Suchergebnisse

Electronic wastes (e-wastes) pose a significant threat to human health and the ecosystem, due to both the volume of wastes produced and the hazardous materials contained. Discarded electronic equipment is one of the fastest growing waste streams worldwide, due to the increasing growth rate of the Information Technology (IT) market and the rapid obsolescence of the equipment. The European Union has characterized the Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), in general, as one of the key waste streams and has already developed the framework for their management. Although a lot of EU countries have already launched their electronic wastes policy, Greece started the efforts quite recently. Granted that the Greek IT market is expected to grow significantly in the near future, it is obvious that the need for immediate action is more urgent than ever, so as to be able to deal with the problems that will occur due to the accumulation of significant quantities of e-wastes. The paper presents the process so far of a project, funded by European Regional Development Fund, which aims to develop an integrated management system for electronic wastes in the Attica Region.

Summarization: The city of Athens, economic, political and administrative capital of Greece since 1833, has been developed upon ancient settlements of 2000 years and more without regulating planning and principles. The distribution of economic activities in urban tissue has been determined by a "laiser faire", under the influence of continuous political pressures. Market, with successive changes, has formed a functional "situation of balance", in the thematic level as well as in their areal distribution. This has led to an Urban Status where Land Uses configure Land Prices and vice versa. New areas with Functional Structures have been developed, that determine land prices forced by Market needs. For this reason, Athens constitutes a suitable territory for research of urban activities distribution as it is shaped without regulation but it is formed by the free offer and demand of space for the installation of urban activities. This allocation is fixed from a) their "functional requirements" b) their essential "environmental compatibilities" and mainly, c) their "land prices". Our research aims to show • initially how Greek legislation has taken into consideration the city's existing Functional structure and then • how the "allocation freedom" that is provided, shapes the Urban web of Athens municipality and accordingly real estate development. ; Presented on:

Η παρούσα μελέτη αφορά τη γεωμορφολογική χαρτογράφηση της περιοχής που περιλαμβάνεται στα φύλλα χάρτη Κορωπί και Πλάκα της διανομής της Γ.Υ.Σ. σε κλίμακα 1:50.000 . Πρόκειται για μια εκτεταμένη περιοχή της Ανατολικής Αττικής η οποία παρουσιάζει σύνθετο ανάγλυφο και μεγάλη ποικιλία γεωμορφών, λόγω του έντονου τεκτονισμού της και των φυσικών διεργασιών που διαμόρφωσαν τη μορφολογία της. Για τη δημιουργία του χάρτη χρησιμοποιήθηκαν κυρίως γεωλογικοί και τοπογραφικοί χάρτες, από τους οποίους κατασκευάστηκαν μέσω Γεωγραφικών Συστημάτων Πληροφοριών τα θεματικά επίπεδα της τοπογραφίας, της υδρογραφίας και της γεωλογίας, ενώ κατασκευάστηκε επίσης και το Ψηφιακό Μοντέλο Εδάφους, από το οποίο προέκυψαν οι χάρτες κλίσεων και έκθεσης. Οι θεματικοί χάρτες των κλίσεων και της λιθολογίας ταξινομήθηκαν σε κατηγορίες οι οποίες συνδυάστηκαν αποτελώντας κριτήρια εντοπισμού γεωμορφών. Στη χαρτογράφηση συνέβαλλαν καθοριστικά οι διαθέσιμοι ορθοφωτοχάρτες και αεροφωτογραφίες, όπως επίσης η εργασία πεδίου. Στη συνέχεια, με τον κατάλληλο συνδυασμό χρωμάτων και συμβολισμών δημιουργήθηκε ο γεωμορφολογικός χάρτης της περιοχής μελέτης, η οποία αποτελείται από τμήματα διαφοροποιημένων μορφολογικών χαρακτηριστικών του αναγλύφου. ; This study concerns the geomorphological mapping of the area included in the map sheets Koropi and Plaka of the Hellenic Military Geographical Service map distribution in scale 1:50.000. This is an extensive area of East Attica which presents a complex terrain and a wide variety of landforms, due to its intense tectonism and the natural processes that shaped its morphology. The primary data that were used in the creation of the map mainly included geological and topographic maps, from which thematic layers of the topography, hydrography and geology were constructed through GIS processes. A Digital Elevation Model was also constructed, from which the slope and aspect maps were created. The thematic maps of slοpe and lithology were classified into categories, which were combined to constitute detection criteria of landforms. Decisive contribution in mapping was provided by the available orthophotomaps and aerial photographs, as well as the field work. Finally, with the appropriate combination of colors and symbols the geomorphological map of the study area was produced.

