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Ferdinand Ebner is next to Ludwig Wittgenstein the most important Austrian philosopher of language in the 20th century. In his main work Das Wort und die geistigen Realitäten. Pneumatologische Fragmente Ebner produces a new form of anthropology, which is based on a dialogic orientated understanding of human beings. Beside his philosophical works Ebner wrote many letters and diaries. One of the 14 existing diaries is the so-called "Mohlauer Tagebuch" from the 23rd of July to the 28 th of August 1920, which is kept on the "Brenner Archiv" in Innsbruck together with the philosophical texts and the letters. In this diary Ebner writes about his stay in Mühlau, a village near Innsbruck, where he was a guest of Ludwig von Ficker for one month and which was the beginning of a long friendship with the publisher of the Brenner. Ficker, who had already published some articles of Ebner in the Brenner, printed the Fragmente 1921, two years after Ebner wrote them. In this way Ficker became the publisher, promoter and friend of Ebner. According to some passages of the diary, Ebner experienced in Ficker a kind of acceptance and security, which he did not know before. This feeling of well-being is also a part of the deep impressions of nature, which Ebner got on many walks through the surrounding of Innsbruck. Although he was a thinker, who always emphasized the meaning of the word, these impressions showed him the limits of language. Ebner's basic opinions are presentated very clearly in his meetings with different members of the Brenner-circle and in the confrontation with the intellectual movements of the time. An example are his talks with Paul Bargehr about Buddhism, who was newly rediscovered in Europe in those days. Ebner understood the good will of Bargehr, but he cannot accept Buddhism as a solution for the big problems of the Europeans. In spite of Ebners turn to Christianity some years before the diary also shows the difficulties in the relation between Ebner and the Catholic church. Of special interest is Ebner's meeting with the painter Erich Lechleitner. In front of Lechleitner's pictures he has doubts about his radical pessimism concerning art and culture.


The text of the diary is followed by a commentary, which explains the biographical, literary, philosophical, historical, etc. connections of passages in the diary. The three essays following the commentary give an overview of Ebners biographical, philosophical and cultural background. Monika Seekircher's essay includes a short biography of Ebner and describes the most important personal relations in his life as well as his intellectual developement. Richard Hörmann tries to show the connections between the diary and the Fragmente, because many entries of the diary can only be understood on the basis of the main thoughts of the Fragmente. The topic of Walter Methlagl's essay is the local cultural context, in which the diary is embedded. Special attention is given to the intellectual movements within the Brenner-circle. The numerous photos depict persons, who are mentioned in the diary, places as they then looked and the pictures by painters named in the diary. - Ferdinand Ebner (1882-1931) ist neben Ludwig Wittgenstein der bedeutendste österreichische Sprachdenker des 20. Jahrhunderts. In seinem Hauptwerk Das Wort und die geistigen Realitäten. Pneumatologische Fragmente entwickelt Ebner eine neue Form von Anthropologie, die auf einem dialogisch geprägten Verständnis des Menschen basiert. Neben seinen philosophischen Schriften verfaßte Ebner aber auch unzählige Briefe und war zudem ein intensiver Tagebuchschreiber. Das sogenannte "Mühlauer Tagebuch" vom 23.7. bis 28.8.1920 ist eines von insgesamt 14 erhaltenen Tagebüchern Ebners, welche neben dem philosophischem Nachlaß und den Briefen am Brenner-Archiv aufbewahrt werden. In diesem Tagebuch schildert Ebner seinen einmonatigen Aufenthalt bei Ludwig von Ficker in Mühlau bei Innsbruck, der der Beginn einer jahrelangen Freundschaft ist. Ficker, der bereits einige Aufsätze Ebners in seiner Zeitschrift Der Brenner publiziert hat, läßt 1921 auch Ebners bereits 1919 fertiggestellte Fragmente im Brenner-Verlag erscheinen. So wird Ficker Ebners Verleger, Förderer und Freund. Aus mehreren Tagebucheintragungen geht hervor, daß Ebner bei Ficker eine Akzeptanz und Freundlichkeit erfährt, die ihm bisher fremd waren. Dieses für Ebner so seltene Gefühl des Wohlbefindens erfährt er auch bei seinen zahlreichen Spaziergängen mit Ficker, die zu intensiven Naturerlebnissen führen, sodaß Ebner, der die Bedeutung des Wortes immer wieder betont, auch Grenzen der sprachlichen Möglichkeiten wahrnimmt. Ebners geistige Einstellung tritt ganz klar und markant in der Begegnung mit verschiedenen Persönlichkeiten aus dem Brenner-Kreis und in der Auseinandersetzung mit den verschiedenen geistigen Strömungen zu dieser Zeit hervor. So wird er z.B. in der Person von Paul Bargehr mit dem Buddhismus konfrontiert, dem gegenüber er sich wenn auch nicht verständnislos so doch skeptisch äußert. Immer wieder zeigt sich auch seine Ablehnung der katholischen Amtskirche trotz seiner erst einige Jahre zuvor erfolgten Hinwendung zum Christenturn. Besonders interessant ist Ebners Begegnung mit dem Maler Erich Lechleitner. Angesichts seiner Bilder gerät er in einen Zwiespalt mit seinem eigenen rigorosen Kulturpessimismus.

