Suchergebnisse

HECHOS DE TORTURA Y HOMICIDIO DE LA LA FAMILIA BARRETO El 03 de octubre de 1990, alrededor de la 9:00 pm en la Vereda Banco del Oso, finca "La Palma", jurisdicción de Tauramena – Casanare, donde residía la Familia Barreto; se presentaron cinco hombres fuertemente armados y vestidos con prendas militares, quienes se identificaron como miembros del grupo paramilitar Autodefensas Campesinas del Casanare creado por FRANCISCO FELICIANO y HÉCTOR BUITRAGO. Se deja constancia que los diez cadáveres se hallaban totalmente ensangrentados y en sus prendas no se halló ningún objeto ni documento de identidad. Según versión de los familiares los documentos de identidad fueron recogidos por los homicidas. Un familiar de los occisos fue la persona que trasladó en un vehículo del Municipio, los cadáveres a esta población y entregó a la suscrita funcionaria 42 vainillas, las cuales fueron recogidas en el lugar de los hechos. El 06 de octubre de 1990 el diario de cobertura nacional "El Tiempo" publicó la noticia: "Cuatro niños y dos Mujeres entre las Victimas Masacradas 9 personas en Casanare", donde reseña que el Coronel GUILLERMO ACHURY MARTÍNEZ, jefe de información y prensa del Ejercito Nacional, informó en un comunicado los hechos de la Masacre HECHOS sobre el DESPLAZAMIENTO FORZADO y AMENAZAS a JOSE DANILO BARRETO Amenazas posteriores a la masacre Luego de los hechos de la Masacre, JOSÉ DANILO BARRETO sufrió reiteradas amenazas. Según los testigos: "En esos días y luego de los hechos de la Masacre el señor JOSE DANILO se encontraba arando un ganado, cuando llegó un señor con un arma debajo de su poncho amenazándolo (posteriormente en el proceso penal se reconoció a este señor con el nombre de HUMERTO ÁVILA) […] Debido a lo anterior en varias ocasiones el Sr. DANILO BARRETO recibió serias amenazas contra su vida que lo obligaron a salir del Casanare por más de diez años". ; CRAI-USTA Bogotá ; orcid:0000-0002-7675-3717 ; https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=n5QkxgwAAAAJ&hl=es ; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000131089 ; http://unidadinvestigacion.usta.edu.co

The Brazilian population is ageing quickly. Of the country's 208 million inhabitants, 8,5% are aged 65 years or older. This percentage will reach 13.44% in 2030. Brazil's old-age dependency ratio, which is the ratio of older dependents to the working-age population, was 12.27% in 2017, compared with 6.68% in 1990. This increase creates a challenging situation with regard to elderly care. Because families are now smaller, they face more difficulty in providing care. This is a situation that needs to be addressed by government. Besides providing public services for elderly care, it is important to develop and implement public policies that effectively empower families. This work provides a review of family-based policies for elderly care from several countries that can be implemented in Brazil. There is also a brief review of elderly rights in Brazilian law and an analysis of current demographic trends in Brazil. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Este artigo tem por objetivo fundamental discutir as relações existentes entre família, violência e punibilidade, levando em consideração os conceitos de multigeracionalidade e resiliência. Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica de obras que nos possibilitassem a construção de um arcabouço teórico pertinente à temática proposta e condizente com a linha de pesquisa Famílias, Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Humano e Social.

Digital technology use is an integral part of children's and adolescent's lives. With the rapid evolution of technology, adult caregivers can easily feel overwhelmed by the daunting task of setting boundaries on technology use. Family systems theory offers a unique perspective for understanding how external factors (i.e., technology) can impede or enhance the family system, particularly when integrated into a developmental framework. Five clinical concepts are presented that weave together developmental tasks and family systems theory. This paper offers recommendations for clinicians to help parents understand the potentially harmful consequences of technology use across the developmental spectrum. We also provide recommendations for how to support parents in discussing technology use with their children and adolescents. Lastly, we offer suggestions for how the impact of technology use on development can be integrated into human service courses at the university level.

