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Η σχέση πολιτικής αντιπροσώπευσης είναι ο πυρήνας και το πεδίο τής ίδιας της πολιτικής. Ωστόσο, στη σημερινή εποχή, το αντιπροσωπευτικό σύστημα κλονίζεται στα θεμέλιά του, καθώς αμφισβητείται η ικανότητά του να λειτουργεί ως ο βασικός τόπος πάνω στον οποίο συντίθεται πολιτικά η κοινωνία στο σύνολό της. Έχουν αναπτυχθεί παράλληλα συστήματα αντιπροσώπευσης της κοινωνίας που λειτουργούν ανταγωνιστικά προς το δημοκρατικό πολιτικό σύστημα. Τα ανταγωνιστικά αυτά συστήματα συνδέονται με την οικονομική και επικοινωνιακή ισχύ αλλά και με τα μονοθεματικά ενδιαφέροντα και τις οργανώσεις της λεγάμενης «κοινωνίας των πολιτών». Οι συμβολικοί τόποι σύνθεσης της κοινωνίας μεταναστεύουν από το κοινοβούλιο στα δελτία ειδήσεων των τηλεοπτικών σταθμών και στο διαδίκτυο. Ο «πολιτικός άνθρωπος» δίνει τη θέση του στον «μονοθεματικό άνθρωπο». Ακόμη κι όταν αυτός ενεργοποιείται πολιτικά, η προσέγγιση και η πρακτική του χαρακτηρίζονται από μονομέρεια, κάτι που διαφέρει ουσιωδώς από τη «συνθετική» πολιτική προσέγγιση που κάνουν τα κόμματα. Η πολιτική εξακολουθεί να είναι ο μοναδικός τόπος στον οποίο μπορούν να βρουν λύση τα προβλήματα της εποχής μας, τα οποία σήμερα συμπίπτουν με τους φυσικούς, οικολογικούς, κοινωνικούς και οικονομικούς κινδύνους και αξιώνουν την ύπαρξη ενός αποτελεσματικού μηχανισμού κοινωνικής, εθνικής και διεθνούς αλληλεγγύης.

[ES] One of the most widespread methods to simulate the direct run-off hydrogram in the field of hydrological design is the Unitary Hydrogram (HU) technique. On the basis of a HU model based on an association of linear depots established on the basis of the drainage network of the river basin, a formulation is proposed to allow for the spatial variability of rain, with the ability to introduce different yethograms recorded in different locations. This model has been applied in the Oiartzun basin, with an area of 56.6 km², located in the eastern part of the province of Guipúzcoa, where three continuously recorded pluviometers are available. This basin in terms of uses, soils and physical characteristics is representative of the area. Four rainy events have been selected to evaluate the model. For these four events, the aggregated Hydrogram Geomorphologic Depósitos (HUIGD) model has been applied, introducing a single yethogram determined by Thiessen polygons, and the variant of the distributed HUIGD model that allows the introduction of the three yethograms. Although both models have a good simulation capability, the results provided by the distributed model improve in different respects those of the aggregate. Goñi, M.; López, J.; Gimena, F.; Aguirre, U. (2008). Simulation of direct run-off in a forest basin in northern Spain. Engineering of water. 15 (1): 19-28. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.2008.2923 López J.J., F.N. Gimena and M. Goñi, (2007). Geomorphological unit hydrogram of deposits. Basis for the calculation of design hydrograms in medium river basins. Cedex, Ministry of Public Works and Ministry of the Environment, Madrid. ; 19 28 15 1 ; [ES] One of the most widespread methods to simulate the direct run-off hydrogram in the field of hydrological design is the Unitary Hydrogram (HU) technique. On the basis of a HU model based on an association of linear depots established on the basis of the drainage network of the river basin, a formulation is proposed to allow for the spatial variability of rain, with the ...

1 8 ; S ; Copyright © 2015 J.-C. Cortés et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. [EN] We introduce infinite matrix products including some of their main properties and convergence results.We apply them in order to extend to the matrix scenario the definition of the scalar gamma function given by an infinite product due to Weierstrass. A limit representation of the matrix gamma function is also provided. This work has been supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad Grant MTM2013-41765-P. Cortés, J.; Jódar Sánchez, LA.; Solis, FJ.; Ku Carrillo, R. (2015). Infinite matrix products and the representation the gamma matrix function. Abstract and Applied Analysis. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/564287

