Suchergebnisse

AbstractChanging behavior is often necessary to tackle societal problems, such as obesity, alcohol abuse, and debt problems. This article has two goals. First, it aims to highlight how governments can try to change the behavior of citizens. Government can use policy instruments to do so, including incentives, bans and mandates, information campaigns, and nudges. However, the government should not be a manipulator that applies policy instruments without societal support. Therefore, the second goal of the article is to provide a conceptual framework that helps analyze whether public policies to stimulate behavior change are effective and supported by key stakeholders. This conceptual framework has five criteria indicating the extent to which there is effective and supported behavior change: the policy is (1) effective and (2) efficient, and there is support for the policy among (3) politicians, (4) implementing organizations, and (5) citizens. The article ends with suggestions to study public policy aimed at behavior change.

AbstractChanges in the diagnostic criteria for essential hypertension and the development of effective behavior change approaches to its treatment raise new issues concerning the place of nonpharmacologic approaches in the management of high blood pressure.

Achieving a sustainable future will require that people do things differently. Community-based social marketing (CBSM) provides a framework for fostering sustainable behavior, and the approach is being increasingly utilized across a range of domains including energy conservation, recycling, reducing water consumption, promoting sustainable seafood consumption, and many others. This article provides guidance to practitioners about the optimal use of specific behavior change tools. The article summarizes commitment strategies, social diffusion, goal setting, social norms, prompts, incentives, feedback, and convenience as effective tools for encouraging changes in behavior. For each, we summarize the basic approach and provide recommendations regarding when each tool is most appropriate, depending on the existing levels of barriers and benefits associated with the target behavior. The article concludes with three examples of CBSM to illustrate this selection process.

"A must-read for researchers and practitioners focusing on how the tourism industry needs to evolve given the societal and sustainability challenges we face, this comprehensive Handbook serves as a vital reference point for advanced research in tourism and behaviour change. Chapters depict critical reviews and debates on the topic, comprising both theoretical and empirical research illustrated by international case studies to explore strategies for current and future challenges in the field. The Handbook explores why, while there is heightened debate surrounding the negative impacts of tourism, people tend to be psychologically distant from this problem when they travel, and greater efforts need to be made to encourage people to be socially and environmentally responsible. Leading contributors from across the globe show how and why tourists' and residents' behaviour change interventions need to be designed to align with the Sustainable Development Goals going forward, and how a thorough understanding of tourism settings is key to achieve desired behaviour change outcomes. With the Covid-19 pandemic encouraging a resurgence of interest in the topic, this timely Handbook will be a key resource for tourism scholars and students. The explorations of why behaviour change is important and when to implement interventions that are offered across the chapters will also be beneficial to tourism practitioners and policy makers"--