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Letter from Ferdinand V, King of Spain, 1452-1516 (Yo el REY) to Captin Pedro Fajaro: 1503 January 2, Madrid. Iron gall on laid paper. Address on Side 2. The letter advises Captin Fajaro of the arrival of the Galician Squadron and orders the loading of goods.

In the first half of the Seventeenth century, some of the most important and prolific military engineers at the service of Spain focused their attention on the northern Italian peninsula. In particular, interests laid on the border between the State of Milan and the Duchy of Savoy. In few decades, actions of fortification reinforcement of the cities located in the border were undertaken, along with the aggression and the conquest of some Piedmont's obsolete fortresses subsequently reinforced in the walls and the defence aimed at the prevention of a France-Savoy counterattack, after the unsuccessful sieges of Turin and Casale Monferrato (1640). Especially starting from the 1630s, Francesco Prestino stood out as " ingegnere maggiore dell'Esercito di sua maestà nostro signore nel Stato di Milano". In 1633, he was commissioned by Philip IV to draw an atlas of cities of the State of Milan, not yet identified. Teacher of Gaspare Beretta, who will replace him after his death, he was committed to the defence of the cities of the State of Milan during the war that broke out after the death of Vittorio Amedeo I of Savoy and the occupation of Piedmont by the Marquis of Leganés. Active in the newly Spanish fortress of Vercelli, he dealt with the strengthening and the maintenance of the walls signing, in the first half of the 1640s, a series of reports on the conditions of the fortresses of the State of Milan. The documents must be linked to an atlas of drawings preserved in the Biblioteca Nacional de España (already the subject of a contribution in the conference Fortmed 2015) and to a series of drawings dated 1642, preserved in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana of Milan and signed by Giovanni Giacomo Tensini, a military engineer who was also active in Gaspare Beretta's entourage.

1 broadside. ; "Given at our court at Whitehall the 10/20 day of September, in the twelfth year of our reign, 1660." ; Reproduction of original in the Huntington Library.

State Territory — Parts of — Land boundaries — Principle of uti possidetis — Meaning and application of.State territory — Parts of — Water boundaries — Thalweg — Operation of thalweg concept at mouth of river.Treaties — Conclusion of — Ratification and entry into force Provisions for submission of treaty to constitutional ratification and for immediate organization of Mixed Boundary Commission prior to ratification — Whether treaty enters into force on signature — Relevance of intention of Parties.Disputes — Arbitration — The award — Binding force of — Validity of award — Effect of non-compliance with treaty provisions on appointment of arbitrator — Effect of lapse of treaty after appointment but before arbitrator agreed to act — Whether acquiescence in award as binding operates as estoppel to later objections to its validity — Effect of arbitrator exceeding his powers — Effect of "essential error" — Effect of omissions and obscurities in award.

Philip III, King of Spain, 1578-1621, as the champion of the Church, requests Condé to relinquish his opposition to the faith and the crown. He writes from "Burgos, ce 5. Nouembre 1615." ; Electronic reproduction ; 7 p ; 16 cm.

2 leaves. ; Proclamation against piracy. ; Other title information from first 2 lines of text. ; "Giuen at our Castle of Windsor the viij. of Iuly 1605. in the third yeere of our Reigne of Great Britaine, France and Ireland." ; Imprint from colophon. ; Reproduction of original in: Harvard University. Library.

Letters forwarded to the king of Spain in the 16th century from Panama show the typical traits of politeness of the genre of the period, several of which have continued to be in use in the following centuries and in different Spanish speaking countries. ; En las cartas enviadas desde Panamá al rey de España en el siglo XVI, se utilizaban los rasgos de cortesía típicos para el género epistolar de la época, varios de los cuales se han seguido manteniendo en el género epistolar de siglos posteriores y en diferentes países de habla hispana.

Philip III writes from Burgos, 28 October 1615, to the French crown offering his support and help against the rebelling Princes. He hopes for the peace of both kingdoms. ; Electronic reproduction ; 7 p. ; 15 cm.

International audience ; Usually seen as actors with limited political agency, captives and slaves are, in this essay, at the core of complex diplomatic negotiations between two political authorities in a cross-confessional context. The case study presents a group of enslaved Christians in Algiers at the beginning of the seventeenth century working to restore a disrupted communication system between Spain and a rebel Muslim lord at war with the Ottomans. This lord, called Amar ben Amar bel Cadi, ruled the tiny city of Kuko and its region in the Djurdjura range (in present-day Kabylia). The goal of the Spanish military collaboration with him was to take Algiers and weaken the Ottoman Empire in North Africa. The paper argues that the captives' initiative must be understood both as diplomacy "from below" and as a cross-confessional model of loyalty. Furthermore, it compels us to rethink the agency of actors in imperial encounters and to reject the topos-often implicit in contemporary historical essays-that religious affiliation conditioned political loyalty.

1 sheet ([1] p.) ; Praying "that during the war with Spain all wines and fruits of the growth of any of the King of Spains dominions may be prohibited to be imported." ; Annotation on Thomason copy: "1658. feb. 15:"; the 9 in the imprint date has been crossed out. ; Thomason copy imperfect; page cropped on right, with loss of text. ; Reproduction of the original in the British Library.