In this work, impact of aerosol solar extinction on the photochemistry over eastern Europe during the 2010 wildfires episode is discussed for the period from 5 to 12 August 2010, which coincides to the peak of fire activity. The methodology is based on an online coupling between the chemistry-transport model CHIMERE (extended by an aerosol optical module) and the radiative transfer code TUV. Results of simulations indicate an important influence of the aerosol solar extinction, in terms of intensity and spatial extent, with a reduction of the photolysis rates of NO2 and O-3 up to 50% (in daytime average) along the aerosol plume transport. At a regional scale, these changes in photolysis rates lead to a 3-15% increase in the NO2 daytime concentration and to an ozone reduction near the surface of 1-12 %. The ozone reduction is shown to occur over the entire boundary layer, where aerosols are located. Also, the total aerosol mass concentration (PM10) is shown to be decreased by 1-2 %, on average during the studied period, caused by a reduced formation of secondary aerosols such as sulfates and secondary organics (4-10 %) when aerosol impact on photolysis rates is included. In terms of model performance, comparisons of simulations with air quality measurements at Moscow indicate that an explicit representation of aerosols interaction with photolysis rates tend to improve the estimation of the near-surface concentration of ozone and nitrogen dioxide as well as the formation of inorganic aerosol species such as ammonium, nitrates and sulfates.

professional association and interest representation of Austrian music educators. ; Berufsverband und Interessensvertretung der österreichischen Musikpädagogen.

International audience Since the development of the theory of social representations (Moscovici, 1961/1976), many studies have focused on health-related objects. Although the social representation of health has already been studied through a socio-genetic/anthropological approach (Herzlich, 1969), it has never been studied in relation to the central core theory (Abric, 1994). Health is a complex and composite object, but it is also normative and normalised. The aim of this research was to underline the representational content of such an object of social representation. To do so, 120 participants took part in the study. They were asked to complete a verbal association task and the data were processed by using both rank-frequency processing and importance-frequency processing as well as similarity analysis. Findings showed an impact of the method on the centrality hypothesis. Well-being and (absence of) illness appeared as the central elements in the case of rank-frequency processing, while only

This concluding article of the issue on the writer's 'iconographic figures' aims, beyond synthesis, to map the uses and challenges of the writer portrait through a series of tensions between iconic and index, public and private representation, singularity and multiplicity of postures, etc. ; Cet article de conclusion du numéro portant sur les « figurations iconographiques » de l'écrivain vise, au-delà de la synthèse, à cartographier les usages et les enjeux du portrait d'écrivain à travers une série de tensions entre iconique et indiciel, représentation publique et privée, singularité et multiplicité des postures, etc.

Acute peripheral pain is reduced by multisensory interactions at the spinal level. Central pain is reduced by reorganization of cortical body representations. We show here that acute pain can also be reduced by multisensory integration through self-touch, which provides proprioceptive, thermal, and tactile input forming a coherent body representation. We combined self-touch with the thermal grill illusion (TGI). In the traditional TGI, participants press their fingers on two warm objects surrounding one cool object. The warm surround unmasks pain pathways, which paradoxically causes the cool object to feel painfully hot. Here, we warmed the index and ring fingers of each hand while cooling the middle fingers. Immediately after, these three fingers of the right hand were touched against the same three fingers on the left hand. This self-touch caused a dramatic 64% reduction in perceived heat. We show that this paradoxical release from paradoxical heat cannot be explained by low-level touch-temperature interactions alone. To reduce pain, we often clutch a painful hand with the other hand. We show here that self-touch not only gates pain signals reaching the brain but also, via multisensory integration, increases coherence of cognitive body representations to which pain afferents project.

On the basis of two classifications of absolute uses of transitive verbs elaborated respectively by Ch. Fillmore (definite vs. indefinite zero object) and by M. Larjavaara (latent/underlying vs. generic missing object) which we show to be akin because they imply the same distinctive factors of accessibility, identifiability and topicality, we seek criteria for recognizing absolute uses of the verb boire implying that the undermeant object refers to an alcoholic beverage. Whereas reference to alcohol is stereotypical in uses with generic (or indefinite) implicit object, in uses implying a latent definite implicit object, it is the representation of the whole scene which favours or triggers the reference to alcohol.

135 142 6 2 ; SWORD ; [EN] Using compactness properties of bounded subsets of spaces of vector measure integrable functions and a representation theorem for q-convex Banach lattices, we prove a domination theorem for operators between Banach lattices. We generalize in this way several classical factorization results for operators between these spaces, as psumming operators. The authors acknowledge the support of the Generalitat Valenciana, Spain, grant GV04B-371, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, Plan Nacional I+D+I , grant BFM2003-02302; and the support of the Universidad Polit´ecnica de Valencia, under grant 2003-4114 for Interdisciplinary Research Projects. Garcia-Raffi, L.; Sánchez-Pérez, E. (2005). Compactness properties of bounded subsets of spaces of vector measure integrable functions and factorization of operators. Applied General Topology. 6(2):135-142. doi:10.4995/agt.2005.1952.