Dem Tagebuchtext folgt ein Einzelstellenkommentar, in dem biographische, literarische, philosophische, historische u.a. Anspielungen geklärt werden. Die drei Aufsätze, die an den Einzelstellenkommentar anschließen, sind als Flächenkommentar zu verstehen, d.h. sie stellen eine breitere Form der Kommentierung dar, wobei der biographische, der philosophische und der kulturelle Hintergrund Ebners aufgezeigt wird. Monika Seekircher liefert eine etwas umfassendere Kurzbiographie Ebners, wobei neben Ebners Lebensdaten auch seine wichtigsten persönlichen Beziehungen und seine geistige Entwicklung kurz dargestellt werden. Richard Hörmann versucht in seinem Aufsatz, den Zusammenhang des Tagebuchs mit Ebners Fragmenten aufzuzeigen, da sehr viele Stellen des Tagebuchs nur vor dem Hintergrund der Fragmente richtig zu verstehen sind. Walter Methlagl bettet das Tagebuch in den lokalen kulturellen Kontext ein, wobei er insbesondere auf die geistigen Strömungen im Brenner-Kreis eingeht. Das umfangreiche Bildmaterial dient der Veranschaulichung und ermöglicht somit eine konkrete Vorstellung von den im Tagebuch erwähnten Personen, den Örtlichkeiten zu dieser Zeit und von den Bildern der im Tagebuch genannten Maler.

This wide-ranging collection of essays contains eighteen original articles by authors representing some of the most important recent work on Wittgenstein. It deals with questions pertaining to both the interpretation and application of Wittgenstein's thought and the editing of his works. Regarding the latter, it also addresses issues concerning scholarly electronic publishing. The collection is accompanied by a comprehensive introduction which lays out the content and arguments of each contribution. Contributors: Knut Erik Tranøy, Lars Hertzberg, Georg Henrik von Wright, Marie McGinn, Cora Diamond, James Conant, David G. Stern, Eike von Savigny, P.M.S. Hacker, Hans-Johann Glock, Allan Janik, Kristóf Nyíri, Antonia Soulez, Brian McGuinness, Anthony Kenny, Joachim Schulte, Herbert Hrachovec, Cameron McEwen..

Wittgenstein and the relation between life and philosophy / Knut Erik Tranøy -- Trying to keep philosophy honest / Lars Hertzberg -- Remarks on Wittgenstein's use of the terms "sinn", "sinnlos", "unsinnig", "wahr", and "gedanke" in the Tractatus / Georg Henrik von Wright -- Wittgenstein's early philosophy of language and the idea of 'the single great problem' / Marie McGinn -- Peter Winch on the Tractatus and the unity of Wittgenstein's philosophy / Cora Diamond -- Wittgenstein's later criticism of the Tractatus / James Conant -- How many Wittgensteins? / David G. Stern -- Taking avowals seriously: the soul a public afffair / Eike von Savigny -- Of knowledge and of knowing that someone is in pain / P.M.S. Hacker -- Wittgenstein and history / Hans-Johann Glock -- Impure reason vindicated / Allan Janik -- Wittgenstein's philosophy of pictures / Kristóf Nyíri -- A case of early Wittgenstein dialogism: stances on the impossibility of "red and green in the same place" / Antonia Soulez -- Wittgenstein: philosophy and literature / Brian McGuinness -- A brief history of Wittgenstein editing / Anthony Kenny -- What is a work by Wittgenstein? / Joachim Schulte -- Evaluating the Bergen Electronic Edition / Herbert Hrachovec -- Wittgenstein in digital form: perspectives for the future / Cameron McEwen.

