Since the Jan 1994 Zapatista insurrection in Chiapas, Mexico, the US's implementation of damage control measures to protect Mexico's political image domestically & internationally by cheering the country's progress during the Carlos Salinas de Gortari administration has reassured short-term corporate & national security interests. It is argued that such a myopic & uncritical commitment to special interests does not represent US public interest (ie, Mexico's social, political, economic, & military stability). While Salinas's reforms have successfully controlled inflation & built a budget surplus, they fail economically to promote overall development, fair resource distribution, & an international trade balance; & socially, they have contributed to collective instability in marginalized rural areas. The armed rebellion is traced directly to the economic adjustment policies prescribed for Mexico by the World Bank & International Monetary Fund, which forcibly proletarianized the lower & middle classes through a dramatic reduction in real income levels. 1 Table. J. Sadler
Map of this detour: This is one of a series of detours compelled by consideration of inheritance law as an aspect of cultural transmission. This course draws attention to three problematic temporalities through which the "self" & its relations with history are often written & read. These implicit time forms are all too common & all too easily go unrecognized. Each involves the illusion of some kind of exalted & immediate convergence between the self (the subject) & an object of exaggerated importance to this self (the world, the universe, the metaphysical or artistic beyond, the origin, etc). Three figures are explored here: that of Hercules in Hegel's Aesthetics & those of Adrian & Breisacher in Thomas Mann's Doctor Faustus. Each of these invites attention to a different temporality through which an exalted convergence may be imagined: the first involves a fantasy of immediate belonging to the whole of history, the second, that of escape forward from history (toward a self-created "ultimate" object), & the third, that of return to fullness in origin (before history). This detour also suggests ways of reading history (including "reading for mana through glances," which will be explained) that protect against the problems just described. The detour closes considering implications of all of the above for U.S. inheritance law. The tutor text for this last leg is Francois Mauriac's Le noeud de viperes. This detour is written to be accessible to those without much experience in critical theory. To those few for whom these courses are obvious, the goad would be: why do you not take the next step? If these historiographical problems are now well known to the humanities, is not current inheritance law their most material & oppressive manifestation? Would not broader discussion of these structural connections create enormous opportunities for non-violent social change? 12 References. [Copyright 2004 Elsevier Ltd.]
Central to the still-nascent normative literature on counterspeech is the widespread belief that citizens should engage discursively with haters and the effects of hate speech. It is also increasingly clear that discursive engagement with intolerant members of society should be understood as a continuous and extended series of different and connected actions. Much less has been said about the ways that attempts in persuasion and direct responses to hate speech relate to one another and about when specific counterspeech actions should happen. This essay advances a more expansive and refined account of counterspeech, which is understood as a combination of continuous discursive engagement with intolerant members of society and acts of distancing from haters (shaming, correcting falsehoods, "Not in my name" campaigns, protests, and forms of discursive exit). After reconsidering discursive agency distribution (that is, who is an active participant, how, and when) around public hate speech, I show that continuous discursive engagement with intolerant members of society should be interrupted by visible acts of distancing when haters make hateful representative claims.
Cover Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Editors' Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Affordable Housing and the Conflict of Competing Goods: A Policy Dilemma -- 2 Our Pluralist Housing Ethics and Public–Private Partnerships for Affordable Housing -- 3 The Value of Lawyering in Affordable Housing Transactions -- 4 Another Model of Low Income Housing Tax Credit Development: Building Housing and Building Capacity -- 5 The National Housing Trust Fund: A Challenge and an Opportunity for Creative Public–Private Partnerships -- 6 Putting Community Equity in Community Development: Resident Equity Participation in Urban Redevelopment -- 7 Constructing the Social Impact Statement to Measure the Full Cost to Public Housing Tenants of Urban Renewal -- 8 Homeownership, Debt, and Default: The Affective Value of Home and the Challenge of Affordability -- 9 Accessible Housing and Affordability -- 10 Managing the Risks of Natural Disasters in Public Housing -- Table of Cases -- Bibliography
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This article theorizes the experiences of lone mothers living on welfare in contemporary consumer society using a governmentality framework, with particular attention to liberalism's practices of unfreedom. Analysis suggests two main ways in which lone mothers were constructed and disciplined as Other: as 'welfare bums' who were not in the labour market; and as 'flawed consumers' without the financial resources to participate in consumer society. This type of study, with its attention to the 'messy actualities' of how subjects take up neo-liberal discourse, offers possibilities for the re-politicization of the Foucauldian-inspired governmentality literature by accounting for the costs of neo-liberal forms of rule, and providing insight into how it might be contested.
