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"This book explains what corruption is, and how to fight it. Corruption is the use of power in the public sphere for personal gain. Corruption can involve paying a bribe to facilitate a permit application, government contracts for construction or procurement, or by granting special interests influence over government or business proceedings, without cash ever changing hands. The book explores case studies of countries that have successfully managed to stem corruption, and the roles that the judicial system, auditors, ombudspersons, and the media can play in halting corruption. However, Rotberg argues, the essential ingredient to fighting corruption is a leader with the political will to tackle corruption, from whom judges, investigators, and others can take their cues. The book also explores the ways in which technology can stop corruption-moving bureaucratic processes online, for example, eliminates the possibility of being asked for a bribe. The book concludes with a thirteen-step recipe for anticorruption success"--

This article analyzes Chinese corruption in the reform era in terms of policy implementation, selecting the "anticorruption struggle" (1993-97) as a case. The author makes two arguments. First, Chinese anticorruption policy witnessed developments both in content & in implementation process. The content of anticorruption policy became clearer & more specific, & institutional supervisory mechanisms played an increasingly important role in implementation. We can confirm the process of institutionalization in the implementation of anticorruption policy. Second, the anticorruption struggle, however had fatal weaknesses in the implementation process: difficulties in mobilizing local government & party organizations, conflict in terms of policy goals, differences of opinion over anticorruption policy, & factional struggles. Moreover, problems such as the dual leadership of the party & government supervisory apparatuses hampered legal & institutional mechanisms. As a result, anticorruption policy was not successfully implemented in the 1990s. 1 Table. Adapted from the source document.

The chapter proposes a constructivist approach to understanding not only rampant corruption in the Americas but also why Inter-American anticorruption programs have been ineffectual. The rule-oriented constructivism outlined here examines normative & behavioral aspects of corruption; it compares rule structures based on political culture scholarship; & it considers & compares corrupt actions via rational choice theory. The theoretical framework provided is comprehensive & integrative, accounting for a range of agency, structural, & material features. 4 Tables, 46 References. K. Coddon

Explores investigations of political executives and senior officeholders for public corruption, when they are instituted, and factors allowing for their derailment or for successful outcomes; case studies from Australia (Queensland and New South Wales), Italy, Soviet Union, and the US.

Corruption is endemic and pervasive in contemporary China, yet serious attempts at anticorruption enforcement have been periodic in nature, What explains the timing of anticorruption campaigns? Available data, from 1981 to 1997, suggest a plausible correlation between changes in macroeconomic policy and the intensification of anticorruption enforcement. Four major anticorruption campaigns - in 1982, 1986, 1989 and 1993 - coincided with the end of an inflationary peak and the beginning of a macroeconomic austerity period. This article establishes a causal link between anticorruption campaigns and economic austerity rounds, proposing that the aforementioned anticorruption campaigns have been used priarily to combat economic overheating and not corruption itself. That is, during the era of reform, anticorruption enforcement campaigns have functioned as a viable mechanism for reducing over-investment and in so doing, decreasing inflation. (J Contemp China/GIGA)