Suchergebnisse

The concept of time in ancient Greek belief = Aion; It is a term used to express life span and eternal life. Within the concept of time, this concept, which expresses the duration of human life and the time and eternity before the beginning of everything, is not depicted in any kind of art until the Late Hellenistic period. Influenced by Egyptian and Persian beliefs, he was reflected in Greek art as a syncretic god. After this period, he began to be depicted as a human-shaped creature with the head of a lion and wings on his shoulders. He usually holds a scepter and a key in his hands with a snake entwined with him or his body. It has been a matter of debate to definitively consider these depictions as Aion. However, we come across depictions that we can define as Aion in the Roman Imperial Period. In almost all depictions, he is personified as a male figure with bushy and gray hair, old or young, usually holding the zodiac circle in one hand, as well as a globe, papyrus roll, and horn of fertility. The personification of Aion, which appeared in the art of this period, was used to propagate the eternity and eternality of the Empire.

Reaction through art, observed among the 20th century artistic movements, can result in artistic works in which animals are made the object of violence. The objections caused by these works sometimes make people question what art is and its value, and sometimes result in legal interventions. It is the forms of expression in contemporary art where idea gets ahead of physical production. In such an atmosphere, 'philosophy of art activities that question what art is' have become almost equivalent to artistic production. However, the controversial works make the concepts of ethics, law or public influence determine what art can or cannot be. In the background of all these developments, advances in the field of biology blurred the boundaries between animals and humans. After such developments, through which the anthropocentric thought system has lost its power, the position of animals in the system will also change. The reappraisal of animals will fundamentally affect the behavior of the human species towards them, undoubtedly. In such a system where the determinants of the concept of ethics are redefined, objectification of animals will not be ethical as before. In this regard, art can no longer be separated from other fields. When the determinant of the boundaries of art is a non-art field, the discussions within the field lose their meaning. This study aims to investigate the limits of contemporary art by examining the reactions to the selected examples of artists whose ways of including animals in their productions are criticized.

Evren üzerinde yaratılan ilk kadının Havva olduğunun sanılması gibi, âdemoğlunun hikâyesinde de yaradılışın Âdem ve Havva ile başladığı sanılmaktadır. İnsanlığın saklı tarihi olan ilk kadının yaradılışı, bilinen tarih metinlerinde önemsenmemiş fakat bütün mitlerde ortak olarak var olmuştur. Karşılaştırmalı olarak incelendiğinde, bütün yaradılış efsanelerinin aynı kaynağa dayanmakla birlikte ilk yaradılış mitlerinin semavi dinlerde yer alması da tesadüfi değildir. Kadim toplumların bahsettiği ve inandığı olguların, ilahi kaynaklarda da yer alması ilk yaradılış hadisesini doğrulamaktadır. Yahudi episodları, Sümer kil tabletleri, diğer tüm mitlere ve Kutsal kitaplara göre yaradılış ilk olarak Âdem ve Havva ile değil, Âdem ve Lilithle gerçekleşmiştir. Dolayısıyla Âdem'in ilk eşi yine kadın olmakla birlikte Havva değil, Lilith'dir. Kadının yaratılmasındaki ilk figür olan Lilith, evrenin ilk kadını ve dünyadaki anaerkil yapının da ilk tanrıçasıdır. Lilith, birçok inanışta farklı kimliklerde yer alarak tarihsel süreçte büyük bir rol oynamış, birçok kültürde kendine yer bulmuş ve kadim geleneklerden popüler kültüre dek birçok alanda halen rol oynamaktadır. Bu denli önem taşımasına rağmen, iblis yönünden ötürü Lilith'e duyulan korku onun insanlık tarihinde kendine çok az yer bulabilmesine ve efsanevi kimliğine sıkıştırılmasına yol açmıştır. Lilith, Yahudi inancındaki tasvir yasağından dolayı Yahudiliğin içinde doğan Hristiyan inanışında, kendine yer bulabilmiş oldukça ve önemli bir konumda olmuştur. Buna göre Lilith, Âdem'in hem ilk eşidir ve hem de Âdem ve Havva'nın cennetten kovulmasına neden olan şeytandır. Lilith, kil tabletlerden yağlıboya tablolarına dek sanatın çeşitli alanlarında ilgi görmüş olmakla birlikte baskın kimliği resim sanatında Cennetten Kovulma- İlk Günah ve Venüs sahnelerinde işlenmiştir. Hristiyan öğretilerinin yazılı anlatımlardan daha önce resim sanatı yoluyla aktarıldığını göz önüne aldığımızda Yaradılış hadisesi ve Cennetten Kovulma sahnelerinin öğretici işlev üstlendiği dönemlerden bu yana Lilith'in sıkça karşılaştığımız fakat gerekilen önemi görmemiş olan bir kimlik olduğu sonucuna varabiliriz.