Celebrated today for his groundbreaking work in logic and the foundations of mathematics, Bernard Bolzano (1781-1848) was best known in his own time as a leader of the reform movement in his homeland (Bohemia, then part of the Austrian Empire). As professor of religious science at the Charles University in Prague from 1805 to 1819, Bolzano was a highly visible public intellectual, a courageous and determined critic of abuses in Church and State. Based in large part on a carefully argued utilitarian practical philosophy, he developed a non-violent program for the reform of the authoritarian institutions of the Empire, which he himself set in motion through his teaching and other activities. Rarely has a philosopher had such a great impact on the political culture of his homeland. This volume contains a substantial collection of Bolzano's writings on ethics and politics, translated into English for the first time. It includes a complete translation of the treatise On the Best State , his principal writings on ethics, an essay on the contemporary situation in Ireland, and a selection of his Exhortations, dealing with such topics as enlightenment, civil disobedience, the status of women, anti-Semitism and Czech-German relations in Bohemia. It will be of particular interest to students of central European philosophy and history, and more generally to philosophers and historians of ideas.

"Written in code under constant threat of battle, Wittgenstein's searing and illuminating diaries finally emerge in this first-ever English translation. During the pandemic, Marjorie Perloff, one of our foremost scholars of global literature, found her mind ineluctably drawn to the profound commentary on life and death in the wartime diaries of eminent philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951). Upon learning that these notebooks, which richly contextualize the early stages of his magnum opus, the Tractatus-Logico-Philosophicus, had never before been published in English, the Viennese-born Perloff determinedly set about translating them. Beginning with the anxious summer of 1914, this historic, en-face edition presents the first-person recollections of a foot soldier in the Austrian Army, fresh from his days as a philosophy student at Cambridge, who must grapple with the hazing of his fellow soldiers, the stirrings of a forbidden sexuality, and the formation of an explosive analytical philosophy that seemed to draw meaning from his endless brushes with death. Much like Tolstoy's The Gospel in Brief, Private Notebooks takes us on a personal journey to discovery as it augments our knowledge of Wittgenstein himself"--

Erstmals in deutscher Übersetzung liegt hiermit die frühe Schrift "Economic Science and the Austrian Method" des Ökonomen und Philosophen Hans Hermann Hoppe vor. Aufbauend auf den Werken von Ludwig von Mises entwickelt Hoppe ein Verständnis der Ökonomik als einer apriorischen Wissenschaft vom menschlichen Handeln. Ein grundlegender Beitrag zur Methodik der Österreichischen Schule und ein Klassiker der Wissenschaftstheorie und Epistemologie.

Bernard Bolzano (1781–1848) during his time as a professor of religious studies (1805–1820) had to give a speech to the whole community of students every sunday during the academic year. This was a very influential position which also caused his dismissal in 1820. Here we have the textual edition of the lectures or sermons he gave during his period of office. The critical edition involves the missing sermons found in Prague archives. The complete edition of Bolzano's sermons will be published in the Bolzano-Gesamtausgabe Frommann Holzboog, 2A15–25. - Der große böhmische Philosoph - "Böhme deutscher Zunge" nach eigener Definition - Bernard Bolzano (1781-1848) wurde 1805 zum Priester geweiht und an der Karl-Ferdinandischen Universität Prag zum Professor für Religionslehre ernannt. Diese ernennung aufgrund eines Dekrets von Kaiser Franz bedeutete auch die Verpflichtung, an Sonntagen so genannte "Erbauungsreden" vor den Studenten des Philosophikums zu halten. Auf diese Weise sollten die Studenten "zu guten Christen und rechtschaffenen Bürgern" herangebildet werden. Bolzano legte in seinen Reden allerdings mehr Wert darauf, sie zum kritischen Selbstdenken anzuregen. Der unausweichliche Konflikt mit den Behörden endete mit der Absetzung des Professors 1820. Die Erbauungsreden waren der Stein des Anstoßes. Das wissenschaftliche Versäumnis, dass Bolzanos brisante Reden noch immer nicht vollständig veröffentlicht sind, kann als Spätfolge dieser Verbannung betrachtet werden. Jetzt ist es gelungen, eine wichtige Lücke zu schließen: Der österreichische Bolzano-Forscher Kurt F. Strasser hat aus in Prag liegenden Handschriften die letzten der bisher unveröffentlichten Erbauungsreden transkribiert.

