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There are inherent tensions between government policy on adult social care work in England and the practice of that care work. This paper locates these tensions within the masculine model of professionalization contained in English adult social care policy and its interpretation by a largely female workforce. We situate our analysis within critical realism, exploring street -- level bureaucracy in manager and care worker policy interpretations. We argue that their exercise of agency draws substantially upon gender structures. Managers espouse policy while reproducing gender to construct care work as low in skill and status. Care workers, whose views are often neglected, transform gender to resist this positioning of their work. Our contribution is to question policy's effectiveness given its disregard of gender and its consequent disconnect from those practising adult social care. In so doing, we also advance understanding of street -- level bureaucracy. Adapted from the source document.

The gifts of leisure to contemporary society offer many benefits of recreation to our adult pop. All soc & econ factors indicate that this privilege will continue. Adulthood is not reaping the values available to it, & often because of misuse & abuse & leisure there is individual & soc pathology. The forces of organized recreation, public & private, have centered interests largely on programs for children & youth. Concentration should now be made, as equally & effectively, on services for adults. A good start is noted in the provision of recreation for our senior citizens. AAAPSS.

The reform of adult social care is a major preoccupation within England. It is presented as the inevitable consequence of the changed expectations of people who use services; in addition, the detail of policy is portrayed as being in accordance with what those people specify they want from social care. However, there appears to be little recognition of the complexities and contradictions that characterize much of the policy. Of these, the inadequacy of the resource base of adult social care is most significant; consequently, rationing of scarce resources will continue to be a priority. The paper also highlights problems in other areas, including the rhetoric that accompanies policy change and the evidence base for that change, the lack of connection between issues of independence and protection, the partial understandings of partnership that appear to characterize it and the inadequate conceptualizations both of the nature of those people who require social care support and of the character of that support. In discussing these issues, the paper emphasizes that there remain continuities in the context of policy, while noting the continual focus on discontinuity within government documents.

Objective: To know women's health behavior and their reason to seek for care in an emergency service.
Methods: Descriptive, exploratory and qualitative study done with 18 women who were attended in a
municipal emergency unit in the northwest of Paraná. These data were collected in November of 2015 with
a semi-structured interview and subjected to content analysis, in thematic modality. Results: Two empirical
categories were identified: "Women behaviors before health complications" shows that the initial conduct of
women in situations of illness is self-medication and postponement to seek health services; and "reasons to seek
emergency care service", which shows that the demand for this level of service is driven by the perception of
better resolution, effectiveness and agility, as well as proximity to home. Conclusion: It is common for women
to delay seeking treatment because of gender-related responsibilities, and when they do it, they prefer to choose
more resolute services.

Summary This indicator describes the income generated from the provision of Adult Social Care services by every Local Authority in England since 2011. Adult Social Care services income is calculated from any sales, fees and charges, as well as other types of income that are associated with delivering such services. Technical description The indicator was compiled from annual revenue outturn estimates of Local Authority (LA) revenue expenditure and financing. The Adult Social Care services income is calculated from the sum of a) sales, fees and charges and b) other types of income generated by these services, and thus does not include central government funding, capital gains or council tax. Income values are expressed in thousands (£) and presented on the basis of financial years, i.e. from April 1st to March 31st. Since some services are provided in Upper Tier and others in Lower Tier LAs, individual income figures from Upper Tier LAs were distributed to Lower Tier LAs based on annual population ratios (indicator FIN_07_39L), and Lower Tier LA income was distributed to Upper Tier LAs by aggregating (indicator FIN_07_39U). Income values from historic LA geography have been referenced to the 2018 LA geography. This includes changes in name/codes, merges, or splits of old LAs to new LAs based on population ratios for that year. The services income generated is expressed as the total amount as well as per adult, for direct comparisons. However, annual figures were not adjusted for inflation.

