Suchergebnisse

Uma pesquisa Intensiva com os usuários finais no setor da Habitação Econômica da República Sul-Africana tornou-se necessário para encontrar formas de enfrentar o contínuo aumento dos custos e ainda continuar a satisfazer as preferências, com qualidade e acessibilidade. A pesquisa tem de ser sucedida por projetos inovadores e métodos construtivos rápidos e de baixo custo, sem perder qualidade e estética. Os custos de terreno e o adensamento dos projetos, em equilíbrio com a qualidade ambiental, tornaram-se de enorme importância em qualquer empreendimento sustentável. O mesmo se aplica às vizinhanças, quanto à revitalização dos bairros. Um exemplo típico é o Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole na África do Sul, onde 100.000 unidades habitacionais precisam ser construídas em um período de três a cinco anos para acabar com o déficit. A quantidade de dados relativos a uma única habitação é vasta e, em um grande empreendimento, ainda mais significativa. Tradicionalmente, os dados são armazenados em vários locais, por exemplo, com autoridades governamentais, arquitetos ou outros profissionais, empreendedores, subcontratados, agentes imobiliários, instituições financeiras ou proprietários. Baixa eficiência e atrasos substanciais são o resultado, quando os dados existentes não podem ser acessados rapidamente, ou não são encontrados. Um processo de localização espacial e sistema de controle de dados física e inequivocamente associado com cada particular unidade habitacional foi desenvolvido para resolver com sucesso a maioria desses problemas. ; Intensive end-user research in the "Affordable Housing Sector" in R.S A. became necessary to find ways to counter ever increasing delivery costs and still satisfy preferences, quality and affordability. Research has to be followed up by innovative designs and lower cost and faster construction methods without forfeiting quality and aesthetics. Land cost and density design balanced with environmental quality became of utmost importance in any sustainable development. The same accounts for locality to achieve neighbourhood revitalization. A typical example is the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole in South Africa where 100,000 dwellings need to be constructed in3-5 years to wipe out the back-log. The amount of data relating to a single dwelling is vast and with a large development even more significant. Traditionally the data is stored in diverse locations, for example, with government authorities, architects or other professionals, a developer, sub-contractor, conveyancer, financial institution or owner. Substantial delays and inefficiency result if existing data cannot be accessed rapidly, or at all. An electronic spatial process and data control system that is uniquely and physically associated with a particular house was successfully developed to address most of the problems we experienced.

O processo de construção do Brasil como nação deixou, em seus cinco séculos de história, um expressivo patrimônio, onde se destacam, particularmente, dezenas de fortificações espalhadas por todo o território brasileiro. Visando a preservar esses conjuntos arquitetônicos, vêm se multiplicando instrumentos legais dos órgãos do poder público voltados diretamente para a preservação do patrimônio histórico-cultural e ambiental. Objetivo. Usar a memória como exercício de construção de conhecimentos ambientais (educação ambiental) por parte de alunos militares que serviam no Forte do Leme. Metodologia. Entrevistas semi-estruturadas eficazes para levantar o processo da criação da APA-LEME e da revitalização da biota circundante degradada, sendo precursoras do elenco de mais documentos secundários que se revelaram fontes valiosas de esclarecimento de fatos. Resultados. A experiência de uso didático relacionado à memória do Leme, resgatada pelos depoimentos e experiências dos sujeitos entrevistados, permite um melhor conjunto avaliativo de atitudes militares de conservação e de catalogação da efetiva participação militar em operações do meio ambiente. A valorização do sistema de fortalezas, importante herança cultural, corrobora para ações voltadas para atividades turísticas, de preservação da memória, de educação ambiental e de intervenções ambientalmente conscientes. ; In its five centuries of history, the process of building Brazil as a nation has left an expressive patrimony where dozens of fortifications are found throughout the Brazilian territory, particularly. Aiming at preserving these architectural ensembles, legal instruments have been multiplying from the organs of public power that are pointing directly towards the preservation of historical-cultural and environmental patrimony. Goal. Using memory as an exercise to build an environmental knowledge (environmental education) by military students who served in the Fort of Leme. Methodology. Effective semi-structured interviews were to lift the process of creating the APA-LEME and revitalizing the degraded surrounding biota, being precursors to the list of more secondary documents that proved to be valuable sources of factual clarification. Results. The experience of didactic use related to Leme's memory, rescued from the interviews and experiences of the interviewed people, allows a better evaluation of military attitudes of conservation and cataloging of effective military participation in environmental operations. The valorization of the fortress system, an important cultural heritage, corroborates actions aimed at tourism activities, preservation of memory, environmental education and environmentally conscious interventions.