Ferris Carrillo, MJ. (1998). The representation of the eye. The indiscrete window. Separate band. (12): 93-93. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/42297. ; 93 12 ; Ferris Carrillo, MJ. (1998). The representation of the eye. The indiscrete window. Separate band. (12): 93-93. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/42297. ; Importación Masiva ; Ferris Carrillo, MJ. (1998). The representation of the eye. The indiscrete window. Separate band. (12): 93-93. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/42297. ; Ferris Carrillo, MJ. (1998). La representación de la mirada. La ventana indiscreta. Banda aparte. (12):93-93. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/42297.

electronic distribution Cairn.info for Presses de Sciences Po. © Presses of Sciences Po. All rights reserved for all countries. Reproduction or representation of this article, in particular by photocopying, is authorised only within the limits of the general conditions of use of the site or, where applicable, the general terms and conditions of the licence entered into by your establishment. Any other reproduction or representation, in whole or in part, in any form and manner, shall be prohibited unless the publisher has given its prior written consent, except in the cases provided for by the legislation in force in France. It is specified that storage in a database is also prohibited. ; International audience ; electronic distribution Cairn.info for Presses de Sciences Po. © Presses of Sciences Po. All rights reserved for all countries. Reproduction or representation of this article, in particular by photocopying, is authorised only within the limits of the general conditions of use of the site or, where applicable, the general terms and conditions of the licence entered into by your establishment. Any other reproduction or representation, in whole or in part, in any form and manner, shall be prohibited unless the publisher has given its prior written consent, except in the cases provided for by the legislation in force in France. It is specified that storage in a database is also prohibited. ; Distribution électronique Cairn.info pour Presses de Sciences Po. © Presses de Sciences Po. Tous droits réservés pour tous pays. La reproduction ou représentation de cet article, notamment par photocopie, n'est autorisée que dans les limites des conditions générales d'utilisation du site ou, le cas échéant, des conditions générales de la licence souscrite par votre établissement. Toute autre reproduction ou représentation, en tout ou partie, sous quelque forme et de quelque manière que ce soit, est interdite sauf accord préalable et écrit de l'éditeur, en dehors des cas prévus par la législation en vigueur en France. Il ...

This paper builds on a simple unified representation of shrinkage Bayes estimators based on hierarchical Normal-Gamma priors. Various popular penalized least squares estimators for shrinkage and selection in regression models can be recovered using this single hierarchical Bayes formulation. Using 129 U.S. macroeconomic quarterly variables for the period 1959 – 2010 I exhaustively evaluate the forecasting properties of Bayesian shrinkage in regressions with many predictors. Results show that for particular data series hierarchical shrinkage dominates factor model forecasts, and hence is a valuable addition to existing methods for handling large dimensional data.

In contrast to the traditional approach that uses total mortality rates, we want to gain additional insight into the past development of mortality by concentrating on a more detailed breakdown of mortality data, namely by causes of death. We work with the data from five developed countries (USA, Japan, France, England and Wales, and Australia), two sexes, and split the mortality rates into five main groups of causes of death (Infectious&Parasitic, Cancer, Circulatory diseases, Respiratory diseases, and External causes). As it was shown in Arnold and Sherris (2016), these time series of cause-specific mortality rates are cointegrated and so, there exist long-run equilibrium relationships between them. While the previous research focused on the stationary part of the system of cause-specific mortality rates, in the present paper we study its non-stationary part. For this we explicitly extract common stochastic trends from the original variables and compare them across the different datasets. By testing cointegration assumptions about these trends, we are able to get a better representation and understanding of how cause-specific death rates are evolving. We believe that common patterns emerging from such analysis could indicate a link to more fundamental biological processes such as aging.

Summary: One of the most significant questions of the different stages of feminism focuses on the role of the mother as a desert of the female, which hinders the advancement of equal policies. In Chile, several voices denounce this situation through literary representation. This article analyses the texts of Diamela Eltit, Pía Barros, Lina Meruane and Claudia Apablaza, taking into account the transformation that the country has undergone and social speeches over the past 30 years. ; Resumen: Uno de los cuestionamientos más significativos de las distintas etapas del feminismo se centra en la figura de la madre como desiderata de lo femenino, figura que entorpece el avance de las políticas igualitarias. En Chile, diversas voces denuncian esta situación a través de la representación literaria. En este artículo son analizados los textos de Diamela Eltit, Pía Barros, Lina Meruane y Claudia Apablaza, considerando la transformación que ha experimentado el país y los discursos sociales en los últimos treinta años.