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Biographical Information: Alcuin Loehr was born on October 20, 1927, in St. Cloud to Arnold and Regina (VonBokern) Loehr. He married Shirley Mae Raden on June 10, 1950. Loehr served in the US Navy from 1945 to 147 and then worked for Great Northern Railroad. He was a field man for the DFL, Minnesota commissioner of Veterans Affairs and Stearns County Civil Defense director. Loehr was mayor of the city of St. Cloud from 1970-1980. Loehr ran for state auditor in 1974 but lost in the DFL primary. From 1980-1990 he was administrative aide for the Minnesota Senate. At the time of his death, he was a staff assistant for US Representative Colin Peterson. Loehr died on April 16, 2013, in St. Cloud. Transcript Summary: In oral interview recorded July 12 and July 18, 1977, Al Loehr recounted his entry into politics, his service in a variety of roles helping veterans, and the personalities of politicians in the 1970s as the state transitioned to party designation for legislative candidates. At the urging of Minnesota politician Walter Mondale, Loehr entered politics. He lost his first race, for the state Senate, in 1964, to Republican Keith Hughes. After the 1964 election, Minnesota governor Karl Rolvaag appointed him commissioner of Veterans Affairs. In the 1970 city of St. Cloud mayoral election, Loehr asserted that the city now needed a full-time mayor to address issues facing the area while having an impact on legislative issues. He served as mayor until 1980. During Loehr's tenure as mayor, St. Cloud was named an All-America city, the downtown mall and ring road were built, and the city developed the Municipal Athletic Complex and Whitney Memorial Park. Loehr also discussed the position of state auditor and its authority, which he ran for unsuccessfully in 1974.

National audience The conflict between Alcuin and Théodulfe in 801-802, concerning a refugee clerk in the basil of Saint-Martin, sheds light on the legal and cultural practices of that time. By comparing two types of sources — four letters from Alcuin and the 803 capitulary — the various aspects of this conflict make it possible to make some remarks on the manufacture of the law, as well as on the concept of Carolingian renaissance, which does not seem to have to be generalised to all areas of writing. The relationship between legal norms and social practices will be seen in a different direction from that normally analysed, observing how a norm can be produced from social practice, i.e. how immunity and the right to asylum are redeveloped from this conflict. ; The conflict that opposed in 801-802 Alcuin to Théodulfe, by the way of a clerk refugee in the basilica of Saint-Martin, highlights the legal and cultural practices of this time. Thanks to the crossing of two types of sources – four letters of Alcuin and the capitular of 803 – the different aspects of this conflict allow to formulate some remarks on the making of the Right, as well as on the Carolingian Rebirth notion, that doesn't seem to be generalized to all domains of the writing. Relations between social pratice and legal norms will be considered in the opposite direction that the one usually analyzed, taking in consideration how a norm can be produced from the social practice, that means how the expression of immunity and right of asylum in the capitular of 803 comes from this conflict. ; National audience The conflict between Alcuin and Théodulfe in 801-802, concerning a refugee clerk in the basil of Saint-Martin, sheds light on the legal and cultural practices of that time. By comparing two types of sources — four letters from Alcuin and the 803 capitulary — the various aspects of this conflict make it possible to make some remarks on the manufacture of the law, as well as on the concept of Carolingian renaissance, which does not seem to have to ...