O processo de construção do Brasil como nação deixou, em seus cinco séculos de história, um expressivo patrimônio, onde se destacam, particularmente, dezenas de fortificações espalhadas por todo o território brasileiro. Visando a preservar esses conjuntos arquitetônicos, vêm se multiplicando instrumentos legais dos órgãos do poder público voltados diretamente para a preservação do patrimônio histórico-cultural e ambiental. Objetivo. Usar a memória como exercício de construção de conhecimentos ambientais (educação ambiental) por parte de alunos militares que serviam no Forte do Leme. Metodologia. Entrevistas semi-estruturadas eficazes para levantar o processo da criação da APA-LEME e da revitalização da biota circundante degradada, sendo precursoras do elenco de mais documentos secundários que se revelaram fontes valiosas de esclarecimento de fatos. Resultados. A experiência de uso didático relacionado à memória do Leme, resgatada pelos depoimentos e experiências dos sujeitos entrevistados, permite um melhor conjunto avaliativo de atitudes militares de conservação e de catalogação da efetiva participação militar em operações do meio ambiente. A valorização do sistema de fortalezas, importante herança cultural, corrobora para ações voltadas para atividades turísticas, de preservação da memória, de educação ambiental e de intervenções ambientalmente conscientes. ; In its five centuries of history, the process of building Brazil as a nation has left an expressive patrimony where dozens of fortifications are found throughout the Brazilian territory, particularly. Aiming at preserving these architectural ensembles, legal instruments have been multiplying from the organs of public power that are pointing directly towards the preservation of historical-cultural and environmental patrimony. Goal. Using memory as an exercise to build an environmental knowledge (environmental education) by military students who served in the Fort of Leme. Methodology. Effective semi-structured interviews were to lift the process of creating the APA-LEME and revitalizing the degraded surrounding biota, being precursors to the list of more secondary documents that proved to be valuable sources of factual clarification. Results. The experience of didactic use related to Leme's memory, rescued from the interviews and experiences of the interviewed people, allows a better evaluation of military attitudes of conservation and cataloging of effective military participation in environmental operations. The valorization of the fortress system, an important cultural heritage, corroborates actions aimed at tourism activities, preservation of memory, environmental education and environmentally conscious interventions.

Background: The study of the history of mathematics teaching can be approached from different perspectives, defining contours from which the researcher performs the analysis focused on a process characterised by continuity, or by adopting periodisation. Objective: In this article, we seek to conduct a study based on the delimitation of periods, according to Le Goff's (2014) argument, and in the light of the depth hermeneutics, based on Thompson (2011). Design: Given the premises above, we conducted a documentary analysis of two historical processes within the scope of mathematics teaching, one focusing on the municipal public schools of Canoas, and the other on a technical course in chemistry of a school in the city of Novo Hamburgo, both in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Setting and participants: A timeline with conspicuous events used to periodicise both historical processes analysed by the authors. Data collection and analysis: Analysis of documents relevant to the history of the technical school investigated and education in the municipality of Canoas. Results: In both cases, it was possible to characterise the historical processes in periods based on events and official documents that generate changes in mathematics teaching. Conclusions: The historical processes analysed are characterised by ruptures resulting from changes, especially in the legislation, both in the municipal public network and in the technical education institution researched, enabling the realisation of changes and the characterisation of distinct periods, with their nuances.