Este artigo discute as condições de constituição de uma fração das elites militares a partir do estudo de grupos familiares cuja existência, reprodução e notabilização, ao longo de gerações, dependeram do Exército e de outras estruturas do Estado. A análise centra foco no grupo dos Menna Barreto e demonstra como o acesso privilegiado à carreira e valorização institucional de atributos angariados pelo grupo revelam o alto ajuste entre a oferta de oportunidades, no interior do serviço estatal a certas frações sociais, e as estratégias de reprodução que lograram acionar, perpetuando assim a própria instituição. É dada atenção especial aos condicionantes históricos de estruturação do Estado no período, e ao peso das estratégias matrimoniais e de notabilização efcazes na construção de patrimônios sociais erigidos em torno da ideia de "serviço ao Exército brasileiro".Palavras-chave: Elites do Exército. Grupos familiares. Reprodução social. Menna Barreto.ARMY FAMILIES: FAMILY REPRODUCTION AND CAREERS IN THE BRAZILIAN ARMY (1850-1930)AbstractThis article discusses the forming of part of the military elites in Brazil. The research was based on the study of family groups whose existence, reproduction and notabilization throughout generations reliedon the Army and on other structures of the State. Focusing on the Menna Barreto family, the analysis shows that a privileged access to the career and other key attributes amassed by the group reveal a highadjustement between opportunities within the State services, at the reach of only certain social fractions, and the strategies of reproduction that they put into action, thus perpetuating the institution itself. Specialattention is given to the historical factors of State-buildion process in the period, as well as to the weight of effective marital and notabilization strategies in the making of social heritages erected around the ideaof "servin the Brazilian Army".Keywords: Army elites. Family groups. Social reproduction. Menna Barreto.

En el transcurrir de la historia, la familia ocupa un lugar de privilegio en el ámbito privado; por lo menos eso hemos aprendido a sentir y a creer desde que nacemos, cuando reconocemos el espacio familiar como el mundo más cercano a nuestro ser y a nuestra historia, como el lugar de la intimidad y como el santuario de la privacidad.

Objective: Describe the risk of poverty and social exclusion in children aged 8-11 years from Gipuzkoa and Valencia (Spain), through AROPE (At Risk Of Poverty or Social Exclusion) indicators, and evaluate their associated factors in the INMA Project (Childhood and Environment). Method: Families in Gipuzkoa and Valencia (394 and 382, respectively) completed a questionnaire in 2015-2016. Low work intensity (LWI), at risk of poverty (RP) and material deprivation (MD) were estimated. AROPE consisted in meeting any of the previous sub-indicators. Socio-demographic, family and parental characteristics were considered. Frequencies, Venn's diagrams, and chi-square and Fisher tests were used in bivariate analysis and logistic regression in multivariate analysis. Results: For LWI, RP, MD and AROPE, prevalence of 2.5%, 5.6%, 2.3% and 7.2% were obtained in Gipuzkoa, and 8.1%, 31.5%, 7.8% and 34.7% in Valencia, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the AROPE was associated in both areas with maternal social class and non-nuclear families. In Gipuzkoa, it was also related to maternal education. In Valencia, other factors were the mother's foreign origin, and paternal education and smoking. Conclusion: There is higher AROPE prevalence in Valencia. Social class and family type were shared factors, but a differential pattern is observed in other social determinants. It is essential to implement social policies to reduce this axis of inequalities in health, especially in childhood. ; This study was funded by Grants from European Union (FP7-ENV-2011 code 282957 and HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1), Spain: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041; FIS-FEDER: PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/0867, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/00090, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI13/02187, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, and PI17/00663), Generalitat Valenciana: Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat ...

