Suchergebnisse

With the publication in 1973 of Modernization and Bureaucratic-Authoritarianism: Studies in South American Politics, Guillermo O'Donnell initiated a new phase in the debate over the relationship between social change and politics in Latin America. In contrast to most of the political development literature of the 1950s and 1960s, O'Donnell argued that social and economic modernization in the context of delayed development is more likely to lead to authoritarianism than democracy. His analysis focused on the emergence of military regimes in Argentina and Brazil in the middle 1960s—regimes that he labeled "bureaucratic-authoritarian" to distinguish them from oligarchical and populist forms of authoritarian rule found in less modernized countries. O'Donnell's suggestion that an "elective affinity" exists between higher levels of modernization and the rise of bureaucratic-authoritarianism in South America anticipated the military takeovers of the 1970s in Chile, Uruguay, and Argentina. The timeliness of his argument, together with its broad theoretical implications, stimulated considerable discussion, which culminated in the recent publication of a volume devoted to the exploration of themes raised by O'Donnell.

Modified, British versions of the Californian Fascism & Ethnocentrism scales were admin'ed to writers of letters to the press, expressing support of opposition to Enoch Powell (extreme right wing Member of Parliament in British Parliament) after his first speech on race relations in May 1968. 60 Pro-Powellites & 23 anti-Powellites completed the scales. The ethnocentrism scale consisted of 5 ingroup items & 7 items expressing rejection of colored immigrants. The same scales were also completed by 96 'naive' S's, students at a Coll of educ, where the issue of Powell's views on race relations had never been a public one. It was found that there were large & signif diff's in both E- & F-scale scores between the 3 groups. The pro-Powellite S's had high scores on both scales, while the anti-Powell S's had low scores on both of them. The naive S's occupied intermediate positions. AA.