This dissertation examines four chronic illnesses in narratives of personal experience with these illnesses and how they are represented in different forms of cultural production, i.e., novel, documentary, video film, and memoir. I argue that narrative attention to the experience of illnesses like PTSD, thalassemia, HIV, endometriosis speaks to a "social chronicity", which is a significant space of investigation for interdisciplinary fields of health studies and care work. The focus on the chronic is an effective mode to engage with illnesses and attendant transformations that are experienced over a long period of time and often on a collective scale among marginalized groups. Thus, the chronicity of an illness experience and their narratives unfold in relation to particular histories that are embodied, social, and transnational. These histories are important to be addressed in order to understand porous definitions of a "disease" and various contexts in which notions of "health" are cultivated. Borrowing from concepts in health humanities, medicine, and memory studies, I examine literary descriptions, visual images, and figurative language to suggest these patients' perspectives work towards performing an ethical sabotage of grounded understandings of health and care work. I call such processes in narratives "slow engagements." Specifically, I examine the following texts: Hilary Mantel's Giving Up the Ghost (2003), Dorothy Allison Bastard Out of Carolina (1992), and Richard Fung's Sea in the Blood (2000). These texts are analyzed both in the light of the above mentioned particular health conditions but also how narratives seek to broaden medically legitimized definitions. The introduction reads current literature in the fields of medical and health humanities which has increasingly valued the role of narratives, and has suggested that medicine, too, as a field is deeply reliant on "interpretation" of a patient's medical condition (Herndl 1993). Utilizing this fundamental intersection between medicine and literature, the introduction focuses on how the contemporary turn in literary criticism towards negotiating the "materiality" of a phenomenon can be brought into conversation with narratives that are engaged in exploring the materiality of an illness experience through a close analysis of its social and political contexts. The following chapters read each of the texts with a close attention to how an experience of a chronic illness is discussed and the multiple narrative and stylistic lenses that are used to investigate the nature of that experience. ; Diese Dissertation untersucht vier chronische Krankheiten in Erzählungen, die persönliche Erfahrungen mit diesen Krankheiten zum Thema haben und ergründet, wie sie in verschiedenen Formen kultureller Produktion, d. H. im Roman, Dokumentarfilm, Videofilm und in Memoiren, dargestellt werden. Ich behaupte, dass die narrative Aufmerksamkeit bei dem Erleben von Krankheiten wie PTSD, Thalassämie, HIV und Endometriose für eine "soziale Chronizität" spricht, die ein bedeutender Untersuchungsraum für interdisziplinäre Bereiche der Gesundheitsforschung und der Versorgungsarbeit ist. Der Fokus auf chronische Erkrankungen ist ein wirksames Mittel, um mit Krankheiten und damit einhergehenden Transformationen umzugehen, die über einen langen Zeitraum hinweg und häufig auch auf kollektiver Ebene bei marginalisierten Gruppen auftreten. So entfaltet sich die Chronizität einer Krankheitserfahrung und die daraus hervorgehenden Erzählungen im Bezug auf bestimmte verkörperte, soziale und transnationale Geschichten sehr unterschiedlich. Es ist wichtig, sich mit diesen Geschichten zu befassen, um poröse Definitionen einer "Krankheit" und die verschiedenen Kontexte zu verstehen, in denen Vorstellungen von "Gesundheit" gepflegt werden. Ich entlehne dafür Konzepte aus verschiedenen Bereichen der Gesundheitswissenschaften, der Medizin und der Gedächtnisforschung und untersuche ausgewählte literarische Beschreibungen, visuelle Bilder und bildliche Sprache, um die Perspektiven dieser Patienten auf eine ethische Sabotage eines fundierten Verständnisses von Gesundheits- und Pflegearbeit hinzudeuten. Ich nenne solche Prozesse in Erzählungen "langsame Engagements". Im Einzelnen untersuche ich Hilary Mantels Giving Up the Ghost (2003), Dorothy Allisons Bastard Out of Carolina (1992) und Richard Fungs Sea in the Blood (2000). Diese Texte werden sowohl im Lichte der oben genannten besonderen Gesundheitsbedingungen