Suchergebnisse

The pig husbandry is an important economic sector. In the last decade, major changes have been made. As a result, farmers came together to introduce the "Eco Label pig", meeting the strong consumer and governmental call for high quality, animal friendly and environmentally friendly food. The market for Eco Label food is expected to grow enormously in the next years, asking for the development of an efficient and effective supply chain consisting of farmers, slaughter houses, wholesalers and retailers. We present some mathematical models to support decision making and evaluation of a large number of growth scenario's, using cost minimization given a number of Eco Label conditions.

1998 Summer. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; This thesis gives a historical account of the ethical idea of kindness to animals that is part of the animal husbandry ethic as found in British and American culture. It deals in particular with the philosophy of Thomas Jefferson as the "author", along with Adam Smith, of the American agrarian dream, with special emphasis on the influence of the Christian utilitarian ethic of Francis Hutcheson, a leader of the Scottish Enlightenment in mid-eighteenth century, whose idea of the moral sense influenced both of these men. The modern idea of kindness to animals, or refraining from cruelty to animals, as part of good husbandry, comes from the social humanitarian movement in Britain during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The idea is transformed from the ethic which states that we ought not be cruel to animals because it might in turn lead to cruel treatment of humans into a new ethic which claims we ought to be kind to animals because they are sensitive creatures with a value of their own beyond that of human use. That transformation of the ethic occurs in part as a result of the rise of natural science which gives us a new conception of the anatomical similarities of animals to humans. The discussion about what animals are is highlighted by Descartes' theory of the beast machine in Europe in general and I look at the controversy in detail in England and France especially as the organized church struggles to integrate the new empirical science and the old religion of Christianity. I make the claim that the humanitarian movement which produced the movement for reform in Britain was fueled by the ethical idea of the moral sense which first came to the public's attention through the popular writings of the Earl of Shaftesbury. These ethical ideas of the moral sense were refined and made palatable to ordinary Christians by the work of Francis Hutcheson and other natural theologians of the eighteenth century and written about extensively in the latter part of that century and the early part of the nineteenth in Britain. I survey some relatively unknown (in current scholarship) propagandistic literature of the animal welfare movement in Britain in order to support the claim that it was through a revival of Old Testament texts regarding the kind treatment of animals that the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and others were able to bring about legislative change in England regarding the treatment of domestic animals in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. I also survey some current theological writings on the subject of Christian duty to animals in order to compare the basic ethical assumptions of both centuries' interpretations of the Biblical texts, and suggest that modern problems in animal welfare might still be addressed by these same Biblically based ethical formulas, enlightened by scientific knowledge about animals.

The aim of the study is to analyze the role of animal husbandry and hunting among the Siverians. The database is composed of osteological remains of mammals from 20 residential sites and products that characterize the importance of animal husbandry and hunting. The total number of the sites is 28. Thirteen of the twenty complexes involved in the analysis contain materials on animal husbandry, eight on hunting and 14 allow a complex analysis. Cattle predominated in animal husbandry, small cattle and pigs ranked second to third, horses were approximately 1/10. The age composition of the herd indicates a developed animal husbandry and a good forage base. The tools of animal husbandry confirm tender care and active life-saving use. Hunting depended on game and hunter skills. The most common prey were deer. Fur is represented mainly by fox. Probably some bone arrowheads represent fur hunting. We do not exclude the existence of the bear totem, as well as the importance of the beaver. The ratio of animal husbandry (reproductive form) and hunting (appropriative form) indicates the active use of the gifts of nature not because of the lack of meat from animal husbandry, but because of the rational use of food sources.

Vast tracts of High Asia are utilised for pastoral strategies of survival and the mountainous areas provide livelihoods to herders and their households. Locally adopted and adapted pastoral practices reflect politico-historical and socio-economic changes that are often the result of external intervention. Pastoral prac-tices in the mountain periphery seem to be a vital indicator of change. Two re-gions will receive special attention - the Pamirian Knot and the Tibetan Plateau - in sixteen case studies grounded in the wider framework of. External and internal boundary-making and quite distinct path-dependent developments are reflected in the typology given here. The focus of the case studies is directed towards the variation of experiences in a wider angle, drawing attention to marginalised groups in the mountainous periphery of High Asia.

Ergebnisse einer im Auftrag der GTZ durchgeführten Studie über Tierhaltung und -zucht in Ost-Kalimantan im Rahmen der staatlichen Transmigrationspolitik. Darstellung u.a. der sozialen Gegebenheiten, der Landverteilung, des sozialen Werts der Landwirtschaft sowie der Versorgung mit und Nachfrage nach tierischen Produkten. (DÜI-Xyl)