Suchergebnisse

En el presente estudio se presentan datos sobre frecuencia de consumo y determinantes individuales y familiares, a través del tiempo, de cuatro conductas de riesgo entre adolescentes de 15 años: consumo de cigarrillo, alcohol y drogas, y sexo sin protección. Se trata de un tema sobre el cual hay muchos estudios internacionales -y algunos peruanos-, enfocados principalmente en la prevalencia de estas conductas. La investigación es el primer análisis longitudinal con adolescentes peruanos. La importancia del estudio de estas conductas radica en que se podrían asociar a problemas de salud, baja productividad o, en general, una reducción del bienestar personal a corto, mediano o largo plazo.

The past few years in Azerbaijan have been marked by growing government interest in using 'smart' solutions in urban and rural planning. The results of the Karabakh conflict pushed these aspirations even further, with 'smart' technologies being seen as the key instruments in the redevelopment of the de-occupied territories. Since cities are vital mechanisms for economic growth, it is generally believed that applying modern technologies in urban and regional planning can increase the economic performance of a nation while ensuring sustainability. This article will discuss Azerbaijan's existing experience in 'smart' development and examine the extent to which the wider public participates (or will have an opportunity to participate) in the ongoing and future reforms.

The end of the Karabakh conflict brought new problems for the Azerbaijani government, the most important of which being the reconstruction and development of de-occupied territories. With thousands of hectares of agricultural lands undeveloped and abandoned for 30 years, the Azerbaijani government has adopted a 'smart village' approach. The political establishment hopes that the implementation of this concept in these territories will boost redevelopment as well as lead to a return of population. The following article discusses the possibilities of implementing 'smart village' concepts in the Karabakh region, and offers suggestions based on the past experience of various countries.

In a town of Tocantins, it was implanted an integrated unity of education and health assistance, product of a partnership between the town and a private college - the Health Space. The study proposes to characterize the users'profile concerning the sociodemographic and health variables found in the chart of the users of the Health Space from June 2012 to May 2014. It is a retrospective and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. It was concluded that the clientele was composed of 946 individuals, mainly: female, from 18 to 60 years old, with few years of school attendance and living in the urban area. In what concerns the 2,009 medical appointments, the absolute majority just showed up to one or two medical appointments. The main reasons given to the necessity of an appointment were the childcare segment and routine appointments, as well as requests for prescriptions, sick leaves and complementary exams, and to know the results of the exams. Among the symptoms, pain and fever were the most referred ones. About the medical diagnosis, it was noticed that virus diseases and hypertension were the most common ones. These pieces of information can base innovations in the attending system, learning program and in the implantation of multidisciplinary programs.

All three countries of the South Caucasus have been confronted with war and forced displacement over the past three decades. Because of the unresolved nature of the internal conflicts, internally displaced persons (IDPs) cannot return to their homes and remain in a situation of protracted displacement. This article investigates the socio-economic situation of the internally displaced populations in the South Caucasus, with a special focus on their vulnerability to the impact of COVID-19. Poverty, unemployment, poor housing conditions as well as limited access to education and health care have resulted in increased vulnerabilities of IDPs, which have been further aggravated by the measures imposed to contain COVID-19. As a result, despite aid programmes targeting the specific needs of the displaced populations, their social isolation has increased over the course of the pandemic.

Modern tourism forms respond to the contemporary tendencies of the economy, adopting new business models and creating new offerings based on natural and cultural heritage and creative and non-artificial activities. As a result, today's tourism differs from the traditional approach in determining holiday destinations characterized by a focus on the destination's physical assets. This article reviews recent tourism trends in Georgia by examining new initiatives and practices adopted in rural and mountainous regions. Ultimately, we propose focus on experience-based competitive authentic products that meet the needs of post-modern tourists and that have been adopted in high-spending markets.

Demography is typically defined as the study of human populations and the changes in their quantity associated with migration, fertility, and mortality. The term demography comes from Greek word and means "describing people." Thus, this discipline deals with the characteristics of the population, taking into account features such as, sex ratio, age structure, composition, spatial distribution, and population density. In addition, sometimes a distinction is made between "formal demography" or "demographic analysis," which includes the statistical analysis of population parameters and their dynamics, and "population studies," that is, the analysis of the causes and effects of changes in the structure of the population in a broader context and in connection with other phenomena and processes.

The recognition of the local collectivities and the essential role of democratic
society require the clear definition of the term "local collectivity", which would allow the
avoiding of ambiguities in its usage.
The defining element of the local territorial collectivities is the population, which
includes all inhabitants permanently living in the territorial perimeter of the local
collectivity.
There are identified criteria that allow the establishment of the individuals' belonging
to a specific local collectivity. This is very important because the individual's ability to be
part of a particular local collectivity gives him the opportunity to take part in local selfgovernment.
I insisted on the recognition of the local population as a subject of the local autonomy,
and not of the local public authorities elected by the population who are representatives of
the local territorial collectivities, while also examining the causes of the population's nonparticipation
in local public life.

La ciudad moderna es la expresión más clara del progreso moderno y este progreso efectivamente se manifiesta como el resultado de todo el avance científico y tecnológico que hace confortable la vida, pero también, y sobre todo, en el ritmo de vida cotidiano. Podríamos aventurar inclusive que el progreso moderno es ante todo cuestión de ritmo, o de velocidad mejor si somos más fieles al ideal moderno, en última instancia regula una determinada utilización del tiempo. Todo es acelerado en la ciudad, toda acción tiene un momento preciso que se encoge.