Wittgenstein, possibly the most influential philosopher of the twentieth century, is often labelled a Neopositivist, a New-Kantian, even a Sceptic. Questions on Wittgenstein, first published in 1988, presents a selection of nine essays investigating a matter of vital philosophical importance: Wittgenstein's relationship to his Austrian predecessors and peers. The intention throughout is to determine the precise contours of Wittgenstein's own thought by situating it within its formative context.Although it remains of particular interest to Anglo-Saxon philosophers, special familiarity with Aust

The German-Austrian social theorist and philosopher Leo Kofler (1907-1995) represents what Oskar Negt once called ?unmutilated, living Marxism?. Throughout his life he dealt with issues of history and modernity, Marxist philosophy and the critique of ideology, philosophical anthropology and aesthetics. In this volume, author and Kofler biographer Christoph Jünke elucidates the contours of his philosophy of praxis, traces an arc from the socialist classics to postmodernism, and outlines the socialist humanist thinker?s enduring relevance. The book also includes six essays by Leo Kofler published in English for the first time.00The main work was first published in German as 'Leo Koflers Philosophie der Praxis: Eine Einführung in sein Denken' by Laika Verlag, 2015

1. Anarcho-Syndicalism. Sam Dolgoff-Encounter with the "Last Anarchist" The Ancestors and Classics of Anarcho-Syndicalism. Michael Bakunin. Peter Kropotkin. Alexander Berkman. Rudolf Rocker. Isaak Puente and Diego Abad Santillan. The Last Anarchist. Noam Chomsky - A "Fellow Traveler" of Anarcho-Syndicalism -- 2. Eco-Anarchism. An Encounter with Murray Bookchin and the Greens of Vermont. Social Ecology and Deep Ecology. An Oasis of Enlightenment in Dark Times. Ecofeminism. A Revolutionary in Changing Times. Vote for Municipalism. The Town Meeting. Later On. Murray Bookchin - The Philosopher. Eco-Anarchism, the Youth Movement, and the Affluent Society. The Ecology of Freedom. Long Live the Past. The Utopia of the Third Way -- 3. Anarcho-Capitalism. Murray Rothbard - A Visit with Mr. Libertarian. The Anarcho-Capitalist Family Tree. Individualism Between Harmony and Dog-Eat-Dog. Laissez-faire Liberalism and the Austrian School of Economics. The Queen of Reason: Ayn Rand

Wesley Clair Mitchell on eugenics : a note / Luca Fiorito, Tiziana Foresti -- The final triumph of Adam Smith? / Udayan Roy -- Backhaus and Drechsler's Friedrich Nietzsche : Did Nietzsche say anything to economists or about economics? / John Linarelli -- Le Gall's A history of econometrics in France : from natural order to artificial worlds / Marcel Boumans -- Klein's Economics confronts the economy : confronting economists who are confronting economics / David Colander -- Economic singularism / William Barnett, Walter Block --Duncan Foley's Adams fallacy : did Adam Smith produce fallacy or has fallacy been thrust upon him? / Warren J. Samuels -- Montes and Schleisser's New voices on Adam Smith ; Adam Smith : one author, many contexts / Willie Henderson -- Peart and Levy's : the vanity of the philosopher : sympathy lost (and regain'd?) / Andrew Terjesen -- Schonhardt-Bailey's From the Corn Laws to free trade : complementary forces behind the repeal of Britain's Corn Laws / Andrea Maneschi -- Augello and Guidi's Economists in Parliament : the determinants of thought / Robin F. Neill -- Kornai's By force of thought we're all Austrians now : J(c)Øanos Kornai and the Austrian school of economics / Peter T. Leeson -- Backhaus' Entrepreneurship, money, and coordination : which way forward in Hayekian social theory : evolution or design? / William N. Butos -- Heertje's Schumpeter on the economics of innovation / David Reisman -- Parker's John Kenneth Galbraith : the conventional wisdom and the pretense of knowledge / Steven Horwitz -- Donald Stabile's Forerunners of modern financial economics prior knowledge : financial economics before Markowitz / Neil T. Skaggs -- Van Overtveldt's The Chicago School on the theory of economic policy of the Chicago school of economics / Warren J. Samuels -- How should we think of the success of the Chicago school of economics? / Ross B. Emmett -- Early and often or too late and not enough? / Robert Leeson -- Clark's State and status : the complexity of power / Roger E. Backhouse -- Social status on the road from feudalism to the age of enlightenment / Y.S. Brenner -- Unpacking terminology, reassessing theory / Evelyn L. Forget -- State formation in early modern Europe / Keith Tribe -- Skousen's The big three in economics : three strikes and you're out / Humberto Barreto