Tahakküm ilişkisi, bir mülke sahip olma arzusu ve o mülk içinde bulunan canlıların hakimiyetini kısıtlama anlamlarına gelmektedir. Toplumsal alanın her anında türcü ideolojiyle karşılaşan hayvanlar, tahakküm ilişkisinin en çok sömürüye maruz bırakılanlarıdır. Bu tahakküm ilişkisi, sanat türlerinden biri olan video sanatında da kendine yer bulmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı, insan merkezci anlayışın hayvan türüne yönelik oluşturduğu tahakküm ilişkisini, video sanatı bağlamında ele alabilmektir. Bu doğrultuda öncelikle, tahakküm kavramı ve insan-hayvan ikiliğindeki tahakküm ilişkisi ele alınacaktır. Tahakkümün sanat alanındaki görünürlüğü açıklanarak, eleştirel söylem analiziyle video sanatı örnekleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Örneklem olarak; Shot Dog, Death of a Chicken, Felt is the Past Tense of Feel, A Little Death, Dogs That Chat Touch Each Other ve Don't Trust Me adlı video çalışmaları seçilmiştir. Ortaya koyulan video çalışmalarının insan merkezci bakış açısıyla oluşturulduğu ve bu çalışmalarda hayvanların yaşamlarına yönelik kararların sanatçılar tarafından verildiği görülmüştür. Dolayısıyla hayvan türünün nesnelere dönüştürülmesi, insan-hayvan ikiliğindeki tahakküm ilişkisini açığa çıkarmaktadır.

The original print painting has survived to the present day by changing with the progress of societies and time in the historical process. The development of technology has led to the use of the art of printmaking only for individual or educational purposes in schools. Today, 3D printing production techniques emerge as a new field in both design and production areas. Thanks to the convenience it offers, an alternative art creation tool emerges for designers. Using 3D printing with different disciplines, it creates diversity in the name of design and art. Thanks to the renewed technological developments, it contributes to its development by taking a new field into its sphere of influence every day. In the study, historical and general information about the art of printmaking is included, and the transition processes to 3D printing technology are discussed and compared. In addition, the transition processes and applications to 3D printing systems were examined. Qualitative research method will be used in the research. By making a literature review, the studies on the subject will be discussed and interpreted. This method covers the comparison of original print painting and 3D printing technology by referring to the point they have reached.

According to Plato, a good state administration ("best"/ideal state) can only be combined with a good society ("best"/ideal society), and a good society can only be achieved with a good education ("best"/ideal education). He saw it as possible: "It must be able to be turned towards the most luminous aspect of existence, the direction we call -good-, right? Yes, education is the art of turning this power of the soul - for the good - and finding the easiest and most unfailing way for it. Education only leads him to the good side. It is up to us, the founders of the state, to lead people towards the knowledge of what we regard as the highest, to bring them out of the darkness into the light" (p.236-237). Since education is an idea-based and therefore an "ideological device" (Althusser, 2010), it acts as a kind of bridge between the state and society (Wiborg, 2000). This is the importance of analyzing Plato's Republic in terms of education policies.

13 glass artifacts, evaluated within the scope of this study, were found from a chamber tomb unearthed in 2010 in the necropolis area of the Neapolis Ancient City, located within the borders of Yazıkent Town, Bozdoğan District, in today's Aydın Province. Among the mentioned works, there are various examples such as bowls, unguentariums and glasses, most of them; Conical body, pear-shaped body, miniature spherical body, tube-shaped and candelabra (bell) body, which is divided into various sub-types, form the vessel called unguentarium. The earliest example among the Neapolis artifacts is the bowl produced by mold making, which is understood to belong to the Hellenistic Period. All of the artifacts, except the bowl, were made by using the free blowing technique, which is thought to have originated in Syria in the 1st century BC. The works evaluated in this context; They were grouped typologically and dated as a result of analogical evaluations made with known examples in ancient glass art. It is understood that among the artifacts produced in a wide range of dates from the middle of the 2nd century BC to the 3rd century AD, especially the unguentariums are associated with burial rituals.

