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By synthesizing what is known about the broad psychosocial ramifications, the author of this book helps to demystify acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). She reviews the literature, reports the experiences of patients and professionals, and summarizes research implications. Readers will find specific information on how AIDS changes victims' lives. They will learn about the studies that thus far have been done on the spectrum of psychosocial factors, particularly but not exclusively with regard to the gay experience. They will read accounts by involved practitioners of psychiatry, nursin

The purpose of the study was to describe the personal views of superintendents and their opinions of their school boards' views in regard to schools and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The population for this study included the superintendents identified by a panel of jurors, on the basis of reputational excellence, for inclusion in"The Executive Educator 100" and published in the February 1987 issue of the Executive Educator. The study utilized survey research methodology to address the following questions: what are the personal views of superintendents, what are the relationships between these views and certain demographic characteristics and what are the relationships between the superintendents' responses and their opinion of their school boards' views? Eight items were identified on which superintendents were most evenly divided in their response. These items included the following statements: the current curriculum was sufficient for students to develop a comprehensive understanding of the causality and nature of AIDS, schools should be responsible for the shaping of attitudes and responses of students to the possibility of transmission of AIDS, schools should provide counseling for family members of student AIDS victims, an AIDS education inservice program should be mandatory for all certificated personnel, the school curriculum should specifically address the moral and values issues associated with AIDS, students with AIDS should be excluded from participation in contact sports programs, persons with AIDS should not be protected by Federal antidiscrimination legislation, and district policies should not differentiate between AIDS and any other communicable disease or virus. Superintendent response was found to be affected by respondents' sex, promotion to the superintendency, the identification of AIDS as an issue affecting schools, years experience in education, community description of district served, race, district enrollment size and whether or not the respondent had participated in an AIDS information workshop. There was a high degree of concurrence between the superintendents' views and their beliefs of their school boards' views regarding schools and AIDS. Only the issues of condom distribution in schools indicated an anticipated conflict in opinion. ; Ph. D.

Although acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first described in the USA in 1981, there is evidence that individual cases occurred considerably earlier in Central Africa, and serological and virological data show human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was present in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) as far back as 1959. It is likely that HIV-1 infection in humans was established from cross-species transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzees, but the circumstances surrounding this zoonotic transfer are uncertain. This presentation will review how causality is established in epidemiology, and review the evidence (a putative ecological association) surrounding the hypothesis that early HIV-1 infections were associated with trials of oral polio vaccine (OPV) in the DRC. From an epidemiological standpoint, the OPV hypothesis is not supported by data and the ecological association proposed between OPV use and early HIV/AIDS cases is unconvincing. It is likely that Africa will continue to dominate global HIV and AIDS epidemiology in the near to medium-term future, and that the epidemic will evolve over many decades unless a preventive vaccine becomes widely available.

Background: Family planning among people living with Human Immuno Deficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is proved to be effective in preventing Human Immuno Deficiency Virus transmission through sexual and mother to child transmission.We studied family planning practice among people living with Human Immuno Deficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome at reproductive age and its associated factors.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in four anti retro viral therapy centers in eastern Nepal from September 2015 to February 2016. Data was collected among 200 samples by face to face interview using pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression was performed to analyze the associated factors.Results: Fifty one percent (51%) of participants in reproductive age were currently using family planning methods with male condom being the most common. On bivariate analysis, higher income, higher education, having living children, involvement in decision making, low fertility desire, longer duration in anti-retroviral therapy, family planning knowledge and past counseling were found to be statistically significant in having higher family planning practice. In multivariate analysis,participants with duration in anti-retroviral therapy for 1- 4 years(AOR: 9.2, 95% CI: 1.7-47.5), both spousal involvement in decision making (AOR:37.1, 95% CI: 6.5-211.9) and family planning counseling (AOR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.0-11.3) were found to have higher odds of family planning practice.Conclusions: Male condom is the most common method of family planning practice among HIV patients. Higher income, education status of both partners and having living childrens are the encouraging factor for better practice. Involvement of both partners is associated with higher use of family planning practices. Duration of anti-retroviral therapy use has positive impact on use of family planning practices.Keywords: Family planning practice; people living; Human Immuno Deficiency Virus

Objective: To synthesize the knowledge produced in the scientific literature about the most frequent nursing diagnosis in people with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. Method: it is an integrative literature review conducted in the databases SCOPUS, PubMed, LILACS and BDENF. Results: seven nursing diagnosis were identified of which 04 were cited in 66% of the articles: lack of knowledge, fear, and imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements and risk of infection. The ND anxiety, ineffective management of therapeutic regimen and diarrhea were cited in 50% of the articles. Conclusion: there are gaps in the studies analyzed, because the nurses did not describe in some developed diagnosis which defining characteristics and related factors of ND established by them.