Suchergebnisse

AbstractCOVID-19 impacts the daily lives of millions of people. This radical change in our daily activities affected many aspects of life, but acted as well as a natural experiment for research into the spatial distribution of 911 calls. We analyse the impact of the COVID-19 measures on the spatial pattern of police interventions. Crime is not uniformly distributed across street segments, but how does COVID-19 affect these spatial patterns? To this end, Gini coefficients are calculated and a proportion differences spatial point pattern test is applied to compare the similarity of the patterns of incidents before, during, and after the first lockdown in Antwerp, Belgium. With only essential mobility being allowed, the emergency call pattern has not significantly changed before, during or after this lockdown, however, a qualitative shift in police officer's daily work may have had an effect on the daily operation of the Antwerp police force.

International audience ; As in the rest of the Arab world, in Lebanon youth designates a period of life situated between childhood and manhood, the latter usually inaugurated by marriage, the arrival of children and the opening of one's own house. However, in this society marked by confessionalism, young people distinguish themselves by their very strong politicisation. Based on an ethnography of the partisan socialisation of Druze youths, the article shows how youths "detach" themselves from their family positioning in order to become the "army of the president [Walid Joumblatt]". The youths then get involved in holiday camps, university bodies, party meetings in order to "learn" politics: this learning process includes reading the writings of Kamal Joumblatt, political discussions, involvement in partisan activities, the "surveillance" of territory, availability in order to give the party a visible presence. Whereas heads of family relate to Walid Joumblatt, the lord (bek) of the Mountain, in an extremely codified way during traditional visits, Walid Joumblatt's relationship with youths in his role as president of the PSP is marked by familiarity and complicity. The political leader is a "maternal uncle" who inspires and guides youths, who are prepared to die for him, while he himself is prepared to die for the "cause" he represents. ; Comme dans l'ensemble du monde arabe, la jeunesse au Liban désigne une période de la vie située entre l'enfance et l'âge d'homme qu'inaugurent généralement le mariage, la naissance des enfants et l'ouverture de sa propre maison. Dans cette société marquée par le confessionnalisme, la jeunesse se singularise toutefois par sa très forte politisation. À partir d'une ethnographie de la socialisation partisane des jeunes druzes, l'article montre comment les jeunes se « détachent » de leur positionnement familial pour devenir « l'armée du président [Walid Joumblatt] ». Les jeunes s'investissent alors dans les camps de vacances, les instances universitaires, les réunions du parti pour « apprendre » la politique : cet apprentissage passe par la lecture des écrits de Kamal Joumblatt, les discussions politiques, l'implication dans les activités partisanes, la « surveillance » du territoire, la disponibilité pour rendre visible la présence du parti. Alors que la relation entre les chefs de famille et Walid Joumblatt, le seigneur (bek) de la Montagne, est extrêmement codifiée lors des visites traditionnelles, la relation entre Walid Joumblatt, en tant que président du PSP, et les jeunes est marquée par la familiarité et la complicité. Le leader politique est un « oncle maternel » qui inspire et qui guide les jeunes, prêts à mourir pour lui, tandis qu'il est prêt, de son côté, à mourir pour la « cause » qu'il représente.

Nach einer Einführung in die allgemeine Entwicklung der kirchlichen Jugendarbeit in der sich formierenden DDR und die politisch-kulturellen Rahmenbedingungen dieser Zeit, wird die Herausbildung und Tätigkeit der Evangelischen Studentengemeinde in Halle/Saale charakterisiert. Dazu werden Konfliktlinien und Formen der Einflussnahme auf die Studentengemeinden durch den Staat ebenso geschildert wie die eigentlichen Aktivitäten und Bemühungen der Jugendorganisationen. Die Autorin geht besonders auf die frühen 1950er Jahre ein. ; After an introduction to the general development of church youth work in the emerging GDR and the political and cultural conditions of the time, the formation and activities of the Protestant student congregation in Halle/Saale are characterised. To this end, lines of conflict and forms of influence on the student congregations by the state are described, as are the actual activities and efforts of the youth organisations. The author pays special attention to the early 1950s.