Filmed with 67 other items from the Dittenberger-Vahlen collection of German dissertations and Programmschriften on classical studies. ; With Lectiones (p. 9-16). ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Microfilm. ; Mode of access: Internet.

ABSTRACT: Background: Childhood is a critical time for social and emotional development, educational progress and mental health prevention. Mental health for children and adolescents is defined by the achievement of expected developmental, cognitive, social and emotional skills. The development of child-adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) is a necessity for each country, not only as a prevention measure for the wellbeing of people, but also as an investment to the future of countries. Qualitative evaluation of services is the only way to ensure whether services function under quality standards and increase the possibility of better outcomes for their patients. This study examines the greek outpatient CAMHS against the British Standards of National Institute of Excellence for community CAMHS. The Standards assessed refer to the areas of Assessment, Care and Intervention. Objectives: The main objectives of the study are 1) to evaluate Greek outpatient CAMHS in the Attica region 2) to promote the evaluation process for mental health services in Greece. Methods: Due to the fact that Greek services are based on the British model, the tool used was the British self-review questionnaire of Quality Network for Community CAMHS(QNCC).The tool was translated, adapted and posted to services. Twelve out of twenty outpatient CAMHS of Attica (including Athens) responded. Data was collected and performed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS. Results: The study resulted that the CAMHS examined, meet moderately the British Standards of 1) Referral and Access, 2) Assessment & Care planning, 3) Care & Intervention. Two out of twelve services examined, meet the standards of "Assessment and Care" in a higher percentage between 75% and 100%. Conclusions: The paper describes a satisfactory function of CAMHS in Attica prefecture taking into consideration the extremely difficult political situation of Greece at the time of the research. Strong and weak domains are identified. Also the translation and adaptation of British tools promote the evaluation process and quality assurance of Greek CAMHS.

In 1971, an uprising occurred at the Attica Correctional Facility in Attica, New York. Shahan's history thesis offers a reinterpretation of the riot by integrating multiple primary source accounts written from different perspectives in order to connect cross-racial unity among prisoners to their heightened politicization during the 1960s and 1970s. Using databases that indexed literature from a variety of disciplines and library catalogs, Shahan was able to find secondary sources analyzing the events. First-hand accounts were located at Bancroft Library and retrieved from other libraries using Interlibrary Loan and newspaper articles and film footage provided other primary sources. Prof. Bielenberg praises her persistence and resourcefulness in locating elusive sources and asserts that Shahan's "paper really is an epic treatment of the Uprising, and will provide scholars in the field with a wonderful body of research to draw upon."

Questa tesi è uno studio delle istituzioni politiche, giuridiche, religiose e private dell'antica Roma come emergono dalle pagine delle Noctes Atticae di Aulo Gellio, considerando sempre il punto di vista dell'autore: un conservatore del II secolo d.C. In essa vengono analizzati vari aspetti ed interessi dell'autore, cercando di tenere sempre presente il quadro storico di riferimento, poiché è solo alla luce del periodo in cui vive che possono essere interpretati la mentalità dell'autore e lo scopo della sua opera.

This doctoral thesis addresses the question of early Athenian statehood from the vantage point of the cultic remains. One of the main tenets of this book is that the principle stage for Athenian self-representation in the Classical Period, the cult of Athena on the Acropolis, was neither the only nor the first rallying point for the inhabitants of Attica in the Early Iron Age. It is argued that the Athenaioi (the "Men of Athena") originated as an elite group, whose franchise did not extend beyond the Athenian plain. From the eighth century BCE many similar and more or less autonomous groups sprang up throughout the Attic peninsula, resulting in regionalism and political fragmentation. From the end of the seventh century and well into the sixth century BCE, a process of cultic exchange opened the way toward social and political integration, culminating in the reforms of Cleisthenes in 508/7 BCE. Cult and Society in Early Athens brings together for the first time the large body of cultic remains from Early Iron Age and Early Archaic Athens and Attica (1000-600 BCE).

