Suchergebnisse

Interaction in the international system creates cooperation between countries and can also create conflicts when interests between countries clash. There are two approaches used in resolving conflict; associative where countries seek to cooperate with each other; and disassociative involving military force and political separation (Barash & Webel, 2009: 288). One of Indonesia's associative efforts in maintaining its diplomatic relations with Australia is by using ASEAN to form the AANZFTA (ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Area). Apart from geographical proximity, the socio-economic development opportunities for all parties, this cooperation is also a geopolitical strategy for Australian security and provides political legitimacy for ASEAN in the international world. Using a case study method that focuses on the dynamics of the relationship between ASEAN, Australia, and New Zealand, mainly through the AANZFTA, this paper will explain ASEAN, Australia, and New Zealand's reasons and interests as well as strengths and weaknesses in them. Through discussion and analysis results, it can be concluded that international cooperation was formed to build negative peace after the World War. Then over time, non-traditional issues increasingly encourage international cooperation to develop positive peace with moral values and peaceful dispute resolution without violence. Although the impact is the domination of big countries and sacrificing small and developing countries' sovereignty, each country will always prioritize its own interests. This study's results can provide an overview of the diplomatic relations between Indonesia and Australia multilaterally through AANZFTA. At the same time, the bilateral relationship between the two can be reviewed in further research

This study aims to understand e-government implementation in ATM Samsat services at Samsat Office of East Surabaya as well as the factors that obstruct the e-government based services implementation. The main idea of this study is the use of ATM Samsat smartcard service has not yet reached the target realization. E-Government project failure factors theory from Anthopoulos et.al.(2015) were used in this study with the instrument such as ICT and system development process. This study uses qualitative descriptive methods. The results indicates that the e-government implementation in ATM Samsat services were found in a form of phase simplification from motor vehicle tax payments by using smartcard. Furthermore, ICT and system development process were the factors that obstruct the e-government based services implementation. whereas ICT and system development process obstructs because ATM Samsat system were more complex than the manual system. Less socialization over the society also take effect because it was only done once which is when its launching.

This study uses bank loan data to examine the effect of (political tie) between the company and the government to on the assessment of companies financial leverage and profitability in the bank lending decisions in Indonesia. The numbers of samples are 1465 observations. This study uses moderated regression analysis (MRA). The study finds that a political tie affect corporate profitability assessment in bank lending decisions. Firms with lower profitability receive larger bank loan because their political tie (rent-seeking hypothesis). However, this study inds that a political tie does not affect the assessment of financial leverage in bank's lending decisions. This finding also supports Faccio (2010), Fisman (2001), and Backman (2001). Indonesia condition which has a weak institutional regulation and high information asymmetry is beneficial for companies that have a political tie. This leads to more trusted political tie as an indicator of the profitability.

From various surveys on the quality of public services shows that low public services in Indonesia, more affected due to poor quality of human resources officers. Therefore it is necessary to reform human resources through capacity building apparatus. With reference to the experience of three countries (Britain, Australia, New Zealand), then capacity building in Indonesia should be taken seriously by political commitment at both the macro and micro: (1) change in mindset of officials, (2) Capacity building of intellectual capital, ( 3) Capacity building of intellectual capital, (4) Capacity building of intellectual capital. Besides the focus on human resources, Capacity building also should be coupled with capacity building institutions

AbstractThis article argues that MIKTA (Mexico, Indonesia, South Korea, Turkey, and Australia) are middle, regional, and constructive powers that can serve as providers of global governance in the international system. It argues that in order for MIKTA countries to serve as middle, regional, and constructive powers, they need to consolidate the support of all relevant State and non-State actors in their countries, allowing MIKTA to become a relevant mechanism to promote and generate public goods in the international system, specially global governance. Mexico is the second largest economy in Latin America. Mexico is today an actor with global responsibility and obligatory reference. A country with that weight must play in new boards and MIKTA, constituting and innovative alliance with key non-traditional partners, is a strategic space to expand the scope of Mexican foreign policy. Keywords : MIKTA, middle powers, foreign policy, Mexico