Suchergebnisse

Since 2010, independent expenditures have grown as a source of spending in American elections. A large and growing portion comes from "dark money" groups—political nonprofits whose terms of incorporation allow them to partially obscure their sources of income. I develop a new dataset of about 2,350,000 tax documents released by the IRS and use it to test a new theory of political spending. I posit that pathways for anonymous giving allowed interest groups to form new networks and create new pathways for money into candidate races apart from established political parties. Akin to networked party organizations discovered by other scholars, these dark money networks channel money from central hubs to peripheral electioneering groups. I further show that accounting for these dark money networks makes previously peripheral nodes more important to the larger network and diminishes the primacy of party affiliated organizations in funneling money into candidate races.

Recent research on activism in the context of digital media has argued that organizing can happen outside of organizations and even without SMOs. This work has been focused primarily on the "supply side" of participation. In this article, we expand this line of work by focusing on the "demand side." We examine the distinction between self-directed and organizationally directed activism from the perspective of the individual, finding that shifts toward movement societies, the rise of lifestyle politics, and, to a lesser extent, changing citizenship norms explain citizen preferences for self-directed versus organizationally directed political consumption. We also analyze the relationship between political interest, different kinds of digital media use, and preferences for self-directed activism. We use original data from a survey in the U.S. on political consumption.

This paper discusses the prospect of the formation of a discriminatory trading area in South Asia from a political economy perspective. It is generally believed that the existence of political rivalry and economic asymmetry in the region acts as a deterrence to the formation of such a trading bloc. This paper argues that the politico-economic imperatives of the changed fundamentals of international political relations and trade would bring the countries of South Asia closer to settling the conflicts. We further argue that the economic asymmetry in this region would not preclude economic cooperation. Rather, a trading bloc involving geographically-large India and its small neighbours would lead to a significant increase in intra-regional trade. This paper concludes that the South Asian countries would gain substantially by acting in concert.

This is the first major response to the challenge of neuroscience to religion. It considers eastern forms of religious experience as well as Christian viewpoints and challenges the idea of a mind identical to, or a by-product of, brain activity. It explores religion as inner experience of the Transcendent, and suggests a modern spirituality.

The argument of this article is that a universal, transcultural entrepreneurship concept should not reduce the term to the popular notion of legal business creation. Therefore, the paper first explores why talking about entrepreneurship has become so popular in recent years and which role anthropology as a discipline could or should play in the politics of the contemporary entrepreneurship discourse. Secondly, the problems of entrepreneurship as a multi-disciplinary field of research are presented and different disciplinary approaches to entrepreneurship are discussed. Finally, it is suggested that agency-driven innovation in relation to local surroundings should be the theoretical core of an anthropological entrepreneurship concept.

This study develops a model of opportunistic behaviour in which an incumbent government resorts to expansionary fiscal and/or monetary stimuli to foster economic growth and thus, maximize the probability of re-election. Using a panel dataset of 31 African countries covering the period 1980 to 2009, we test whether donor aid facilitates such political business cycles and investigate their effect on growth. We find evidence that donors, through guaranteeing support to incumbent governments, may unwittingly instigate political business cycles. With forbearance, and sometimes complicity by donors, aid seems to allow incumbent governments to instigate macroeconomic stimuli that ensure electoral victory with no fear of losing aid support.

Renatis, the network of scientific and technical information professionals of the French National Centre for Scientific Research (French: Centre national de la recherche scientifique, CNRS), organised the 11th Dialogu'IST workshop, entitled "Open science: from the economic model to the evaluation of results", on 30 November 2021 via videoconference. After having dealt with the political aspects of open science, then with the management of research data in this framework, this workshop welcomed feedback from the world of scientific publication, a sector on which open science relies heavily. ; Renatis, le réseau des professionnels de l'information scientifique et technique du CNRS, a organisé le 30 novembre 2021 en visioconférence le 11 e atelier Dialogu'IST, intitulé « Science ouverte : du modèle économique à l'évaluation des résultats ». Après avoir traité des aspects politiques de la science ouverte, puis de la gestion des données de la recherche dans ce cadre, cet atelier a accueilli des retours d'expérience issus du monde de la publication scientifique, secteur sur lequel la science ouverte s'appuie fortement.

Renatis, the network of scientific and technical information professionals of the French National Centre for Scientific Research (French: Centre national de la recherche scientifique, CNRS), organised the 11th Dialogu'IST workshop, entitled "Open science: from the economic model to the evaluation of results", on 30 November 2021 via videoconference. After having dealt with the political aspects of open science, then with the management of research data in this framework, this workshop welcomed feedback from the world of scientific publication, a sector on which open science relies heavily. ; Renatis, le réseau des professionnels de l'information scientifique et technique du CNRS, a organisé le 30 novembre 2021 en visioconférence le 11 e atelier Dialogu'IST, intitulé « Science ouverte : du modèle économique à l'évaluation des résultats ». Après avoir traité des aspects politiques de la science ouverte, puis de la gestion des données de la recherche dans ce cadre, cet atelier a accueilli des retours d'expérience issus du monde de la publication scientifique, secteur sur lequel la science ouverte s'appuie fortement.