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В данном исследовании произведена попытка разграничения афористических жанров лезгинского фольклора: народных пословиц, поговорок и загадок. Автором рассматриваются принципы их деления. Объектом исследования являются афористические жанры лезгинского фольклора, поскольку наряду с остальными жанрами устно-поэтического творчества они занимают видное место в фольклоре с присущей им распространенностью повествования. Исследование представляется весьма показательным и в плане выявления специфики и взаимодействия трех жанров, входящих в одну группу: пословиц, поговорок и загадок. Лезгинские пословицы - крупицы мудрости, меткие слова, которые имеют обобщающий характер и заключены в сжатую и выразительную форму. Пословицы имеют определенную структуру и отличаются внутренним художественным единством. Лезгинские поговорки - это меткие образные выражения, которые обогащают разговорную речь, придают ей самобытность, эмоциональную насыщенность; это метафоризация и аллегория без нравоучения. В них в косвенной, скрытой словесной форме говорится о ком-либо или о чем-либо, передается отношение говорящего к сказанному. Загадки - это замысловатые описания какого-либо предмета или явления, созданные с целью испытать сообразительность человека, равно как и с целью раскрыть ему глаза на поэтическую красоту и богатство предметно-вещественного мира. Цель исследования - показать различия между этими жанрами и их общие черты.
This study attempts to distinguish between aphoristic genres of the Lezgin folklore: folk proverbs, sayings and riddles. The author considers the principles for their differentiation. The object of the study is the aphoristic genres of the Lezgin folklore, since, along with other genres of folklore, they occupy a prominent position with their inherent narrative prevalence. The study seems very illustrative in terms of identifying the specifics and interaction of the three discussed genres (proverbs, sayings and riddles) which fall into the same group. The Lezgin proverbs are the grains of wisdom, striking words that have a generalizing character and are enclosed in a concise and expressive form. Proverbs have their own structure and are distinguished by their internal artistic unity. The Lezgin sayings are accurate figurative expressions that enrich spoken language, make it original and emotionally rich; it is metaphorization and allegory without moralizing. These expressions in an indirect, hidden verbal form speak of someone or something and express the speaker's attitude to what is being said. Riddles are poetically intricate descriptions of an object or phenomenon, aiming to test a person's quick wits, as well as to reveal the poetic beauty and richness of the material world. The subject of the study is to show the differences and similarities of these genres.

The present paper aims to analyze the function of the aforistical style in the Maxims and Reflections (Ricordi) of Guicciardini. The analysis focuses on the author's skepticism about the possibility of finding general rules in history and in human actions in general. It will be shown that this approach well harmonizes with the aphoristic style, producing what is considered today as the first modern book of moral and political aforisms. ; Il presente articolo si propone di analizzare la funzione dello stile aforistico nei Ricordi di Francesco Guicciardini. L'analisi si focalizza sullo scetticismo dell'autore riguardo la possibilità di trovare regole generali nella storia e nell'agire umano in generale. Verrà mostrato che questo approccio si armonizza coerentemente con lo stile aforistico, producendo quello che oggi è considerato il primo libro moderno di massime morali e politiche.