The purpose of the study is to investigate technical efficiency and productivity change of a sample of Greek Hospitals over the period 1998 - 2005. Efficiency and productivity measurement became a crucial issue in Greece after the launching of health reforms in 2001, with the legislative Act No. 2889, aiming at cost containment and improvements in hospital efficiency. Applying the linear programming method of Data Envelopment Analysis we investigate how efficiently the hospital resources are used to obtain the maximum possible outcome, before and after the reforms. Hospital output is modelled in terms of interventions, laboratory examinations, outpatient and inpatient cases. Inputs considered include beds, doctors, nurses and rest personnel and operational expenses. The analysis indicates that the reforms have generated efficiency gains when only input and output quantities are considered. During the period 1998- 2002 an overall efficiency regress is observed followed by an upturn, after the launching of managerial reforms. However, when the running costs of the hospitals are considered, then the sample experiences significant regress, implying relatively higher production costs over time. We conclude that DEA is a useful technique to assess relative efficiency and optimum hospital performance across hospitals. ; peer-reviewed

The Thriassion Plain, the Saronikos Gulf and Eleusis Bay, Western Attica in Greece, receive pressures from the enormous industrial activity, as well as the Athens metropolitan area and the Piraeus port. Therefore, it is considered as brownfield in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. The multi-component industrial activity has impacted the soil, the groundwater of Thriassion Plain and the coastal marine sediments of the adjacent Eleusis Bay, part of Saronikos Gulf as well as a brackish lagoon, Koumoundourou Lake. The industrial activity is expressed by high contents of metals, and oil products. This study presents the pollution record of selected published papers that indicate the temporal evolution of legislated polluting compounds, supporting researchers to provide solutions and policy makers to focus on the whole spectrum of potential policy alternatives.

The consumption of dietary fats, which occur naturally in various foods, poses important impacts on health. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of exclusive use of olive oil for culinary purposes with successful aging in adults aged >50 years old and residing in Greece. Use of olive oil in food preparation and bio-clinical characteristics of the Greek participants enrolled in the ATTICA (n = 1128 adults from Athens metropolitan area) and the MEDiterranean Islands Study (MEDIS) (n = 2221 adults from various Greek islands and Mani) studies, were investigated in relation to successful aging (SA). Participants were divided into the following three categories: (a) no olive oil consumption; (b) combined consumption of olive oil and other dietary fats; and (c) exclusive olive oil consumption. The SA was measured using the previously validated successful aging index (SAI). After adjusting for age, sex, and smoking habits, combined consumption of olive oil and other fats (vs. no olive oil use) was not significantly associated with SAI levels (p = 0.114). However, exclusive olive oil intake (vs. no use of olive oil) was significantly associated with SAI (p = 0.001), particularly among those aged older than 70 years. Therefore, the exclusive consumption of olive oil, as opposed to either combined or no olive oil consumption, beneficially impacts successful aging, particularly among individuals over 70 years of age. Primary public health prevention strategies should seek to encourage the enhanced adoption of such dietary practices in order to promote healthy aging and longevity ; The ATTICA study is supported by research grants from the Hellenic Cardiology Society (HCS2002) and the Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society (HAS2003). The MEDIS study was funded by research grants from the Hellenic Heart Foundation, the Graduate Program of the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, and Rutgers University, NJ, USA (GA #5884). Stefanos Tyrovolas was supported by the Foundation for Education and European Culture (IPEP), the Sara Borrell postdoctoral program (reference no. CD15/00019 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII-Spain)), and the Fondos Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). Jose Maria Haro, Jose Luis Ayuso, Demosthenes Panagiotakos, Stefano Tyrovolas, Elena Critselis, and Alexandra Foscolou were funded for the ATHLOS project to study trajectories of healthy aging (European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, grant agreement No 635316)

