Suchergebnisse

Constitutional reform measures, currently in committee, are going to be brought before voters in an election scheduled to take place in the year 2010. Proposed measures meeting all requirements, including voter approval, will then go into effect at the beginning of 2011. Political science professor Torbjorn Bergman and Magnus Blomgren (Ph.D.) are currently engaged in a project that involves analyzing the constitutional reform process. This project is taking place over a three-year time span, from 2008-2010. While previous research has explored constitutional reform efforts retroactively, Bergman and Blomgren have adopted a unique approach in that they seek to analyze the constitutional reform process while it is in progress. Adapted from the source document.

Swedish political science has been based on a science historian perspective that has been an exciting and dynamic field over the last decade. During that time, I have had an idea for a historical thesis project to study the internal quality assessment in the subject during the previous half century. The project has been empirically based on peer reviews from professor added solutions. Adapted from the source document.

In the extensive media coverage of the general election in 2010, one feature made a particularly lasting impression. Swedish Radio invited seven prominent members of parliament, each prompted to read and reflect upon modernist Gunnar Ekelof's 1941 poem "En varld ar varje manniska" In an attempt to examine a key aspect of the mutual relation between literature and politics, this article analyses the show and its reception in media, identifying the dichotomization of politics and literature as a central characteristic. Literature -- both from a consumer's and a producer's perspective -- is depicted as independent from, and in every way contrasting, everyday political life. I will thus argue that while Ekelof isn't appropriated ideologically in a traditional manner, e.g. using his poems to support a political argument, he (and literature in general) becomes a means to step out of an official position, instead assuming the role of a fellow man. This should in turn be understood as a claim for political legitimacy stemming from the 1800th century European reinterpretation of public relations in intimate terms. Adapted from the source document.

The article is a study of politicians' views on literature based on motions and debates in the Swedish parliament 2000 -- 2010. The aim is to investigate the political agenda for literature and the functions ascribed to literature, reading and books during the period. The first part examines the uses of the concepts literature, reading, and books and these notions are traced into ideology as well as theoretical traditions within literary studies. The ways these concepts are used has political consequences for regulations and support of literature and book trade as a whole. Literature is throughout the period and by most speakers credited with a particular value and becomes a symbol of a better and more democratic world. This utopian vision of literature is significant as it is transformed into real-life politics and regulations. Adapted from the source document.

In 1974, Sweden adopted a new Constitution. In Contrast to the previous one from 1809, which was based on ideas of separations-of-powers and which literally defined the monarch as a powerful political actor, the new constitution placed the parliament (The Riksdag) at the center of political decision making and removed the king from political power. At the time, this removed a huge discrepancy between the letter of the constitution and the "living constitution" which placed emphasis on parliamentary sovereignty of the Westminster type. Hut 35 years later, ideas of separation-of-powers and the necessity of control of suspicious politicians have grown stronger. A constitutional revision in 2010 introduces measures that are akin to what has recently been labeled the Madisonian turn in Western politics. Adapted from the source document.

This article argues that the Left Party now is back where it once started, as a typical left-socialist party. The communist era has definitely been put to an end. Hence it is misplaced to attack the Left Party for having difficulties to adhere to the ideals of democracy. The problem is not that the party does not embrace democracy as a principle. On the contrary, the party may rather be seen as ultra democratic. The Left Party does however have an ambivalent attitude towards democracy, but it is then its practical side that causes problems. During its long communist period, no one invited the party to parliamentary power positions. The party is not used to deal with political power & has adapted to this subordinated position in Swedish politics. But the only way to remain clean is to stay outside. In September 2010 the Swedish people will decide if this is possible. Adapted from the source document.

This article investigates the book series Svenska statsministrar under 100 ar (2010) from a literary point of view. In this box of biographies, the lives of all the Swedish prime ministers from the last hundred years are told in 22 stories. A literary analysis of these linguistic structures makes clear what kind of literature these lives in politics have become in the hands of the 21 authors. The visual and linguistic elements surrounding the stories are analysed, as are the introductory and conclusive texts that frame the biographical accounts. The ways in which the prime ministers' personal backgrounds and careers are told are studied in comparison with literary models. The story patterns structuring the separate volumes and the whole series are studied, as well as the different narrators in the biographies. The aim of the investigation is to shed light upon the literary techniques used to represent separate prime ministers' personal lives, political efforts and the historical periods in which they lived and worked, as well as what conceptions of life, politics and history these techniques create. Adapted from the source document.

The formation of a green party in Sweden, "Miljopartiet De Grona", in 1981, can be explained as a result of the established party system's failure to handle a change of zeitgeist in an ecological direction, & most of all the political trauma arising from the focal point of Swedish environmental protest, the popular referendum on Nuclear Power 1980. Initially, Miljopartiet De Grona originally was organized as an alternative, non-hierarchical party, without a distinct party leadership & an with an ultrademocratic ideal. The party failed to achieve the 4 percent necessary to enter parliament in the elections of 1982 & 1985, but in 1988 it finally established itself in the Swedish Riksdag. Since then, Miljopartiet has step by step changed in the direction of a more "normal" political party. In 2002 they were allowed as a semi-coalition partner of the Social Democrats & the formerly communist Left Party. Still eager to be an alternative party, Miljopartiet will, perhaps, enter a red-green government after the election in autumn 2010. If so, they have in 30 years managed to move from "alternative exclusion" to what may be labeled "included alternativism.". Adapted from the source document.

