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Demonstrates that this development stems from the coincidence of a political leader of marked self-confidence and a weak opposition. It is enabled by a constitution which does not check the executive or balance its power against that of the legislative. (PAS)

Recent socio-psychol'al res has demonstrated a connection between authoritarian personality trends & a tendency towards ingroup-outgroup dichotomizing. A PO survey conducted in Los Angeles County provided the data by which authoritarianism could be related to internationalism, the latter being measured in terms of att's regarding Soviet-American trade in non-strategic goods, & teaching about Soviet life in US Sch's. A personality scale adapted from that described in 1950 by Sanford & Older was applied to 460 persons interviewed about the beginning of 1954. Definite & signif r's were found between personality & attitude toward the 2 questions mentioned. Authoritarians approve of trade with Russia less often than equalitarians (49% as compared to 61%). When they do approve of trade, authoritarians, less frequently than equalitarians, point to the international benefits which might result. More than equalitarians, they think in terms of econ & parochial rather than general & cosmopolitan benefits. Authoritarians also approve of teaching about Russia less often than do equalitarians (70% favorable, as against 85% of equalitarians). When they do approve, they less often refer to the utility of such teaching for reducing intergroup tensions, or to the importance of safeguarding liberal principles. When opposed to such teaching, they more often give as their reason the necessity for combatting Communism. These findings have implications regarding the manner in which propaganda might best be conducted in order to ease tensions. IPSA.

This paper argues that despite the considerable resilience demonstrated by the Chinese authoritarian regime, its power experiences continuous atrophy. With the weakening of the totalitarian control imposed on Chinese society, the current stability maintenance system has been decreasing in its effectiveness. Meanwhile, contentious activities within the civil society gain momentum, and grow in both frequency and complexity. Movements such as human rights advocacy and political pluralism are traversing down a path towards a multilaterally coalesced resistance of authoritarian authority. The final part of this paper proposes and analyzes three possible trends of the development of social contentions in Chinese civil society. Adapted from the source document.