One of the most important topics of Christianity is the Last Judgment. The Byzantines, as a Christian society, showed great interest to this subject and produced many pieces of art depicting it. This scene consists of several themes coming together. Among the most important themes of the scene is Abraham and Hades's Bosom. Using these themes, the artists have kept the event alive in the minds of people about what will happen in the afterlife. While Abraham's Bosom is depicted to the right of Jesus as the area where those who found salvation are located, Hades's Bosom is located on his left side and those, who will face their punishment are seen there. The artists depicted the scenes in connection with each other. However, there is an important difference here. While Abraham's Bosom is an intermediate form for those who will attain salvation, Hades's Bosom has been the part of eternal fire. To make the picture more dramatic and remarkable, the painter depicted the lake of fire with the dragon of Hades swallowing the dead. Thus, the viewer can now clearly see what kind of suffering human beings will face in afterlife. The artists created a contrast between the two themes by using many permeable structures and transferred this to the paintings.

Many cultural assets unearthed in archaeological excavations, elements that make up the culture of the settled communities such as technology, art, economy and, if any, can be revealed through written sources. However, in the case of nomadic communities, there is a prejudice that temporary shelters made of lightweight materials are "invisible communities" defined by only a small number of material items available for transportation. As a result of these prejudices, the nomadic culture has been tried to be understood either through negative elements in the settlements, written sources written by the settlers, or through ethnoarchaeological research. In the Archeology Department of Atatürk University Social Sciences Institute, under the supervision of Proffesor Dr Mehmet Işıklı, the "Archaeological Evidence of Nomadic Culture in the Southeast Anatolian Region: An Ethnoarchaeological Study" one of the important questions encountered during the studies carried out within the scope of the doctoral thesis titled " to what extent modern nomadic communities will reflect the cultures of the ancient period" has been.
In this article, the question "what is culture" was chosen as the first step to start looking for answers to all these unknowns and questions, within the framework of the great transformations of humanity in the transition to a production economy, the elements that make up the culture were examined, and the elements of culture were discussed through the answers given by different scientists to this question.

The holy persons (saints), who have an important place for Byzantine Art and Christianity, have been kept alive in depictions, religious buildings, temples and churches in Anatolia and Europe since early times. The fact that the information about the lives of these saints, who are described as the representatives and servants of God on earth, is missing in the Turkish literature, has been effective in recent studies in this field. After the studies on doctor saints, reaching very little data about these three women saints is an important deficiency for those who study Byzantine medicine and saint lives. With this study, data on the lives of doctor saints were compiled and new information was brought to the literature by evaluating their lives, lifestyles and the location of their graves. The study was supported with new records and finds, and a suggestion was made about the school where the saints were educated. It was tried to determine the place of the saints in the Christian world by discussing the accuracy of some claims. These saints, who are considered as "Mothers of Medicine", should be given the necessary dedication in the society. Although the data about these three saints are scarce, it is considered worthy to be researched and introduced with their exemplary lives and aspects, as they are prominent professionally. The belief that the continuation of their cults in the places they live and the belief that the region will also contribute to faith tourism makes it necessary to think and research on the subject.

Çok uluslu büyük birlikteliklerin ardından ortaya çıkan siyasal yapılar biricik uluslarının meşruiyeti için uzak mazide kayıp tarihlerini bulma arayışına girişir. Bu girişim neticesinde ortaya konulacak koloni öncesi görkemli bir egemenlik anlatısı ulus inşasının yanı sıra güncel sorunların çözümü ve gelecek beklentilerinin gerçekleşmesi için bir motivasyon unsuru oluşturur. Bu işleyişte tarih, bilgi alanı olmaktan ziyade ulusal bir pekiştirece indirgenir. Bu pragmatik işlevsellikle politik bir misyon edinen tarihyazımı atinin köklerini mazide arayıp bulmak için araçsal bir niteliğe bürünür.
Sovyetler Birliği'nin tarihsel fonksiyonu ve misyonu son bulduktan sonra Birlik üyesi cumhuriyetler art arda bağımsızlıklarını ilan etti. Ulus devlet temelinde yükselen bu siyasal bağımsızlıkların meşruiyeti için öncelikle kolonyal tesirlerden arınmak gerekiyordu. Bu amaçla başlanılan dekolonizasyon sürecinde ulusların inşa/icat süreci için harekete geçildi. Cumhuriyetler kendilerini kimi zaman itibari bir etnisite kimi zaman da yurttaşlık temelinde özgün bir ulus yaratma uğraşı içinde buldu. Bu inşada koloni sonrası ulus kurgusunun temel belirleyicisi konumunda bulunan tarihe hem iç hem de dış cephede çok fazla anlam yüklendi. Bu koşullar altında Sovyet sonrası alanda tarihyazımı -Sovyet döneminde olduğu gibi- politik bir aparata dönüştü.
Çiçeği burnunda cumhuriyetler Sovyet sonrası ulus inşa sürecinde kolonyal zihniyetin pratiklerinden kurtulmaya çalışsa da her biri kendi iç dinamiklerine bağlı olarak teritoryal düşünüşün yörüngesinden uzaklaşmakta zorlandı. Bu, biraz da cumhuriyetlerin konjonktürel durumlar karşısında tercih ettikleri siyasal seçimlerle ilgiliydi. Her cumhuriyet kendi özel durumuna göre ya ulusun geçmişini ya da ülkenin tarihini araştırma konusu edinerek ön plana çıkardı. Bu seçim tarihyazımının sınırlarını da belirlemiş oldu. Kazakistan'da teritoryal sınırların dışına çıkılarak istikrarlı bir biçimde Kazak ulusunun bileşenleri tarihsel özne olarak kabul edilirken Özbekistan'da birtakım çekinceler Sovyetik uluslaştırma politikalarının devam ettirilmesine neden oldu. Tacikistan'da ise yayılmacı bir tavırla başlayan tarihte kayıp ulus arayışı travmatik bir kimlik bunalımı ve savrulmayla sonuçlandı.