Schmidts Ausführungen zu einem Wahlrecht
ab Geburt greifen Jahre alte
Diskussionen um ein Wahlrecht für Minderjährige
auf. Letzteres beschäftigt nicht
nur Demokratietheoretiker, Verfassungsrechtler,
Entwicklungspsychologen und
politikwissenschaftliche Jugendforscher, sondern
auch Bundestagsabgeordnete. Im Kern
dreht sich die Debatte um die Frage, ob und
welchen Beitrag eine Wahlrechtsreform zur
demokratischen Interessenvertretung der
jungen Generation, zu Generationengerechtigkeit und Zukunftsfähigkeit in einer alternden
Gesellschaft leisten kann. Stark umstritten
sind hierbei Ausgestaltung und
Verfassungsmäßigkeit eines Wahlrechts für
Kinder und Jugendliche. Diesen brisanten
Fragen widmet sich Schmidt in einem hochpersönlichen
Appell. Hierzu bündelt sie bestehende
Antworten und Argumente
verschiedener Wissenschaftler und Politiker
in knapper und verständlicher Form und reichert diese mit politischen Anekdoten an.
"[E]in einseitiges, parteiisches Plädoyer für
ein Wahlrecht von Geburt an" (13) – so charakterisiert
Renate Schmidt ihr Werk Lasst
unsere Kinder wählen! gleich zu Beginn. Erklärtes
Ziel der Autorin ist also, ihre Leserinnen
von einer Wahlrechtsreform zu
überzeugen, die die Interessen der jungen
Generation in einer alternden Gesellschaft
schützt und stärkt.

Two explanations, institutionalization and socialization, are generally used to explain the impact of social context on how much one trusts others. This paper uses the case of international immigrants to show that the two assumptions are complementary. Cross-classified multilevel models fitted on EVS 2008-2009 data prove that immigrants' levels of social trust depend on one hand on the culture of trust in the country of origin, and on the other hand on the culture of trust in the host society. While the host is generally salient, the outcome is shaped by structural conditions. In a host society rich in immigrants, the impact of the local culture increases. A country of origin dependent on remittances tends to be more influential. Coming from a country poorer in social trust to a more trustful one boosts immigrants' likelihood to trust others.

We present an overview of a new integral field spectroscopic survey called MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory), one of three core programs in the fourth-generation Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) that began on 2014 July 1. MaNGA will investigate the internal kinematic structure and composition of gas and stars in an unprecedented sample of 10,000 nearby galaxies. We summarize essential characteristics of the instrument and survey design in the context of MaNGA's key science goals and present prototype observations to demonstrate MaNGA's scientific potential. MaNGA employs dithered observations with 17 fiber-bundle integral field units that vary in diameter from 12 '' (19 fibers) to 32 '' (127 fibers). Two dual-channel spectrographs provide simultaneous wavelength coverage over 3600-10300 angstrom at R similar to 2000. With a typical integration time of 3 hr, MaNGA reaches a target r-band signal-to-noise ratio of 4-8 (angstrom(-1) per 2 '' fiber) at 23 AB mag arcsec(-2), which is typical for the outskirts of MaNGA galaxies. Targets are selected with M* greater than or similar to 10(9) M-circle dot using SDSS-I redshifts and i-band luminosity to achieve uniform radial coverage in terms of the effective radius, an approximately flat distribution in stellar mass, and a sample spanning a wide range of environments. Analysis of our prototype observations demonstrates MaNGA's ability to probe gas ionization, shed light on recent star formation and quenching, enable dynamical modeling, decompose constituent components, and map the composition of stellar populations. MaNGA's spatially resolved spectra will enable an unprecedented study of the astrophysics of nearby galaxies in the coming 6 yr. ; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation ; National Science Foundation ; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science ; Carnegie Mellon University ; Colorado University ; Boulder ; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Participation Group ; Johns Hopkins University ; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe ; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astrophysik (MPA Garching) ; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) ; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astronomic (MPIA Heidelberg) ; National Astronomical Observatories of China ; New Mexico State University ; New York University ; Ohio State University ; Penn State University ; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory ; United Kingdom Participation Group ; University of Portsmouth ; University of Utah ; University of Wisconsin ; Yale University ; World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan ; People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7 under REA PITN-GA-2011-289313 ; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Xdb09000000 ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 11333003 ; Royal Society University Research Fellowship ; Sloan Foundation ; Packard Foundation ; Grainger Foundation ; McDonald Observatory

How does small-firm employment respond to exogenous labor productivity risk? We find that this depends on the capitalization of firms' local banks. The evidence comes from firms offering (quasi-) fixed employment to workers whose productivity depends on the weather. Weather risk reduces this employment, and the effect is stronger in regions where the regional banks have less equity capital. Bank capitalization also proxies for the extent to which the regional banks' borrowers can obtain liquidity when the regions are hit by weather shocks. We argue that, as liquidity providers, well-capitalized banks support economic adaptation to climate change.

The article aims to explore the effect of global politics on tourism-dependent communities living in a geopolitically uncertain situation, using Georgia-Russia bilateral relations as an example. It discusses how the combination of political destabilization and tourism development affects Georgia's overall economic climate, raising the question of whether the benefits of tourism are sustainable in the face of such an unpredictable political environment. The article explains how powerful regional political dynamics have impacted Georgia's most formidable economic progress mechanism - tourism - and how strongly this has influenced the country's development.