Suchergebnisse

As a knowledge condensed into a technique worked out in biology, applied in medicine and guaranteed by laws on bioethics, the HIV test is a 'hot' topic. The demand for this test is strong in many sectors having to do with risk assessment: employment, the prevention of occupational risks, insurance, etc. The ways this test has been put to use in France and the United States are compared in the field of employment. This test is part of quite distinct public regulations in each land: its uses are defined, in France, through agreements by sector but, in the United States, by law in a 'globalizing' fashion. Differences in how this test has been used are interpreted as the consequence of its social-technical properties and of the private/public levels of action wherein it is run. ; L'étude des trajectoires comparées du test VIH en France et aux États-Unis dans le domaine de l'emploi fait apparaître une différence de ses formes d'appropriation juridique, qui dépend à la fois de ses propriétés sociotechniques et des registres d'action dans lequel il se trouve inséré. Cadré progressivement par voie législative et de manière globale comme handicap aux États-Unis, par voie sectorielle et conventionnelle et comme inaptitude en France, le test s'inscrit donc dans des modes de régulation publique distincts.