Objective: analyze the phenomenon of the care of the nursing professional for people with leprosy in FHS in immediate, specific, general and meta-contextual levels of context. Leprosy is a disease considered to be contagious and mutilating by causing discrimination and exclusion from society. The nursing care targeted to health promotion can ensure a better quality of care than the paradigm of elimination focused on the disease. Family Health Strategy (FHS) is one of the main axes responsible for conducting such care. Conclusion: The understanding of the weaknesses of each context enables actions aimed at minimizing the difficulties found by nurses to provide a type of care with excellence capable of reducing the disease burden, as well as its consequences and the suffering of affected people.

The article focuses on the study of the ethnic and social characteristics of the populations north of the Río Negro in present-day Uruguay during the first half of the 19th century. This space forms different types of borders, which are related to their political, commercial, and social moments, thus characterizing a dynamic space of cultural interaction, mixture, and contact between populations. Given that this construction is based on the social interactions defining it in space and time, these populations are expected to have a dynamic characterized by a high heterogeneity —ethnic and geographical— in its components, as well as high masculinity values that would condition the marriage market and the illegitimacy of some groups. Based on the analysis of a varied corpus of documents, parish archives, and population registers, the research analyzes the presence of indigenous and Afro-descendant populations, the weight of illegitimacy, as well as permanence and social mobility in the border area, among other aspects. The results provide a more thorough picture of this border space, characterized as a continuum with the south of Brazil, where families are characterized by a multiethnic conformation and high spatial mobility. ; El artículo se centra en el estudio de las características étnico sociales de las poblaciones al norte del río Negro del actual Uruguay, durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX. El espacio conforma diferentes tipos de fronteras en relación a los momentos políticos, comerciales y sociales que se fueron construyendo, caracterizando un espacio dinámico de interacción cultural y de contacto entre las poblaciones. Dado que la construcción se da a partir de las interacciones sociales que lo definen en el espacio y el tiempo, es de esperar que las poblaciones presenten una dinámica de alta heterogeneidad —étnica y geográfica— en sus componentes, valores elevados de masculinidad lo que condicionaría el mercado matrimonial y la ilegitimidad de algunos grupos. A partir del análisis de un variado corpus documental, archivos parroquiales y padrones de población, en la investigación se analiza la presencia de poblaciones indígenas y afrodescendientes, el peso de la ilegitimidad, la permanencia y la movilidad social en el espacio fronterizo, entre otros aspectos. Los resultados permiten dar una imagen más completa de ese espacio fronterizo caracterizado como un continuum hasta el sur de Brasil, donde las familias se caracterizan por una conformación multiétnica y una gran movilidad espacial. ; O artigo se concentra no estudo das características étnico-sociais das populações ao norte do Rio Negro, no atual Uruguai, durante a primeira metade do século XIX. O espaço configura diferentes tipos de fronteiras em relação aos momentos políticos, comerciais e sociais que foram construídos, caracterizando um espaço dinâmico de interação cultural e de mistura e contato entre populações. Dado que a construção deste se dá a partir das interações sociais que o definem no espaço e no tempo, espera-se que as populações apresentem uma dinâmica de alta heterogeneidade —étnica e geográfica— em seus componentes, elevados valores de masculinidade o que condicionaria o mercado matrimonial e a ilegitimidade de alguns grupos. A partir da análise de um variado corpus de documentos, arquivos paroquiais e registros populacionais, a pesquisa analisa a presença de populações indígenas e afrodescendentes, o peso da ilegitimidade, a permanência e a mobilidade social na área de fronteira, entre outros aspectos. Os resultados permitem dar uma imagem mais completa daquele espaço de fronteira caracterizado como um continuum ao sul do Brasil, onde as famílias se caracterizam por uma conformação multiétnica e grande mobilidade espacial.