In masterpieces of literature of different times and nations, in scientific works, in everyday life – practically in all spheres –we come across vivid, witty, memorable utterances. Some of them are frequently reproduced in speech by a definite number of speakers, others are just seldom quoted, but are not widely used. Such utterances usually express an interesting or unusual idea, convey a moral principle or a unique judgement. No doubt, that such utterances have their creators, but very often they lose their associative connection with the author; but there are also cases when the name of the author and the utterance are closely connected and go side by side. Such utterances are often called aphorisms. In everyday life the word "aphorism" is used to define any laconic and vivid utterance of a well-known author or an anonymous one (including those of folklore origin). The aphorism is a complex phenomenon of human creative activity that belongs both to language and speech. The article deals with the aphorism as a word and a notion and semantic peculiarities and thematic variety of aphorisms in W. Shakespeare's sonnets. The semantics of the aphorisms singled out from W. Shakespeare's sonnets are rich. Sometimes the aphorism taken from the sonnet conveys the main idea of the whole verse, sometimes contradicts it. Practically all of the sonnets deal with such topics as Love, Death, Time, Fame, Immortality, Good and Evil. The biggest thematic groups of the aphorisms analysed in the research are "Love" (32%) and "Human soul. Good and Evil in human soul" (28%). The most insignificant in quantity is the group "Power, wars and politics" (less than 2%). It is also necessary to mention that very often aphorisms as intertextual elements are transformed in this or that way. So, it was taken into consideration in the process of singling out the aphorisms out of the sonnets. ; Статья посвящена результатам изучения семантики и структуры индивидуально-авторских афоризмов в сонетах УильямаШекспира. В основе содержания большинства афоризмов лежат философские понятия Любовь, Время, Смерть, Красота, Искусство, Добро и Зло. В большинстве афоризмов преобладают предметные темы «Любовь» (32%) и «Добро и Зло» (28%). Большинство афоризмов в сонетах трансформировано. Выделены и ранжированы по продуктивности способы встраивания афоризма в текст сонета и основные виды трансформаций, которым подвергаются афоризмы в контексте. ; Статтю присвячено результатам вивчення семантики і структури індивідуально-авторських афоризмів у сонетах Вільяма Шекспіра. Зміст афоризмів ґрунтовано на філософських поняттях Любов, Час, Смерть, Краса, Мистецтво, Добро і Зло. У переважній кількості афоризмів превалюють предметні теми «Любов» (32%) та «Добро і Зло» (28%). Значну частину афоризмів у сонетах трансформовано. Виокремлено й ранговано за продуктивністю засоби вбудовування афоризму в текст сонету й основні різновиди трансформацій, яким піддаються афоризми в контексті.

Attempts have been taken here to unveil the versatile virtuosity and artistry of Manoj Das especially in his literary attempts which walk with an incredible alliance with philosophy underneath the literary vesture. Apart from philosophical facet another significant dimension of his literature is 'psychology', which has well been analyzed here in this article. His c onsciousness about history, psychology and philosophy makes his literature more special. Special care has been taken in order to unveil his art of arresting the attention of readers while reading his text and afterward. Manoj Das' literature is more refined and alert due to his second persona. It has been demonstrated here with some concrete proofs. He is simply a magician in telling tales. He discovers diamond in dust, life in lifeless and cultural consciousness in the thalli of inorganic and organic objects. Another major aspect of his literary approach is the psychological dimension which covers the psychology of the involved character as well as of the readers. In short, his writings have that much potency to arrest the attention of the readers of his story. Another thing with regard to this phenomenon is his ability to convince and kidnap the readers' mind magically with his literary style and approach. Shri Das is culturally, socially, aesthetically, politically, philosophically, psychologically, historically and above all from the humanitarian viewpoint a conspicuously conscious story teller of the time. Dr. Santosh Kumar Nayak "Manoj Das: An Incredible Bridge between Literature and Philosophy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23866.pdf

В статье изучается афористическая сторона политического дискурса в СМИ, рассматриваются его дискурсивные функции и характеристики в газетных статьях политической и экономической направленности. Автор приходит к выводу, что афористичность используется в качестве языкового воздействия в политическом дискурсе в силу специфических характеристик афористических единиц и идиоматических выражений. ; The present article is devoted to the study of aphoristic side of the political discourse, discursive review of its features and characteristics. The article investigates the examples of idiomatic expressions use in the political discourse of mass media for the purpose of creating the aphoristic nature in newspaper articles of political and economic orientation. The author concludes that the aphoristic nature is used as a language influence in the political discourse because of the specific characteristics of aphoristic units and idiomatic expressions.