als auch im Hinblick darauf analysiert, wie die Erzählungen medizinisch legitimierte Definitionen erweitern wollen. In der Einleitung wird aktuelle Literatur aus den Bereichen Medizin und Gesundheitswissenschaften gelesen, in denen die Rolle von Erzählungen zunehmend gewürdigt wird, und es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass auch die Medizin als Bereich stark von der "Interpretation" des medizinischen Zustands eines Patienten abhängt (Herndl 1993). Anhand dieser fundamentalen Schnittstelle zwischen der Medizin und der Literatur wird in der Einleitung beleuchtet, wie die aktuelle Wende der Literaturkritik zur Aushandlung der "Materialität" eines Phänomens mit Narrativen in ein Gespräch gebracht werden kann, die sich mit der Erforschung der Materialität einer Krankheitserfahrung und der Analyse seiner sozialen und politischen Kontexte auseinandersetzen. In den folgenden Kapiteln wird in jedem der Texte genau darauf eingegangen, wie das Erleben einer chronischen Krankheit erörtert wird und welche vielfältigen narrativen und stilistischen Mittel verwendet werden, um das Wesen dieser Erfahrung zu untersuchen. ; 199 Blätter
Abstract Wu, Howlett, and Ramesh's understanding of policy capacity has been used to identify generalizable strengths and weaknesses of specific jurisdictions and policy sectors such as health. In an extension of this work, Howlett and Ramesh have argued that the mode of governance of a policy sector accentuates the importance of specific elements of policy capacity. In this paper we focus on the implementation of the System Level Measures Framework (SLMF) in New Zealand that has been specifically focused on health systems improvement and which aimed to do so by fostering network governance at the local level. However, this policy is introduced in a context in which there has been significant contestation regarding which mode of governance—network or hierarchy—is dominant in New Zealand health policy. By exploring three divergent local cases of implementation of the SLMF we develop three arguments that contribute to the literature on policy capacity and health. Firstly, local histories of interorganizational play a crucial role in shaping health policy capacity. Secondly, it is crucially important to understand the dynamics and feedback loops between operational, political, and analytical policy capacity. Network and hierarchical governance are characterized by distinct and contrasting understandings of the content of policy capacity elements and of the way in which they are dynamically related. Thirdly, the key challenge in developing policy capacity compatible with network governance is how to facilitate this capacity when connections between operational, political, and analytical policy capacity fail to fire.
AbstractThe concept of 'wicked problems' is a major current in the fields of policy analysis and planning. However, the basis of the concept has been insufficiently examined. This re-examination of its conceptual basis explains the origins of the limitations and flaws in the wicked problems concept. This paper analyses and rejects the notion of 'wicked problems' on philosophical and practical grounds. We argue instead that the policy sciences already had better conceptualizations of public problems before Rittel and Webber's flawed formulation. We return to this literature, and build upon it by reframing 'wickedness' in terms of higher and lower levels of problematicity in problem structuring efforts. In doing so, we offer an alternative, novel combination of the philosophy of questioning and the policy work approach to policy practice. 'Wickedness' is re-conceptualized as problematicity, conceived as the distance between those who question or inquire into a policy problem. This is primarily a political distance, articulated in terms of ideas, interests, institutions and practices. High problematicity arises only when wide political distances are explicitly maintained, such that partial answers cannot be reached. Practitioners deal with problematicity by a dual practical strategy of balancing closing-down and opening-up sub-questions to the problem in order to structure them such that they become amenable to action through partial answers. This simultaneously incorporates a politics of negotiating political distance via partisan adjustment and serial strategic analysis. The argument constitutes a theoretically and practically superior alternative to the 'wicked problems' perspective.