In the 1990s, Kurds living in Mardin and the surrounding provinces were subjected to various pressures, forced migration, and negative treatment such as village evacuation. Veysi Altay's documentary "Bir" (The Well) tells the story of the disappearance of seven people, three of whom are children after they were detained in the Dargeçit district of Mardin in 1995, and the search for them by their relatives. The fact that the director, who traces the search, focuses on the struggle of the seven relatives instead of drawing attention by implying the Kurdish problem with popular political references, brought the documentary to an objective point.In this study, based on the documentary The Well; Instead of "documentary-reality", which distances reality from fiction as much as possible, the possibilities of shooting a "real documentary" will be analyzed. In this context, the reasons for avoiding the use of metaphor, the director's limitation of his camera, and the relationship of preference with ethics will be included in the analysis.While "The Well" has strong meanings from literature to visual arts, in the narrative it has been transformed into a setting, character, and plot that can be grasped, seen, and recorded in history by conveying the truth to witnesses; in this state, instead of losing its meaning from its "reality", it gained strength by feeding on the richness of fiction, but also gave up on poetic reality or all kinds of abstract meanings.This study will examine the effects of the director's direct involvement in the narrative on ethical values and its contribution to the reality of the film, as well as investigate the limits of the construction of "truth" in the post-truth period with a documentary film.The fact that the director renounces his power over the film and turns into the eye that is "attracted" and "witnessed" from time to time, rather than "shooting" the film, will be examined ethically with the method of discourse analysis.The aim of the study is to present an example of whether the creation of documentary cinema in search of reality and its way of influencing the masses are in conflict with ethical principles.

This study was carried out to examine the thoughts and perspectives of Kadirli Faculty of Applied Sciences students about distance education and to reveal the thoughts and suggestions of these students in this direction. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with a total of 153 students by communicating with the students in the faculty via the digital platform.
This study was approved by Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Science Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee (2021/2/3).
62.1% of the students participating in the study are female and 37.9% are male. In the age range evaluation, it was observed that 94.8% of them consisted of young students between the ages of 18-30. In the study, it is seen that 45.8% of the students who participated in the survey were in the 1st grade, 21.6% were in the 2nd grade, 19% were in the 4th grade and 11.1% were in the 3rd grade. The students were asked about the departments they studied, and 42.5% of them stated that they were in gastronomy and culinary arts, 24.2% of them were in food technology, 22.9% of them were in organic agriculture management, 10.5% of them were recreation management and 2% were postgraduate students. When students were asked about their technology ownership, it was seen that 56.2% of the participants had sufficient technological equipment to participate in online courses; To the question of what would be your education preference if the conditions were suitable for the students, 72.5% of the answers were formal education, 15.7% distance education, 11.8% coeducation.
It has been seen that the biggest reason for the preference of distance education is due to the necessity due to the pandemic; it has been concluded that the health factor is more important than the education factor. The rate of those who think this way is 69.9%. The students were asked whether the online processing of the courses was sufficient for learning, and 54.9% of them stated that it was partially sufficient; 35.3% of them gave a negative opinion saying that it is not enough. When asked how the duration of the lessons should be, 43.8% of the participants stated that it is more appropriate that the duration of the lecture should vary according to the subject of the lesson. When the students were asked what is the biggest problem they encounter in the online course, it was emphasized that the biggest problem with 48.4% was the inaccessibility of the course due to the disconnection of electricity or the internet.