Dinasti Saljuk didirikan oleh Thugrul Bek pada tahun 429 H./1037 M. Nama dinasti ini dinisbahkan pada nama neneknya yaitu Saljuk bin Tugag yang berasal dari kabilah kecil Suku Ghuzz di wilayah Turkistan. Dinasti ini mendapat pengakuan dari khalifah Abbasiah di Bagdad pada tahun 432 H/1040 M. Dinasti Saljuk berhasil memperluas wilayah kekuasaannya dengan merebut satu persatu wilayah, sampai pada tahun 447 H. pengaruh Salajika telah tersebar ke seluruh Persia. Bani Salajika memberikan kontribusi dalam peradaban Islam terutama di bidang pendidikan dan tasawuf. Pada masa Malik Syah yang dibantu oleh Nizham al-Mulk sebagai wazir, membuat kebijakan dengan pembangunan dan penghibaan sejumlah madrasah dan perguruan tinggi di dalam setiap kota-kota besar di wilayah Kekuasaan Saljuk. Selain bidang pendidikan, pemerintahan Saljuk juga mendukung Khanaqah yakni sebuah bangunan untuk kegiatan para sufi, biasanya seorang syaikh bertempat tinggal, menyampaikan pengajaran kepada muridnya dan menyelenggarakan peribadatan sufi. Bukan hanya pembangunan mental spritual, dalam pembangunan fisik pun dinasti saljuk banyak meninggalkan jasa. Malik Syah terkenal dengan usaha pembangunan di bidang yang terakhir ini. Banyak mesjd, jembatan,iri gasi, dan jalan raya dibangunnya.

Yunus-bek Yevkurov is the current President of Ingushetia - a small federal republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus region and plagued by a seemingly infinite number of problems, not least jihadist terrorism. In this exclusive interview, the former Russian military commander, who took office in 2008, admits it is no easy task. While the number of insurgents in the country's forests is significantly reduced, they are still able to inflict real harm. Ingushetia's youth can be particularly vulnerable to their fanatical discourse, which contrasts sharply with the everyday difficulties faced by the country's population: massive unemployment (over 40% of working-age people), poverty, corruption and more. Nonetheless, Resident Yevkurov tries to remain optimistic and believes that the Kremlin is determined to help Ingushetia out of its troubles. Indeed, Moscow is only too aware of the potentially explosive nature of the situation: Ingushetia's immediate neighbour is Chechnya, which in fact hopes to take control of Ingushetia, a development that could further destabilize a region that has had more than its share of troubles! Adapted from the source document.

In South Africa, adolescents and young adults (ages 15–24) are at risk of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and unintended pregnancies. Recently, the Department of Basic Education has revised its sexuality education content and teaching strategies (using scripted lessons plans) as part of its life orientation curriculum. This paper presents the methodology and baseline results from the evaluation of the scripted lesson plans and supporting activities. A rigorous cluster-level randomized design with random assignment of schools as clusters is used for the evaluation. Baseline results from grade eight female and male learners and grade 10 female learners demonstrate that learners are at risk of HIV and early and unintended pregnancies. Multivariable analyses demonstrate that household-level food insecurity and living with an HIV-positive person are associated with sexual experience and pregnancy experience. Implications are discussed for strengthening the current life orientation program for future scale-up by the government of South Africa.

Front Matter -- Copyright Page -- Abbreviations -- List of Contributors -- Introduction /Raphaële Andrault and Mogens Lærke -- From Natural Philosophy to Theology -- Modus politicus vivendi: Nicolaus Steno and the Dutch (Swammerdam, Spinoza and Other Friends), 1660–1664 /Eric Jorink -- Jesuits, Women, Money or Natural Theology? Nicolas Steno's Conversion to Catholicism in 1667 /Sebastian Olden-Jørgensen -- Leibniz and Steno, 1675–1680 /Mogens Lærke -- Anatomy and Metaphysics: Steno and Cartesianism -- Human Brain and Human Mind: The Discourse on the Anatomy of the Brain and Its Philosophical Reception /Raphaële Andrault -- Steno's Critique of Descartes and Louis de La Forge's Response /Vasiliki Grigoropoulou -- Steno's Myology: The Right Theory at the Wrong Time /Troels Kardel -- The Natural History of the Earth -- Thinking from Traces: Nicolas Steno's Palaeontology and the Method of Science /Justin E.H. Smith -- Steno, Leibniz, and the History of the World /Daniel Garber -- Steno at the Medici Court -- Steno's Historia: Methods and Practices at the Court of Ferdinando II /Jakob Bek-Thomsen -- Some Observations on Nicolas Steno as a Critical Reader at the Crossroads of Natural Science and Theology: André Martin and Giordano Bruno /Frank Sobiech -- Steno in Italy: From Florence to Rome /Pina Totaro -- Back Matter -- Index of Names.