This book explores the life and work of Austrian-British economist, political economist, and social philosopher, Friedrich Hayek. Set within a context of the recent financial crisis, alongside the renewed interest in Hayek and the Hayek-Keynes debate, the book introduces the main themes of Hayek's thought. These include the division of knowledge, the importance of rules, the problems with planning and economic management, and the role of constitutional constraints in enabling the emergence of unplanned order in the market by limiting the perverse incentives and distortions in information often associated with political discretion. Key to understanding Hayek's development as a thinker is his emphasis on the knowledge problem that economic decision makers face and how alternative institutional arrangements either hinder or assist them in overcoming that epistemic dilemma. Hayek saw order emerging from individual action and responsibility under the appropriate institutional order that itself emerges from actors discovering new and better ways to coordinate their behavior. This book will be of interest to all those keen to gain a deeper understanding of this great 20th century thinker in economics. Peter Boettke is University Professor of Economics and Philosophy, Director of the F. A. Hayek Program for Advanced Study in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics, at George Mason University, USA.

This book explores the life and work of Austrian-British economist, political economist, and social philosopher, Friedrich Hayek. Set within a context of the recent financial crisis, alongside the renewed interest in Hayek and the Hayek-Keynes debate, the book introduces the main themes of Hayek's thought. These include the division of knowledge, the importance of rules, the problems with planning and economic management, and the role of constitutional constraints in enabling the emergence of unplanned order in the market by limiting the perverse incentives and distortions in information often associated with political discretion. Key to understanding Hayek's development as a thinker is his emphasis on the knowledge problem that economic decision makers face and how alternative institutional arrangements either hinder or assist them in overcoming that epistemic dilemma. Hayek saw order emerging from individual action and responsibility under the appropriate institutional order that itself emerges from actors discovering new and better ways to coordinate their behavior. This book will be of interest to all those keen to gain a deeper understanding of this great 20th century thinker in economics. Peter Boettke is University Professor of Economics and Philosophy, Director of the F.A. Hayek Program for Advanced Study in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics, at George Mason University, USA.--

With over a million copies sold, Economics in One Lesson is an essential guide to the basics of economic theory. A fundamental influence on modern libertarianism, Hazlitt defends capitalism and the free market from economic myths that persist to this day. Considered among the leading economic thinkers of the "Austrian School," which includes Carl Menger, Ludwig von Mises, Friedrich (F.A.) Hayek, and others, Henry Hazlitt (1894-1993), was a libertarian philosopher, an economist, and a journalist. He was the founding vice-president of the Foundation for Economic Education and an early editor of The Freeman magazine, an influential libertarian publication. Hazlitt wrote Economics in One Lesson, his seminal work, in 1946. Concise and instructive, it is also deceptively prescient and far-reaching in its efforts to dissemble economic fallacies that are so prevalent they have almost become a new orthodoxy. Economic commentators across the political spectrum have credited Hazlitt with foreseeing the collapse of the global economy which occurred more than 50 years after the initial publication of Economics in One Lesson. Hazlitt's focus on non-governmental solutions, strong - and strongly reasoned - anti-deficit position, and general emphasis on free markets, economic liberty of individuals, and the dangers of government intervention make Economics in One Lesson every bit as relevant and valuable today as it has been since publication.