Constamment habité au cours des siècles, le territoire de l'Attique comporte des couches denses et pleines de trouvailles qui furent conservées ou réintégrées dans les nouvelles réalités naissantes d'une époque à l'autre. On risque toutefois de ne pas pouvoir discerner les étapes en raison de la procédure complexe et longue par laquelle l'espace se structure, une ville se construit et une cité prend sa forme. L'espace athénien s'articule à l'époque où la ville se transforme en centre civique pour le territoire de l'Attique. Nous nous appuyons sur l'examen des dispositifs rituels des VIIe et VIe s. non seulement les temples et les sanctuaires, mais aussi tout aménagement voué aux cultes et aux rites. L'histoire de la topographie cultuelle d'Athènes et de l'Attique nous permet d'étudier l'urbanisation de la ville. Nous proposons ainsi de répondre à de nombreuses questions ayant trait à la localisation, la datation et l'identification des sites comme le Pelargikon, l'Agora archaïque, le Brauronion de l'Acropole, etc. Les indices archéologiques nous amènent à formuler l'hypothèse que l'ensemble du territoire consiste en des unités géographiques secondaires, qui se développent d'une manière indépendante – comme Éleusis et Sounion – et qui se rattachent progressivement à l'espace athénien selon une volonté politique de centralisation, mise en œuvre seulement à partir de l'époque de Clisthène. Enfin, l'étude des sources littéraires permet de déconstruire les représentations spatiales et les revendications ethniques, comme on le constate à propos d'Éleuthère et des confins nord de l'Attique./ Attica offers a variety of significant archaeological findings in dense layers that were preserved or reused from one generation to the next, which contributed to form new social realities. However, we may not be able to discern these successive stages because they have been obscured by the complex and lengthy process, both in the physical and political senses, through which the territory and its city center have been built. The ...

Modernity is characterized by governments have sought to govern the urban condition through direct regulatory interventions such as those prescribed in the Athens Charter and adopted worldwide for many decades. However, the governance tools for urban design have demonstrated not to be able to elaborate new urban models able to represent the multiplicity of the existing city. This lack of planning-design consequentiality is well represented in the Mediterranean port-cities because of the co-existence of different and even contradictory issues, as within the Mediterranean port-cities conflicting dualities can be found: on the one hand there is the relationship between the city and its heritage, while on the other there is the relationship between the new role the historic port and the modern, commercial, harbor. These dualities collaborate in the definition of the urban reality of the Mediterranean port-cities, as well as in the description of their contemporary condition, where all these issues are simultaneously present. Thus, the contemporary image of the port-city has to deal with both the past (historical heritage) and the future (the role of the port infrastructure), as well as with the transformation of the «reality» of the existing environment into the «hyper-reality» of hyper-tourism. Thus, the issue of authenticity is a key issue that regards the image the city has of itself as well as the image it wants to promote in order to participate to the global urban competition.

Summarization: A lot of autonomous power systems have been designed and operated with different power levels and with special requirements for climatic conditions, availability, operation/maintenance cost, fuel consumption, environmental impacts, etc. In this paper a novel design of an autonomous power system with photovoltaic panels and electrochemical batteries for a shoreline electrode station is analyzed. This station will be constructed on the small island of Stachtoroi for the new high voltage direct current (HVDC) link of Attica–Crete in Greece. The general guidelines of the International Council on Large Electric Systems (CIGRE) and of the International Electrotechnical Committee (IEC) for the power system of lighting and auxiliary loads for these HVDC stations are supplied from the medium voltage or the low voltage distribution network, whereas they do not take into account the criticality of this interconnection, which will practically be the unique power facility of Crete island. The significance of Crete power system interconnection demands an increased reliability level for the power sources, similar to military installations and hospital surgeries. In this research a basic electrical installation design methodology is presented. First, the autonomous photovoltaic power system with the energy storage system (ESS) consisting of electrochemical batteries is preliminary designed according to the relative bibliography. The station power and energy consumption are analytically determined taking into consideration the daily temperature variation annually. Afterwards, a techno-economic optimization process based on a sensitivity analysis is formed modifying the size/power of photovoltaic panels (PVs), the type and the energy capacity of the batteries taking into consideration the operation cycle of PVs—batteries charge and discharge and the battery ageing based on the relationship between battery cycles—the depth of discharge, the daily solar variation per month, the installation cost of PVs and batteries, ...

La commedia attica antica è realistica e politica, ma, al contempo, fantastica e surreale. La difficoltà di conciliare queste due dimensioni può contribuire a spiegare la sua minore rappresentabilità, sulle scene moderne, rispetto alla coeva tragedia. Non meno problematica la tensione tra 'alto' e 'basso', 'serio' e 'carnevalesco', 'prosaico' e 'poetico', che è alla base di molte delle discussioni antiche e moderne sull' archaia , come pure di condanne, rivalutazioni e fraintendimenti di cui la comicità di Aristofane è oggetto da secoli. Riflettere sulla dialettica innescata da queste polarità consente di restituire alla produzione aristofanea una più precisa collocazione nell'ambito della tradizione comica occidentale e del genere comico tout court .