El presente documento pretende aproximarse a lo que en Latinoamérica se ha venido manifestando como desarrollo, visto desde una perspectiva regional que incita a la construcción epistemológica desde los procesos de base; además, se pretende avizorar la construcción de tejido social descentralizado, cultural y ambiental, con herramientas propias del poblador rural, las cuales utiliza cotidianamente y con las que se reivindica con la tierra, el territorio y su identidad. Así, una de las acciones que se ajustan al desarrollo rural son las prácticas agroturísticas por parte de las campesinas de la Requilina, vereda ubicada en la localidad de Usme de la ciudad de Bogotá; un caso particular donde se desencadenan factores importantes de participación ciudadana, gestión pública y desarrollo social y rural, que permiten la creación de nuevos actores comprometidos con la reivindicación de la identidad campesina, el fomento de nuevos mercados alimentarios y la legitimación del territorio rural en la lucha contra la expansión urbana. La sistematización de experiencias evidencia cada uno de los procesos encaminados desde el año 2010 en los procesos del turismo rural comunitario, para así lograr un sustento del trabajo comunitario dentro en la académica y la generación de saberes.

En el trabajo se determina la relación entre el aumento o no de los reportes de tornados en Cuba y el avance de la tecnología celular en el país, así como el impacto social de estos fenómenos, mediante dos casos de estudios ocurridos en Cruces y La Habana. Se analizó la tendencia que han tenido los tornados en Cuba durante el período 1991-2020, desglosado por años, meses y provincias de ocurrencia, con una estadística descriptiva. La tendencia de formación de tornados ha ido en descenso, sin embargo, la última década (2010-2020) mostró un aumento de reportes de este fenómeno. Se evidenció una clara variación estacional en el período estudiado, el 82 % del total de reportes ocurrió en el trimestre mayo-julio. Aunque actualmente existe un ligero incremento en el nivel de conciencia social, el estudio demuestra que debe elevarse el nivel de conocimiento, preparación y percepción de riesgos en los ciudadanos. Los resultados de este trabajo resultan de gran utilidad para los meteorólogos sinópticos y climatólogos, pues la tendencia y anomalías que muestran los tornados en Cuba, tributan al estudio de la variabilidad climática y los pronósticos a corto plazo, así como a una mayor resiliencia a estos fenómenos.

This article deals with the allez and retour provisions (Claes 2005: 84 f) of the Swedish constitution in relation to IU membership. What are the rules governing the transfer of sovereignty to the Union? And what are the provisions for assessing the constitutionality of the incoming tide of Union law into the domestic legal order? I have three objects in this essay. First, to describe how these two groups of constitutional rules were actually modified in the 2010 revision of the 1974 Instrument of Government. 1 find that neither was changed in any material way. Second, to try to explain the apparent reluctance of the parties involved to clarify the constitutional implications of EU membership. I find that this reluctance is rooted in a belief that European integration is not furthered if the rules contained in the allez and retour provisions are made stricter and more precise. Third, to confront a question conspicuously omitted by the parties in their revision: namely, by what criterion should the allez. and retour provisions be intertwined, if an optimum of hi-level constitutionalism is to be achieved? I argue that, in the end, the underlying issue is whether Swedish citizens want to see the principle of free movement applied as widely as possible. Do they want this principle to be applied across the board? Or would they prefer instead to restrict its application to the case of capital and goods, thus leaving them free to structure the labour market and welfare state as they themselves see fit? Adapted from the source document.

Rysslands doktrinella hierarki fungerar utan arenaspecifika doktriner. Det finns ett övergripande säkerhetsstrategiskt dokument, direkt underställt detta dokument finns den militära doktrinen. Ändå utformades 2001 en maritim doktrin som skall behandla det maritima läget och rysslands ekonomiska intressen på haven fram till år 2020. Varför denna doktrin utformades kan ha sitt svar i Rysslands ökade maritima intresse i och kring ryskt havsterritorium, men det kan även vara ett sätt att visa sina officiella ställningstaganden, intressen och intentioner öppet för världssamfundet. 2010 publicerades ett nytt säkerhetsstrategiskt dokument och samma år offentliggjordes även den nya militäradoktrinen. Det utformades i samma veva även en strategisk Arktisk doktrin som tillkännagav Rysslands intentioner och intressen i denna nya och oexploaterade region som tack vare jordens förhöjda medeltemperatur de senare åren har öppnat upp nya områden. Många nationer har blivit intresserade av detta nya område, bland annat USA, Kanada, Danmark och Norge. Detta har i sin tur skapat en grogrund, för tvister om gränsdragningar och om vem som har rätten till resursextraheringen i området. Det som detta arbete kommer att avhandla är, vad den äldre ryska maritima doktrinen har haft för inverkan påde senare utvecklade doktrinerna. Vad finns det för skillnader, likheter och vilka punkter har höjts till en merbeslutad nivå? Utifrån dessa kriterier kommer sedermera en estimering, om vad dessa variabler kan ha förinverkan, på ryska marinstridskrafters uppträdande i Arktis regionen i ett framtidsperspektiv. ; Russian doctrine on set hierarchy works without specific arena doctrines. There is a comprehensive security strategy document, and as a direct subordinate to this document is the military doctrine. Yet in the year of 2001 a maritime doctrine was developed to deal with the maritime situation and Russia's economic interests in the seas until 2020. Why this doctrine was designed might have its answer in Russia's increased interest in maritime ...