Suchergebnisse

Ziel der Untersuchung ist es, am Beispiel des ALLBUS aufzuzeigen, wie in repräsentativen sozialwissenschaftlichen Studien regionale Unterschiede der Sozial- und Bevölkerungsstruktur sowie regionalspezifische Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen zu erfassen sind und ob die regionale Zugehörigkeit einen Einfluß auf das Individuum hat. Die Verfasserin stellt zunächst die Zugangsmöglichkeit zu objektiven kleinräumigen Daten dar und erläutert die gängigsten Raumabgrenzungen. Sie skizziert im folgenden die regionale Verteilung der Befragten im ALLBUS 1994, um vor diesem Hintergrund nach soziodemographischen Merkmalen im regionalen Vergleich zu fragen. Behandelt werden Bildung, Haushaltsgröße, Wohnform und Konfessionszugehörigkeit. Darüberhinaus wird ein regionaler Vergleich von Einstellungsmerkmalen vorgenommen (Wahrnehmung der wirtschaftlichen Lage, Religiosität, Sexualmoral, Geschlechterrolle, Schwangerschaftsabbruch, Wahlverhalten, Wertorientierung, Kriminalitätsfurcht, Einstellung zu Ausländern). Abschließend werden Vorschläge gemacht, welche weiteren Regionalvariablen der Umfrageforschung als Standardinstrument beigefügt werden sollen. (ICE2)

The article reconstructs three key concepts of Hans Vaihinger: the idea of mental fictions as self-contradictory, provisory, conscious, and purposeful; the law of the devolution of ideas stating that an idea oscillates between dogma, hypothesis, or fiction; and the underlying assumption about human consciousness that the psyche constructs thoughts around perceptions like an oyster produces a pearl. In a second, constructive part, these concepts are applied in a discussion of John Searle's social ontologically extended theory of speech acts. The article introduces the Vaihingerian as-if to Searle's account of declarations. The explanatory work in a model of social reality as Searle has proposed it rests on the ability to show a necessary connection between collective and individual intentionality facilitated through linguistic structure. The methodological individualism of the model requires that motivational assumptions about collective structures be realized in individual brains. The as-if stance of the declarer provides just this connection.

"The resurrection of former prisons as museums has caught the attention of tourists along with scholars interested in studying dark tourism. Unsurprisingly, due to their grim subject matter, prison museums tend to invert the 'Disney' experience, becoming the antithesis of 'the happiest place on earth.' With a keen eye on punishment and culture, criminologist Michael Welch explores ten prison museums on six continents, examining the complex interplay between culture and punishment. From Alcatraz to Argentina, from South Africa to South Korea, museums constructed on the former locations of surveillance, torture, colonial control, and possibly even rehabilitation each tell a unique tale about the economic, political, religious, and scientific roots of each site's historical relationship to punishment"--Provided by publisher

Advocacy coalitions have played an increasingly critical role in evidence-based policy development. Despite this, little is known about how such coalitions leverage research to influence policy. Addressing this gap, this qualitative study explores how a multi-sectoral advocacy coalition seeks to shape Canadian food security policy through 'solutions-focused advocacy'. We explore four of the coalition's strategies: (1) shaping policymakers' thinking and priorities while responding to governments' needs; (2) utilising research to help governments achieve political 'wins' while advancing the cause; (3) using research to broker relationships between 'community', government, and the coalition; and (4) mobilising research to 'bring the sector along'.

Guy Alchon examines the mutually supportive efforts of social scientists, business managers, and government officials to create America's first peacetime system of macroeconomic management. Originally published in 1985. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Libra

Building on multisited ethnographic case studies, this paper seeks to contrastively compare the demonstration and articulation formats of two social science expert cultures—economics and anthropology—enrolled 'in the wild' of transnational environmental politics. How, the paper asks, do different social sciences come to be configured within, and do performative work upon, heterogeneous assemblages of global natures? In the first case US economists translate carbon markets into a world of Indian ecoprofessionals, across serious North–South conflicts in climate politics. In the second case a group of anthropologists, mobilized by Japanese bureaucratic elites, deploy their methods to assemble whaling cultures, as part of global biodiversity conflicts. Whereas the first case builds on existing arguments on the 'performativity of economics' (Callon), the second case expands this agenda, noting how the noneconomic social sciences (eg, anthropology) may also be consequential in enacting particular nature-cultures. Theoretically, the paper situates these inquiries at the intersection of science and technology studies (STS) and political anthropology, in addressing the question—important to environmental expertise and politics—of how 'local' (particular) and 'global' (universal) claims are linked in efficacious ways in 'other-than-Western' contexts? Here, the argument will be that, despite their differences, economic and anthropological performances of global natures share certain formal (aesthetic) similarities, related to credible expert demonstrations in transnational environmental contexts. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of this claim for STS self-reflection on its politics of methods.

Recent calls for more public social science have sometimes faltered at the idea that better relations with the military should be part of the project. Better relations with social movements, sure. With NGOs—why not? And certainly with the departments of state, education, or commerce. But is it the job of academic social scientists to inform the military?

The Institute of International Studies (IIS) of the University of Chile was founded in 1966 by professor Claudio Véliz, with the cooperation of the Royal Institute of International Affairs of London. The IIS has been affected by the changes that have occurred in both the domestic and international contexts, but, despite some temporary crises, the Institute has been able to maintain the generally high level of scholarship and objectivity that typically characterized it. Today, the IIS is a research and teaching center in the field of international relations, covering the political, juridical, economic, social and historical dimensions.