The article examines the epistolary legacy (numbering more than three hundred letters) of Alcuin of York, perhaps the most prominent figure of the so-called Carolingian Renaissance, a famous associate of Charlemagne. Comparison of Alcuin's letters with samples of late antique epistolography makes it possible to trace the degree of continuity of cultural and social practices of pagan Antiquity and the Christian Middle Ages. In addition, reference to Alcuin's correspondence makes it possible to look into the inner world of a Christian intellectual, to get acquainted with the issues and problems that occupy the minds of his contemporaries, to build a scheme of Alcuin's network communication and to understand how far his spiritual influence extended in Europe and with which social layers he communicated. Setting the goal of identifying the characteristic features of the Christian intellectual community at the turn of the VIII—IX centuries on the basis of the analysis of Alcuin's epistolary heritage, the author of the article defines the social and geographical boundaries of the circulation of Alcuin's letters, identifies the succession of his letters from the ancient epistolary tradition, identifies and analyzes the main problems raised in Alcuin's letters. To achieve this goal, the article uses a historical and anthropological approach with elements of semiotic analysis. The succession of Alcuin's correspondence from the traditions of late antique epistolography is reflected, first of all, in the form of letters, the way they were written, and the use of stable rhetorical techniques. At the same time, attention is drawn to the change in the social portrait of the address and, due to this, the expansion of the circle of addressees, which now includes not only representatives of the highest secular and church elite, but also nsufficiently educated and ignoble people, for whom Alcuin acted as a spiritual father and mentor. The analysis of the letters shows that Alcuin's awareness of his responsibility for the fate of the addressees determines the subject matter of the letters, many of which are devoted to explaining the responsibilities of certain members of the Christian community, defining the area of responsibility of the laity and clergy, constructing of the image of an ideal clergyman or a righteous layman.

This paper deals with Alcuin of York's thinking and personality reflected in his letters. It is an analysis of the different types of Alcuin's epistles: doctrinal, friendship, officials (according to his roles as an abbot, a royal court functionary and an educator), and other author's letters. It is possible to discover in these letters many aspects of the political, ecclesiastical and theological matters in the Charlemagne's age as well as a human and personal face of Alcuin of York. ; Este trabajo presenta el pensamiento y la personalidad de Alcuino de York que se refleja en sus cartas. Es un análisis de los tipos diferentes de epístolas de Alcuino: doctrinales, de amistad, oficiales (de acuerdo a sus roles como abad, funcionario de la corte real y educador) y otras cartas del autor. Es posible descubrir en estas cartas varias notas acerca de cuestiones de índole político, eclesiástico y teológico en los años de Carlomagno, así como una faceta humana y personal de Alcuino de York.

This paper deals with Alcuin of York's thinking and personality reflected in his letters. It is an analysis of the different types of Alcuin's epistles: doctrinal, friendship, officials (according to his roles as an abbot, a royal court functionary and an educator), and other author's letters. It is possible to discover in these letters many aspects of the political, ecclesiastical and theological matters in the Charlemagne's age as well as a human and personal face of Alcuin of York. ; Este trabajo presenta el pensamiento y la personalidad de Alcuino de York que se refleja en sus cartas. Es un análisis de los tipos diferentes de epístolas de Alcuino: doctrinales, de amistad, oficiales (de acuerdo a sus roles como abad, funcionario de la corte real y educador) y otras cartas del autor. Es posible descubrir en estas cartas varias notas acerca de cuestiones de índole político, eclesiástico y teológico en los años de Carlomagno, así como una faceta humana y personal de Alcuino de York.

The article addresses the issue of the degree and form of Alcuin's participation in the preparation of the so-called Benedictine reform in the Frankish state. This reform, apparently, was caused by secularisation and the insufficient level of education of monastics at that time. Based on the analysis of Alcuin's works devoted to the topic of improving discipline, correcting morals and raising the level of education of monks ("General Exhortationˮ, "Letter on the Study of Sciencesˮ, letters), the author of the article looks for parallels with the "monasticˮ policy pursued by Charlemagne and tries to identify the degree Alcuin's influence on the transformations being carried out at that moment in the monasteries – both through official documents, and through unofficial correspondence, and through his own deeds. The article proves that Alcuin, in his recommendations to the monks, referred to the early ascetic tradition, not only to the Rule of Benedict, but also to the writings of John Cassian the Roman. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that Alcuin could contribute to the popularisation of the Rule of Benedict in the monasteries, as well as to increase the level of piety and education of the monks through the creation of their own schools, and through the stimulation of rewriting books, and through spiritual mentorship, manifested in his letters.

The medieval period is commonly perceived as particularly misogynistic, yet the culture of the time constructed a case for women that is little known today. This book sets out to demonstrate the existence of substantial profeminine traditions extending back from the Middle Ages to the fourth century. What kind of feminism or otherwise these traditions amount to, and what they contribute to key writers such as Chaucer, Christine de Pizan, and Abelard, are part of theobjectives of this refreshing and readable approach to medieval culture.