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An attempt to describe the relationship of the white South African woman to the African, & to examine some aspects of the white woman's intrapsychic response. The description of the field of racial contact is confined to the intimacy of daily life, which implies contact with Africans in the role of servants. The soc situations involved are typically Ur. The care of white infants is frequently in the hands of African F's, who give them the physical contact, warmth, security & rhythmic movement that the white child often lacks from its own mother. Emotional dependence of the mother may produce deep feelings of inadequacy which are expressed as resentment. A double moral code based on the dual mother role begins very early; what the mother forbids in emotional display & bodily activities the `nanny' may permit or initiate. By the time the F child is of Sch-going age she has usually a well-developed ambivalence towards Africans. Personal relationships with Africans are usually repressed during adolescence. Children simply take for granted the essential material services of the servants. The relation of the housewife to her servants is extremely complex & involves the assumption of racial superiority side by side with parental projections, guilt towards a subject people, fear of an alien culture & dependence on African labor for the practical mechanics of living. A brief account of some of the common complaints illustrates the barrier of tensions between black & white adults in the intimacy of the home. Psychol'al consequences are discussed. The customs & habits of the South Africans lay great stress on the principle of duality; this duality is seen to correspond to the cultural & archaic levels of the human psyche. An undiff'iated African mother-complex remains buried in the unconscious & is lived in participation mystique with the African people. The adult F therefore consciously rejects & unconsciously identifies with the African mother-world. When a conflict situation comes to the surface, 'the way to healing is possible through the realization of E. Neumann's dictum that the conception of the unity of the archetypal feminine is one of woman's fundamental experiences.' E. Weiman.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- List of Abbreviations -- 1. Women and the Struggle for Liberation -- 2. Party Politics in the Transition to Democracy -- 3. Women's Integration in Parliament -- 4. Class Structure, Role Differentiation, and Gender Identities -- 5. Institutional and Legislative Transformation -- 6. Implementing Gender: The National Gender Machinery -- 7. The Second Generation: The Future of Women in Parliament -- Methodological Appendix -- Notes -- Works Cited -- Index.

Democratization in Africa: African Views, African Voices -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Background and Purpose of the Workshops -- 1 The Movement Toward Democracy in Africa -- IMPACT OF NEW EXTERNAL ACTORS -- COLONIAL LEGACY AND DEMOCRATIC DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICAN SOCIETIES -- DEMOCRACY AND AFRICAN VALUES -- POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION AND DEMOCRATIZATION -- 2 Transitions to Democracy in Africa -- MODES OF TRANSITION IN AFRICA -- FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGES TO DEMOCRATIC TRANSITIONS -- The Cult of Personality -- Zero-Sum Politics -- The Military -- Managing Ethnicity -- The Role of Women -- PRECONDITIONS FOR DEMOCRACY -- Legal Order and Basic Rights -- Values of Democracy -- Competent State -- ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY -- Committed Minority -- Courage -- 3 Democracy and Governance in Africa -- GOVERNANCE AND AFRICAN POLITICS -- POPULAR PARTICIPATION -- NEED FOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY -- CORRUPTION -- FREEDOM OF INFORMATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS -- DECENTRALIZATION AND DEVOLUTION OF POWER -- MODES OF REPRESENTATION -- 4 Institutions Needed to Sustain Democracy -- CONSTITUTIONS -- RECONSTITUTING THE MILITARY -- INDEPENDENT COMMISSIONS -- TRANSNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC CENTER -- 5 Role of Extra-African Forces in Democratization -- PROBLEMS WITH AID IN AFRICA -- CHALLENGES FACED BY AFRICAN COUNTRIES -- ROLE OF DONORS IN DEMOCRATIZATION -- Assisting Political Change -- Removal of Dictators -- Reduction of Military Assistance -- Promotion of Civic Groups -- Improving Economic Conditions in Africa -- Forgiving Debt -- Reducing Western Trade Protectionism -- Instituting Fiscal Reforms -- Targeting Human Development -- Capital Flight -- Assistance with Institutional Change -- Constitutions -- Critical National Institutions -- The Press -- Civil Service -- Electoral Systems -- Greater Utilization of African Talent.

Mary Kingsley (1862–1900) is one of the best known Victorian women travellers, whose solo adventures in West Africa made her a celebrity in England. This, her second book, published in 1899, was an instant best-seller. She travelled extensively, engaging in trade both to fund her trip and to get to know the African people, rather than merely observing as an outsider. Some of her views were considered controversial - she opposed the attempts by missionaries to impose European culture on native people, and defended polygamy and even slavery. She opposed direct colonial rule, and wanted Africans to have more self-determination. Her observations and interests are wide-ranging, and she showed an acute and sympathetic understanding of West African culture and society. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=kingma