A Zambezia article on political interest groups. ; Any survey of political behavior in South Africa, ought to begin with a consideration of the role of pressure groups or interest groups. The term "interest group" is to be preferred to "pressure group" because the latter has tended, inter alia, to become a term of abuse, consequently losing some of its scientific potency.5 Once the interest group analysis has been made, it then becomes possible to judge the party system, and, finally, the reaction of global governmental authority to the various pressures.
Council of Ministers, Fifth Ordinary Session, Accra, October 1965 ; The preambles to the UN Convention and the OAU Draft Convention relating to the status of refugees in Africa are not identical in content though similar in aim or spirit since that of the OAU Draft Convention had to be formulated in such a way as to conform with the requirements of the OAU and the African political atmosphere.
Contents: PART ONE: Four Approaches to Integration -- 1. Four Approaches to Integration -- 2. The Pluralist Thesis: International transactions and the concept of Community-- 3. Harnessing Power: The Federalist Blueprint -- 4. Functionalism: Dissolving the nation-state in universal welfare functions -- 5. Dynamics of a melting-pot of roles and interest politics: the Neo-functionalist Approach -- 6. Limitations of theory: a framework analysis 1 -- 7. Limitations of theory: a framework for analysis 2 -- PART TWO: The politics of unity among African States – Introduction -- 8. Ideology of a movement: The Pan-Africanist perspective -- 9. From Conflict to Organizational Compromise -- 10. Federalism, Functionalism and Pluralism in the African Politics of Integration: The Addis Ababa Compromise -- 11. The Charter -- 12. The entrenchment of Pluralism and the functionalist alternative - Regionalism versus Union Government -- 13. Evolution through problems - the changing face of African Integration -- 14. 1970 – 1976: The Beginnings of a new phase -- 15. The ECA. Regional Cooperation and the functionalist foundations of African Integration -- 16. The Economic Community of West African States and others -- 17. Summary: African Integration in an analytical
A Zambezia conference paper on South African racial policy during the apartheid governments of the early 1970's. Conference paper delivered at Symposium on Race in Southern Africa, University College Rhodesia, 1972. ; It is almost an impossible assignment to treat, in a single paper, in a competent and satisfactory manner, so difficult and complex a subject as South Africa's racial policy; and the magnitude of the assignment is only matched by what could perhaps justifiably be called the unforgivable presumptuousness on the part of a person who makes the attempt. I must therefore ask for your indulgence and tolerant understanding for the many examples of incompleteness — the many gaps, in time and in substance — that will undoubtedly be evident in this presentation.
Bibliography: p. [84]-87. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; ALDERMAN: With: Minutes of the proceedings of the Greenville Ladies' Association in Aid of the Volunteers of the Confederate Army. Durham, N.C. : Duke University Press, 1937. ; 2
Rev. version of a paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Conference of Black Political Scientists, Washington, D.C., May, 1971. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 2
This study deals with the political and economic development of Tanzania since its independence in December 1961. It covers the major problems which have been encountered in the struggle towards the realization of a socialist society in an agriculturally backward economy.
Scrapbook of newsclippings assembled by Reverend Black, predominantly about San Antonio local politics, city council candidates, political issues involving the East side and West side of the city, Reverend Black's own political campaigns, and community action groups.
Scrapbook includes newsclippings; telegrams , cards, and letters of congratulations from community members and state and local politicians; ephemera from community events, such as Reverend Black's narration of a San Antonio Symphony event honoring Abraham Lincoln.
Scrapbook of newsclippings assembled by Reverend Black, predominantly about San Antonio local politics, city council candidates, political issues involving the East side and West side of the city, Reverend Black's own political campaigns and initiatives, work on the death penalty, and community action groups. Also included are clippings about the death of Garlington Jerome "G.J." Sutton [1909-1976].