Proposal: Ever wondered what it would like to be a judge on a literary award? Come play the Relevant Britain literary award game – a workshop or seminar activity designed to overcome resistance, enable debate and enliven discussion over difficult current topics in a safe environment. Be a judge on a fictional literary award and perform your character to the fullest in order to influence the discussion, evidence your point and carry across your objective of awarding or not a current title the Relevant Britain award. Take part in this workshop activity and learn how to carry it through on your own. Description: In a recent Contemporary Writing module, we encountered unexpected resistance from third-year undergraduate students around issues in the literary zeitgeist such as politics, race, feminism and others. This third-year module aims to investigate what is happening in contemporary writing and pays attention to best-selling and award winning books and artefacts (such as interactive stories and podcasts) to highlight the current situation of publishing and literature. As an English module, engagement and debate in lectures, tutorials and seminars are highly relevant for generating a good student experience and enabling learning. To overcome student resistance, to challenge all students to safely discuss difficult topics and to achieve a good level of engagement, we created the Relevant Britain game. This activity asks students to participate as fictional judges of a literary award. Each student is given a character with a few notes on their personality, their politics and their initial ideas about the book they are judging for the award. In character, students debate the reasons why the week's book should or should not be given the Relevant Britain award. This activity enables them to engage with arguments other than their own, to make theirs more robust and evidenced when facing opposition, and to present relevant arguments in order to sway the opinion of others. It also allowed them to debate themes related to the module such as the role of technology in contemporary literature, the place of literary awards in a writer's career and what factors might influence award judges when deciding. For this workshop, we want to run a Relevant Britain game and allow participants to experiment for themselves how games can help lower resistance and enliven seminars and tutorials by helping lead safe, engaged discussions on important topics. We will provide a guide on how to run the Relevant Britain game and host a discussion on the role of games in overcoming resistance. Materials will be provided. Keywords: Teaching, Workshop, Debate, Seminar Activities, Games, Contemporary Literature, Creative Writing, English, Social Issues, Cultural Issues
SUMMARY. Following on from articles in Children and Society (3.1), this article discusses issues raised by recent research on foster and residential care practices, and centres on the question of whether children's homes should seek to provide child oriented day‐to‐day care. The role performed by children's homes in substitute child care is considered in order to highlight the dangers inherent in the notion that it may be appropriate to trade off child oriented care for the rather abstract notion of the 'wider function' of children's homes
This Comment addresses the concept of environmental racism, the tools that have been used to fight it, and the proposed Environmental Justice Act of 1993. Part II begins with an examination of the evidence minority communities have relied on as proof that environmental racism exists. The evidence contained in numerous articles clearly shows inequalities in the amounts of environmental and health hazards minority communities bear, and this evidence validates the existence of pervasive environmental injustice in our society. Part III addresses the limited case law involving attempts by minority communities to challenge perceived environmental racism and assesses the effectiveness of the existing legal tools used in such cases. Part IV of this Comment examines the text of the proposed Environmental Justice Act of 1993. This Part analyzes the Act's potential as a solution to the problem of unequal environmental burdens and identifies the Act's weaknesses in methodology and overall tone. Part V suggests the need for a more effective legislative response to the problem, both by suggesting revisions in the provisions and goals of the Act and by suggesting areas for further consideration. Finally, Part VI concludes that the Act, though a step forward in recognizing the unequal environmental and health burdens nationwide, will not be effective in its present form. It will simply not provide minority communities with effective assistance in their fight against unequal environmental burdens.
"In August 2009, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) won a crushing victory over the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), thus bringing to an end over fifty years of one-party dominance. Around the world, the victory of the DPJ was seen as a radical break with Japan's past. However, this dramatic political shift was not as sudden as it appeared, but rather the culmination of a series of changes first set in motion in the early 1990s.