The article represents aphorism as a short, precise expression that transmits a generalized, complete thought of instructive or cognitive content in a laconic form. The paper reveals that O.Shaigal introduces the term "political aphoristic". Political aphoristic is considered to be language reflexes of political communication, a cultural trace, an active agent of political communication leaves in the language. The concept of "political aphorism" is characterized through the prism of political aphoristic. The article researches the appearance of the term "political aphorism" is associated with N. Bazhalkina. The paper points at the fact that understanding of the term "political aphorism" depends on the interpretation of political discourse. N.Bazhalkina observes that the aphorism reflects the political discourse in the unity of the two sides: the material (events and phenomena belong to the sphere of politics) and the abstract philosophical (reflection of the realities of human existence). The definition of the term "political aphorism" is proposed. The thorough analysis demonstrates that political aphorism criticizes, deeply comprehend social and political events, accumulate public consciousness in a didactic or ironic form, using different ways of expressive means and stylistic devices. According to our understanding, politically conscious versions of the population, such as writers, journalists, public figures etc. Can join the dialogue with the politics in the form of aphorisms. Its semantic content is found. The understanding of social and political life is built in the consciousness of the individual in the system of concepts: "power", "state", "nation", "politics", "democracy", "people", "law" etc. The internal content of aphorisms reflects the actual events of the current political situation. The subsystem of aphoristic is heterogeneous, functioning in a particular system. The following genres are distinguished: aphorism, proverb, maxim, title, slogan, motto, program statement, phrase-symbol, index-phrase. The paper also indicates such functions of political aphorism as modeling, regulatory, didactic, argumentative, regulatory, predictive and expressive etc. ; В статье исследуется лингвистический статус политической афористики, прослеживается становление термина «политическая афористика», устанавливаются особенности его функционирования в политическом дискурсе. Через призму политической афористики определяется понятие «политический афоризм». Акцентируется внимание на том, что определение термина «политический афоризм» зависит от понимания политического дискурса. Предлагается дефиниция понятия «политический афоризм», выясняется его семантическое наполнение. ; У статті окреслено лінгвістичний статус політичної афористики, досліджено появу терміна «політична афористика», виявлено особливості його функціонування в політичному дискурсі. Крізь призму політичної афористики витлумачено поняття «політичний афоризм». Акцентовано, що розуміння поняття «політичний афоризм» залежить від потрактування політичного дискурсу. Запропоновано дефініцію поняття «політичний афоризм», з'ясовано його семантичне наповнення.

By subjecting Nietzsche to a Platonic critique, Altman punctures his "pose of untimeliness" while making use of Nietzsche's own aphoristic style of presentation. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche-named for a Prussian King-is thereby revealed to be the representative philosopher of the Second Reich

▪ Abstract  The motivating engines of intellectual life are not true ideas but interesting ones. This article investigates the aphorism, the purest form of an interesting idea that draws the mind onward. It begins by examining the linguistic style of aphorisms, their reconceptions of experience from deceptive surfaces to more fundamental truths, their psychological and social effects on the vanity and status of their creators and conveyers, and the decline of their conceptual charisma into cliché until a surprising modification restarts the aphorism-cliché cycle. The investigation of aphorisms broadens to their intellectual and cultural contexts by examining their expansion into articles and collection into books, the different aspects of a topic revealed by aphoristic perspectives and scientific sequences, and the similarities (and differences) between aphoristic and postmodern ways of knowing. This article ends with a series of aphorisms on the cognitive substance of alluring knowledge, which distinguish some of the components of interesting ideas.

The Arachnean and Other Texts by Fernand Deligny (1913-1996) is a collection of writings from the second half of the 1970s. Long before the digital age of social networks, meshworks, and digital webs, Fernand Deligny speaks to us in his own autobiographical and aphoristic manner, always experiencing life in the form of "the network as a mode of being

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- List of Abbreviations -- Abraham a Sancta Clara: An Aphoristic Encyclopedia of Christian Wisdom -- Johann Arndt: The Pietist Impulse in Kierkegaard and Seventeenth-Century Lutheran Devotional Literature -- Ludovicus Blosius: A Frightful Satire on Christendom -- Jacob Böhme: The Ambiguous Legacy of Speculative Passion -- Hans Adolph Brorson: Danish Pietism's Greatest Hymn Writer and His Relation to Kierkegaard -- John Calvin: Kierkegaard and the Question of the Law's Third Use

"In the tradition of Roland Barthes' Mythologies and Walter Benjamin's aphoristic Theses on the Philosophy of History, Ed Simon's Furnace of this World is a fragmentary, digressive, impressionistic account of what the radical implications of goodness could possibly be in late capitalism. Furnace of this World interrogates the concept of goodness, while arguing that it's always more interesting and radical than its opposite. With neither hubris nor reductionism, Furnace of this World speaks of what it means to pursue justice in a fallen world."--Amazon.com

Sibiu was in the 19th century an important centre, with a vivid cultural life, despite of the difficult political context in Transylvania. The close cohabitation of the Romanian and German people leads to a very important multicultural experience. The study deals with the ways of reception of German culture in the Romanian press of the 19th century reflected in the three most important publications of the time: Telegraful Român, Tribuna and Transilvania. The results of the research are presented in thematic groups (translations, theatre and concert announcements, reviews, travel literature, aphoristic or biographical writings).