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the Family Health Strategy (ESF) work process in the Covid-19 pan- demic per the PHC longitudinal linkage attribute. This cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study collected primary data from a national electronic survey carried out from September to December 2020. Ceará and Paraíba, States of the Northeastern region with more than 84% ESF coverage, were included in this excerpt. The participation of female workers (962) prevailed, with Community Health Workers (ACS, 29%) and nurses (26.61%), women (81.19%), 18-39 years of age (61.85%), statutory public servants (48,75%), active in urban territories (58.63%). Approximately 92.54% of the participants worked in the period, with only 4.70% working remotely. A total of 51.53% stated that they were 'carrying out routine activities, as before', and 31.42% revealed they were 'prioritizing activities related to Covid-19'. New SUS Card registrations were made according to 67.94% of the participants. The research confirms that the ESF is a very frequent gateway, if not the main one, for Covid-19 cases and that its effectiveness for the care of the registered users is weakened although it meets the dimensions of its attribute.

Background: Many governments have introduced pay-for-performance programmes to incentivise health providers to improve quality of care. Evidence on whether these programmes reduce or exacerbate disparities in health care is scarce. In this study, we aimed to assess socioeconomic inequalities in the performance of family health teams under Brazil's National Programme for Improving Primary Care Access and Quality (PMAQ). Methods: For this longitudinal study, we analysed data on the quality of care delivered by family health teams participating in PMAQ over three rounds of implementation: round 1 (November, 2011, to March, 2013), round 2 (April, 2013, to September, 2015), and round 3 (October, 2015, to December, 2019). The primary outcome was the percentage of the maximum performance score obtainable by family health teams (the PMAQ score), based on several hundred (ranging from 598 to 914) indicators of health-care delivery. Using census data on household income of local areas, we examined the PMAQ score by income ventile. We used ordinary least squares regressions to examine the association between PMAQ scores and the income of each local area across implementation rounds, and we did an analysis of variance to assess geographical variation in PMAQ score. Findings: Of the 40 361 family health teams that were registered as ever participating in PMAQ, we included 13 934 teams that participated in the three rounds of PMAQ in our analysis. These teams were located in 11 472 census areas and served approximately 48 million people. The mean PMAQ score was 61·0% (median 61·8, IQR 55·3–67·9) in round 1, 55·3% (median 56·0, IQR 47·6–63·4) in round 2, and 61·6% (median 62·7, IQR 54·4–69·9) in round 3. In round 1, we observed a positive socioeconomic gradient, with the mean PMAQ score ranging from 56·6% in the poorest group to 64·1% in the richest group. Between rounds 1 and 3, mean PMAQ performance increased by 7·1 percentage points for the poorest group and decreased by 0·8 percentage points for the richest group (p<0·0001), with the gap between richest and poorest narrowing from 7·5 percentage points (95% CI 6·5 to 8·5) to –0·4 percentage points over the same period (–1·6 to 0·8). Interpretation: Existing income inequalities in the delivery of primary health care were eliminated during the three rounds of PMAQ, plausibly due to a design feature of PMAQ that adjusted financial payments for socioeconomic inequalities. However, there remains an important policy agenda in Brazil to address the large inequities in health. Funding: UK Medical Research Council, Newton Fund, and CONFAP (Conselho Nacional das Fundações Estaduais de Amparo à Pesquisa).

Women in Latin America present unique challenges and opportunities due to the family responsibilities they assume because of their gender role. The article focuses on examining the driving forces for Latin American entrepreneurship as empowerment and family support, and the restraining forces as their exclusion from males spheres, labor discrimination, lack of support, and families responsibilities from an intersectionality approach. The study includes the implications of how the entrepreneurial phenomenon develops in the context of women in Latin American. Studies of this type in this context being scarce. Likewise, an analysis of entrepreneurial femininity is carried out to identify the most appropriate Latin context. Equally, an analysis model is proposed that integrates these driving and restrictive forces. The methodology is qualitative, cross-sectional, integrates the case study, semi-structured in-depth interviews, and discourse interpretation. The conclusion presents the women barriers face in startup businesses and how their family responsibilities limit them, being the key support for their development, especially in Latin American when they face a macho atmosphere and a social representation associated with femininity (seems to be contrary to entrepreneurial spirit), the main role of women in the home, without economic support, with financial responsibility for taking care of their families, is shown as a cause for businesses not to grow.