The M. H. Ross Papers contain information pertaining to labor, politics, social issues of the twentieth century, coal mining and its resulting lifestyle, as well as photographs and audio materials. The collection is made up of five different accessions; L2001-05, which is contained in boxes one through 104, L2002-09 in boxes 106 through 120, L2006-16 in boxes 105 and 120, L2001-01 in boxes 120-121, and L2012-20 in boxes 122-125. The campaign materials consist of items from the 1940 and 1948 political campaigns in which Ross participated. These items include campaign cards, posters, speech transcripts, news clippings, rally materials, letters to voters, and fliers. Organizing and arbitration materials covers labor organizing events from "Operation Dixie" in Georgia, the furniture workers in North Carolina, and the Mine-Mill workers in the Western United States. Organizing materials include fliers, correspondence, news articles, radio transcripts, and some related photos. Arbitration files consist of agreements, decisions, and agreement booklets. The social and political research files cover a wide time period (1930's to the late 1970's/early 1980's). The topics include mainly the Ku Klux Klan, racism, Communism, Red Scare, red baiting, United States history, and literature. These files consist mostly of news and journal articles. Ross interacted with coal miners while doing work for the United Mine Workers Association (UMWA) and while working at the Fairmont Clinic in West Virginia. Included in these related files are books, news articles, journals, UMWA reports, and coal miner oral histories conducted by Ross. Tying in to all of the activities Ross participated in during his life were his research and manuscript files. He wrote numerous newspaper and journal articles on history and labor. Later, as he worked for the UMWA and at the Fairmont Clinic, he wrote more in-depth articles about coal miners, their lifestyle, and medical problems they faced (while the Southern Labor Archives has many of Ross's coal mining and lifestyle articles, it does not have any of his medical articles). Along with these articles are the research files Ross collected to write them, which consist of notes, books, and newspaper and journal articles. In additional to his professional career, Ross was adamant about documenting his and his wife's family history in the oral history format. Of particular interest are the recordings of his interviews with his wife's family - they were workers, musicians, and singers of labor and folk songs. Finally, in this collection are a number of photographs and slides, which include images of organizing, coal mining (from the late 19th through 20th centuries), and Appalachia. Of note is a small photo album from the 1930s which contains images from the Summer School for Workers, and more labor organizing. A few audio items are available as well, such as Ross political speeches and an oral history in which Ross was interviewed by his daughter, Jane Ross Davis in 1986. All photographic and audio-visual materials are at the end of their respective series. ; Myron Howard "Mike" Ross was born November 9, 1919 in New York City. He dropped out of school when he was seventeen and moved to Texas, where he worked on a farm. From 1936 until 1939, Ross worked in a bakery in North Carolina. In the summer of 1938, he attended the Southern School for Workers in Asheville, North Carolina. During the fall of 1938, Ross would attend the first Southern Conference on Human Welfare in Birmingham, Alabama. He would attend this conference again in 1940 in Chattanooga, Tennessee. From 1939 to 1940, Ross worked for the United Mine Workers Non-Partisan League in North Carolina, working under John L. Lewis. He was hired as a union organizer by the United Mine Workers of America, and sent to Saltville, Virginia and Rockwood, Tennessee. In 1940, Ross ran for a seat on city council on the People's Platform in Charlotte, North Carolina. During this time, he also married Anne "Buddie" West of Kennesaw, Georgia. From 1941 until 1945, Ross served as an infantryman for the United States Army. He sustained injuries near the Battle of the Bulge in the winter of 1944. From 1945 until 1949, Ross worked for the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers, then part of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), as a union organizer. He was sent to Macon, Georgia, Savannah, Georgia and to Winston-Salem, North Carolina, where he worked with the United Furniture Workers Union. He began handling arbitration for the unions. In 1948, Ross ran for United States Congress on the Progressive Party ticket in North Carolina. He also served as the secretary for the North Carolina Progressive Party. Ross attended the University of North Carolina law school from 1949 to 1952. He graduated with honors but was denied the bar on the grounds of "character." From 1952 until 1955, he worked for the Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers as a union organizer, first in New Mexico (potash mines) and then in Arizona (copper mines). From 1955 to 1957, Ross attended the Columbia University School of Public Health. He worked for the United Mine Workers of America Welfare and Retirement Fund from 1957 to 1958, where he represented the union in expenditure of health care for mining workers. By 1958, Ross began plans for what would become the Fairmont Clinic, a prepaid group practice in Fairmont, West Virginia, which had the mission of providing high quality medical care for miners and their families. From 1958 until 1978, Ross served as administrator of the Fairmont Clinic. As a result of this work, Ross began researching coal mining, especially coal mining lifestyle, heritage and history of coal mining and disasters. He would interview over one hundred miners (coal miners). Eventually, Ross began writing a manuscript about the history of coal mining. Working for the Rural Practice Program of the University of North Carolina from 1980 until 1987, Ross taught in the medical school. M. H. Ross died on January 31, 1987 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. ; Digitization of the M. H. Ross Papers was funded by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission.