The senior population is multiplying by the millions! In fact, during the next 25 years, the senior population in America is expected to double ? growing faster than the total population in every state. This means one thing: a tremendous opportunity for aspiring and compassionate entrepreneurs. From providing adult daycare or homecare to transportation or concierge needs, this guide covers today's most requested services within the 65-and-older market. Readers learn, step by step, how to choose the right opportunity for them, legally and financially establish their business, acquire licenses a

This article explores recent developments in the modernisation of adult social care through the lens of changes to English day services. Drawing on wider policy debates, it argues that Disabled Peoples' Movement and governmental ideas on self-directed support, although superficially similar, are growing increasingly apart. It is argued that in the absence of adequate funding and exposure to organisations of disabled people, day service recipients risk moving from a position of enforced collectivism to an enforced individualism characteristic of neo-liberal constructions of economic life.

Purpose
In care homes concerns about abuse have established a culture where all information pertaining to a person must be shared, and little attention is paid to privacy in its broader sense. The purpose of this paper is to take a human rights perspective and consider how information governance may impact on the health, well-being and quality of life of residents. It proposes a proactive approach and presents a template for a privacy impact assessment which services could use to improve their approach to privacy, protecting the human rights of those in their care, contributing to their independence and improving outcomes.


Design/methodology/approach
A review of historical and current thinking about the value of privacy in human services and wider society leads to a series of challenges to the way in which privacy is upheld in residential care services.


Findings
Recent preoccupations with data privacy have led to a myopic neglect of broader considerations of privacy. Whilst it continues to be important to protect the confidentiality of personal data and to ensure that residents are protected from abuse, human services that provide 24 hour care in congregated settings must not neglect broader components of privacy.


Research limitations/implications
Privacy impact assessments have been widely used to check whether data privacy is being upheld. The broader concept that might be termed "Big Privacy" is introduced within which data privacy is but one section. It is suggested that big privacy is severely compromised in residential care settings, thus denying residents their human right to privacy. The extent of such violation of rights should be investigated.


Practical implications
Having set out the potential reach of the human right to privacy, important work needs to be done to find out how privacy might be upheld in the real world of congregate residential care. Some service providers may have solutions to the organisational challenges, have addressed staff training needs and revised risk assessment strategies so that privacy is upheld alongside other rights.


Social implications
Nearly half a million people live in congregate residential care settings in England, and deprivation of privacy is argued to be a significant deprivation of human rights. Occasional tragedies and scandals in congregate settings create pressure for increasing the level of surveillance, and the right to privacy is sacrificed. This paper offers a challenge to this process, arguing that competing rights need to be balanced and privacy is an essential component of a decent quality of life.


Originality/value
Personal growth and development depends to some extent on choice and control over access to privacy. Recent changes in the law regarding data protection have narrowed our thinking about privacy until it is a small concept, largely concerned with data handling. This paper invites consideration of big privacy, and invites congregate residential care settings to consider how a deep and broad definition of privacy could transform these services.

The characteristics and causes of adult abuse are under‐researched, so the opportunity to make recommendations for practice has been limited. Action to prevent or minimise abuse in care settings has to be informed by a reasoned view of causation if it is to be effective. This article describes a model of care quality and explores its relevance to abuse within professional care services.

This paper centres on a neglected area of social work with older people—the social inclusion of older lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) adults in long-term care environments. The translation of equality law into the delivery of adult care services is a challenging endeavour for organisations, even more so in the morally-contested terrain of sexual wellbeing. In this paper we report findings from a mixed method study into the provision of long-term care for older adults who identify as LGB. Herein we present findings from a survey of care workers and managers (n=121) and from focus groups with equality and LGB stakeholder representatives (n=20) in Wales. Focussing on the current knowledge and understanding of staff, we suggest that affirmative beliefs and practices with sexual minorities are evident amongst care workers and managers, however the inclusion of LGB residents needs to be advanced systemically at structural, cultural and individual levels of provision. There is a need for enhancing awareness of the legacy of enduring discrimination for older LGB people, for cultural acceptance in care environments of older people's sexual desires and relationships, and for a more explicit implementation of equality legislation. Social workers in adult care can advance this agenda.