This article analyzes the use of water as ballast to balance the vessels, as well as the existing legislation in the country that protects, monitors and punishes those who are responsible for illegal shedding in national jurisdiction waters. That is important, considering ballast water has become a national and international risk with serious consequences such as bioinvasion. It was discovered that ballast water has become one of the fastest forms of marine pollution because it acts quietly. In an attempt to avoid environmental and economic losses, several conventions and international treaties were agreed between countries such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, adopted in Montego Bay. At the national level, Brazil has important institutions for marine environmental protection such as ANVISA, the National Health Surveillance Agency; ANTAQ, National Agency of Waterborne Transport and broad legislation such as Law (6938/81), the National Environmental Policy; the Criminal Environmental Law (9.605/98) and, specifically, NORMAM 20, issued by the Brazilian Navy's Directorate of Ports and Coasts, which states that every ship to moor at national ports must prove the exchange of ballast water at sea. The research used the legal and theoretical methodology, deductive reasoning and literature from technical and government sites. The results show that Brazil has a concern over the issue and the national legislation proves the effort to prevent marine pollution. However, research in the field is necessary so that invading organisms are discovered prior to the pollution. In addition to that, legislation and supervision must be improved. ; This article analyzes the use of water as ballast to balance the vessels, as well as the existing legislation in the country that protects, monitors and punishes those who are responsible for illegal shedding in national jurisdiction waters. That is important, considering ballast water has become a national and international risk with serious consequences such as bioinvasion. It was discovered that ballast water has become one of the fastest forms of marine pollution because it acts quietly. In an attempt to avoid environmental and economic losses, several conventions and international treaties were agreed between countries such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, adopted in Montego Bay. At the national level, Brazil has important institutions for marine environmental protection such as ANVISA, the National Health Surveillance Agency; ANTAQ, National Agency of Waterborne Transport and broad legislation such as Law (6938/81), the National Environmental Policy; the Criminal Environmental Law (9.605/98) and, specifically, NORMAM 20, issued by the Brazilian Navy's Directorate of Ports and Coasts, which states that every ship to moor at national ports must prove the exchange of ballast water at sea. The research used the legal and theoretical methodology, deductive reasoning and literature from technical and government sites. The results show that Brazil has a concern over the issue and the national legislation proves the effort to prevent marine pollution. However, research in the field is necessary so that invading organisms are discovered prior to the pollution. In addition to that, legislation and supervision must be improved.

This paper propose a reading and application of the homo sacer metaphysical concept, central to the Giorgio Agamben thought. Thus, aims to debug from historical, social and political contexts empirical figures who reflect fundamental bare life features, extending the application of that paradigm. Therefore, is needed to consider some criticism - exposed in the introduction of the work - to the Agamben's thought, which guide the enterprise, however without to depart absolutely from agambenian framework, but providing a new breath to his philosophical constructions. Basically, will be worked with three critical authors: Judith Butler, Thomas Lemke and Ludueña Romandini. With this in mind, propose a reading mode of the homo sacer paradigm that allows more precisely analysis of facticity, ensuring sensitivity to biopolitical nuances in their specific contexts - in other words, avoiding that the entire social body be reduced to the nuda vita sacredness. In the first section two figures is debugged: the national minorities, from Hannah Arendt political analysis; and the undefined inmates of Guantanamo Bay, investigated by Judith Butler. In a second moment, has the intention to approximate the neoliberal economic reason to the exception paradigm and to extract a new empirical figure of homo sacer, the homo oeconomicus, or enterprising subject. Finally, it is evidenced the neoliberal consequences, of that economic way of life, to the Agamben's philosophical-political proposes, i.e., the implementation of an inoperative community and politics. Furthermore, the consequences to the actual democracy and the limitations of agambenian framework for such political context.