In this powerful and concentrated exam ination of army interventions in African politics, Ruth First produces a general theory of power for independent states which goes a long way towards explain ing why they are so vulnerable to military coups. She gives detailed accounts of the coups in Nigeria,the Sudan and Ghana, and includes material on the role of the army in Algeria and Egypt,showing the kinds of conflict which lead to the situation where the political machinery is short-circuited and guns do the leading. She makes use of interviews, conveying a vivid idea of what a coup means to those involved in it. 'I count myself an African', writes Ruth First,'and there is no cause I hold dearer.' And though she makes harsh judgement on Africa's independent leaderships. her purpose is not to confirm irrational European prejudice but to contribute to the continent's ultimate liberation.
In his monograph, Sir Thomas Fuller divides Rhodes's public policy under three heads - the expansion of the Cape Colony; the federation, or, as it was frequently called, the union of South African States; and the Government of the Cape Colony itself when he became its Premier. Any such divisions are of course merely arbitrary, and merely made for the sake of convenience, for it is obvious that these aspects of his policy were closely inter-related, and, in fact, inter-dependent. For this reason, it is all the more to be regretted that in the Imperialistic fervour which hallows the memory of Rhodes abodes the Empire-builder, or at the other extreme, in the severe condemnation of the Rhodes of the Jameson Raid, the significance of his work as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony is under-estimated or over- looked altogether. The Colony provided the base for his operations in the wider field of South African politics. Without its support, there could have been no Northern development, and in his scheme of South African unity, he believed it the Colony's destiny to play the leading role. Thus during his Premiership, the Franchise changes were introduced as a step towards a common South African Native policy; the Glen Grey Bill was a "Native Bill for Africa"; in regard to railways and customs, the ultimate aim was amalgamation and free trade in South African products as a prelude to political unity. Above all, it was a period of close co-operation between the two sections of the European population in the Colony itself, and it is this aspect of Rhodes's administration with which this thesis is primarily concerned. It has also been necessary to deal at some length with his earlier activities to show how this co-operation became possible, and to trace its effect upon the general trend of his policy after 1890.
The period with which this thesis is concerned is one of vital importance in the history of the old Cape Colony and also of very real significance in the past and future development of the Union of South Africa. It was during this period that the Cape Colony made the tremendous decision to unite with the other South African colonies, and the results of that decision are still with us today, and some, indeed, have not been fully worked out even yet. It was the bad fortune of the Cape Colony to enter Union at a time when she was slowly recovering from the effects of a severe depression. At the time of Union, the Colony had barely become solvent and this financial weakness had placed her in an extremely invidious position during the National Convention. Then too at the meetings of that body she lacked the services of two of her most able politicians, J.H. Hofmeyr and W.P. Schreiner. There are a fair number of secondary works which handle this period. The biographies of the two men mentioned above are examples. But no secondary work has dealt with the period as a subject in itself. It has always been related to a personality, and most of the secondary works are clouded by continual references of a personal nature, which make it extremely difficult for form a clear-cut impartial picture of the period. It is hoped that this thesis may in some small way supply that need. As this thesis is concerned purely with politics in the Cape Colony, no attempt has been made to give a comprehensive description of Merriman's administration or of the work of individual Government departments. For this reason press reports, private papers and biographies have been used, rather than official documents. The latter have, of course, been used to provide statistical information where such proved necessary.
