Suchergebnisse

In this paper the authors examine the theoretical framework of the set of laws, provisions, regulations, recommendations and pronouncements that embody the active employment policies in Europe. They illustrate that the theoretical framework is influenced in its attribution of meaning and significance to its subject matter by its relationship with the definitions of employment. To do this they provide an analysis of: the collective agencies, the courses of action, the recipient groups, the relations between the collective agencies, the courses of action decided upon and their recipient subjects, the supporting measures by which these courses of action will be implemented.

It is commonly known that technology has a big effect on unemployment and the labor force. In this study, the effect of technology on the the active-employment policies, which are the institutions are actively involved. The question is, how technological development affects these policies and implementation tools, will be analyzed. During the literature review, the primary data will be used. At the beginning the conceptual integrity of the work plan will be created and then it will be discussed in what way the specific active-employment policies are affected in Turkey. The Parameters of the active employment policies of the European Union are examined during the Turkey's process of being included in the European Union and is treated as an important chapter. The definition and conceptual integrity will be developed in relations to the European Union chapters and the parameters related to the subject will be considered in relation with the technology. In the work plan, firstly the main concepts will be emphasized and accordingly its scope will be analyzed. Later on, efficiency will be studied on the basis of technology and its effects in different fields. As a result of the study, it will be pointed out that sectoral analysis of the subject is required while emphasizing that active employment policies are positively related with technology.

The recent reform of the Danish governance system in the field of active employment policy has been subject to fierce criticism, as many commentators fear that it is the beginning of the end of the Danish Model of active stakeholder involvement. Drawing on both quantitative and qualitative data, this study aims to analyse the impact of the governance reform by assessing the initial experiences with the Local Employment Councils (LECs). The analysis shows that the LECs are relatively well-functioning and contribute to an effective and democratic governance of local employment policy. Furthermore, the tight metagovernance of the LECs does not seem to straight-jacket the LECs as there is a considerable scope for local policy making which makes it worthwhile for the social partners to participate in the local networks.

This paper is an empirical analysis of panel data cross-sectional ordinary least squares (OLS) of expenditure on employment policies in the European Union (EU). The data source is EUROSTAT and OECD for general analysis of the EU. The results reveal overall level of European active labor market policies are statistically significant in reducing unemployment. In detail employment agencies and training show significant statistical evidence in reducing unemployment. When classified by geographic areas, Central Europe has a better efficiency in the use of active labor market policies in relation to other geographical area. In the other hand, passive labor market policies as unemployment insurance show out stretch to increase unemployment.

In the Danish employment system social workers have the important institutional task of trying to establish a labour market perspective for each cash benefit recipient, even when the client has other problems in addition to unemployment. The client's 'capacity for work' must be documented and described. In this article we examine the dilemmas that occur in the interaction between clients and social workers. We show how clients try to evade the demands of labour market related identities in their negotiations with social workers. Our analysis focuses on two cases, selected from a vast qualitative material, that represent cases in which the client's dissatisfaction becomes apparent. The results indicate that clients are active participants who resist, protest against and sometimes even avoid the identities offered by the employment system.

We analyse the effects of active social policy (ASP) on the dynamics of welfare dependence. We evaluate the impact of various ASP measures (employment and training) on the duration of welfare spells and subsequent employment spells, based on data from Denmark. The results show that employment measures improve the chances of leaving welfare dependence whereas training measures have detrimental effects on the exit rate from welfare spells. We investigate the optimal timing of ASP and show that there is a case for assigning individuals to early participation in employment programmes, as the net effect is larger the earlier participation begins.

Using a unique micro panel data set we investigate whether active labor market programs improve employment prospects and increase mobility in the longer run. We consider two prototype programs: job creation programs and training programs. We find that both programs reduce the chances of finding a job substantially. Moreover, both programs are associated with a locking-in e.ect: the probability of finding a job outside the home region decreases after program participation. However, this e.ect appears to stem exclusively from the decrease in the overall job finding rate.

Der Autor berichtet über die 1992 gegründete Gelsenkirchener Arbeitsförderungsgesellschaft (Gafög), welche eine 'eingliederungsorientierte Arbeitnehmerüberlassung' im Rahmen der Arbeitsmarktpolitik zum Ziel hat. Das Gesamtkonzept der Gafög verbindet die in konventionellen Beschäftigungsgesellschaften bewährten sozialen Elemente, z.B. Sozialberatung, Schuldnerberatung und pädagogische Begleitung, mit betriebsnahen Formen von Arbeit und Qualifizierung. Der Autor beschreibt die modellspezifischen Elemente, die Kooperation der Gafög mit Interessenverbänden und der Privatwirtschaft sowie die öffentliche Finanzierung. Er zieht ferner eine Erfahrungsbilanz nach 5 Jahren und stellt insgesamt fest, dass durch das Gafög-Modell systembedingte Integrationsbarrieren von Arbeitslosen besser überwunden werden, und dass Unternehmensnähe und Instrumentenmix die Vermittlungsaktivitäten erleichtern. Gleichwohl kann der Ansatz einer unternehmensorientierten Arbeitsmarktpolitik zugunsten von Zielgruppen kein Patentrezept zur Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit darstellen. Der Autor geht hierzu auf die Grenzen der Verbetrieblichung von Arbeit und Qualifizierung ein. (ICI)