Suchergebnisse

French envoy Jean-Yves Le Drian is wondering why some Lebanese parties reject a dialogue over a new president; fear may be a reason.

The article deals with the book called «The Suleiman's first ripe fruit, disclosing the mysteries of the nusairian religion», written by a Suleiman Efendi Adhani, which was published in Beirut in 1864. Its content as well as the author's personality and the significance of such publication is given particular attention in the article together with the role of Alawi community in modern Syria. It is emphasized that the book appears to be the first original source of studying one of the most reserved middle-eastern sects, whose representatives comprise the backbone of today's political elite of the Syrian Arab Republic. = Посвящена истории написания книги «Первый шаг Сулейманов в раскрытии тайн нусайритской веры» (Бейрут, 1864) неким Сулейманом Эфенди аль-Адани, ее содержанию, личности автора и важности этого издания, а также некоторым аспектам, связанным с положением алавитской общины в современной Сирии. Отмечается, что это произведение стало фактически первым источником изучения одной из наиболее закрытых ближневосточных сект, представители которой составляют основу политической элиты Сирийской Арабской Республики.

Some issues of combating migration processes that are underway in the European Union have been considered. The author has stressed on the necessity of strengthening police counteraction to illegal migration. Nowadays the problem of illegal migration is one of the main for the countries – members of the European Union. Greece could be a striking example of the operation of illegal migration process. From the information received by Greek secret services it is clear that groups of migrants are formed in Constantinople, Beirut, Side, Latakia, Addis Ababa, Asmara and Tripoli. Of course, these are small groups (5–20 people), accompanied by a guide, who get to their destination by air transport (bus, train or sea) and then walk, mostly at night time, crossing the border. Illegal (unlawful) migration is illegal movement across the state border, i.e. outside border crossing points or concealment from border and customs controls, using forged documents, visa or without them, independently or through the third parties, and living in the country without proper approval of the competent state authorities. Experts believe that illegal migration has become a highly profitable business of international criminal groups. Unmanaged growth of illegal migration promotes social phenomena such as crime, unemployment, the spread of dangerous diseases, the growth of illegal labor market, human trafficking, etc. It should be noted that considering the matters of illegal migration we must proceed from its understanding as a transnational phenomenon that operates outside the legal framework of the current legislation and takes the form of transnational organized crime. ; Розглянуто основні нормативно-правові акти ЄС з питань регламентації міграційних процесів. Визначено основні напрямки еволюції міграційної політики ЄС та сформульовано основні принципи, на яких має ґрунтуватися міграційна політика України в умовах євроінтеграції.

The subject. The article analyses the practice of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon and its Judgement of 18 August 2020, rendered against those found guilty of a terrorist act and the impact on the progressive development of international criminal law.The purpose. This article seeks to define what goal the international community pursued in establishing the Special Tribunal for Lebanon from the perspective of international security law, international criminal justice, and counter-terrorism cooperation. The legal nature of the terrorist attack of 14 October 2005 is essential in this regard: is the crime is comparable in its gravity and consequences to the crimes of genocide or war crimes in the territory of the former Yugoslavia or Rwanda, which predetermined the subsequent establishment of ad hoc international criminal tribunals? Further, was the establishment of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon an attempt to make the crimes of terrorism an international crime in practice? Finally, was the establishment of the Tribunal an attempt to lay the groundwork for a new type of international judicial bodies with jurisdiction over crimes of terrorism? The methodology. The authors use such general theoretical and specific scientific methods as comparative analysis, generalization, interpretation and classification as well as systemic analysis and formal logical methods.The main results. The legal qualification and analysis of the circumstances of the terrorist attack do not enable the conclusion that the bomb explosion in Beirut was comparable in danger and consequences to any international crimes or was a threat to international peace and security. In its turn, the involvement of the Security Council in the establishment of the Tribunal does not unequivocally evidence its alleged attempt to create a purely international criminal structure.The choice of applicable law granted to Lebanon and the fact that the crime committed solely affected the interests of that State would qualify the Tribunal as an internationalized judicial body, whose work would focus on defining the crime of terrorism through a broader lens of interpreting national legislation. In other words, the impetus for development has been given not to international but national criminal law.The Tribunal was created neither to progressively develop international criminal law with regard to defining terrorism as an international crime nor to advance the international criminal justice system. Rather, it was an attempt to address Lebanon's specific political and legal challenges.Conclusions. The outcome of the Tribunal's work could have a rather negative impact on the development of international criminal law, discrediting the very idea of enabling "peace through justice" and uniform, consistent application and interpretation of international criminal law. ; Анализируются причины создания Специального трибунала по Ливану, существо преступлений, подпадающих под его юрисдикцию, политические аспекты работы. Приводится подробный анализ Приговора Трибунала 2020 г. и всей его деятельности с позиций влияния на развитие международного уголовного права. Отмечается неоднозначность правовых методик и оценок, положенных в основу Приговора; делается вывод о его потенциально отрицательном эффекте для развития международного уголовного права.