Suchergebnisse

The paper takes advance of the analysis carried out in a previous work in this journal (Politica e amministrazione). Under that theoretical background, the author proposes two remedies, such as separate executive's bodies organs serving political representative form the rest of public administration and appoint the office only by merit and measure the performances of bureaucracy. In spite of this, Italian legislation issued a mechanism torpedoing KPI (Key Performance Indicators), by political omissions and recently reduced officials' responsibilities. ; Il lavoro muove da precedenti riflessioni sul rapporto tra politica e amministrazione. Se ne derivano alcune proposte – la separazione tra organi che sono a servizio della politica ed i restanti; la selezione per merito e la conferma in base ai risultati, per i secondi. Identificati i problemi della relazione, se ne mettono in luce le storture quanto alla misurazione della performance della burocrazia, a causa della mancata assunzione di responsabilità degli organi politici. Anche le recenti riforme, dirette a ridurre la responsabilità dei funzionari, non sembrano andare nella direzione corretta, perché la buona amministrazione deriva da funzionari capaci e non irresponsabili.

The Chinese reforms of state bureaucracy carried out during the period of economic modernization have tried to comply with prevailing approach in the international debate on this issue, even if the whole administrative framework of Chinese state keeps founding itself on principles as those of non neutrality of civil service & of subordination to social & political guidelines worked out by ruling Communist party. Some significant steps aimed at increasing the efficiency of bureaucracy were run in eighties & mainly in nineties. Having approved a separate career of state officials(gongwuyuan) & a set of measures which had the effect to streamline & rationalize the functioning of state administration undoubtedly helped China to conform to more advanced standards. Although the management of state cadres' career is still prerogative of party, nevertheless their recruitment based on competitions & intensive training programs have positively affected their quality & "neutrality." Another hard commitment consists actually in standardizing the procedures(guifanhua) in order to reduce the arbitrary interventions of state officials & party representatives. Adapted from the source document.

Propomos uma análise literária e social do conto «Matadores» (1991), de autoria de Marçal Aquino. Nosso objetivo é considerar o uso da ironia (no plano formal da narrativa) como estratégia para articular e intensificar a violência (plano temático), nos termos da racionalização burocrática do novo capitalismo. Essa tensão dialética implicaria no tratamento da violência como um negócio, conduzida racionalmente pelos heróis da narrativa e realizada no espaço da fronteira. Isto acontece a fim de corroer e reforçar os discursos e os mecanismos de controle sociais e literários hegemônicos, mantidos e organizados por estruturas de dominação em crise na sociedade brasileira, no período de transição entre o fim do regime militar à redemocratização. We propose a literary and social analysis of the tale «Matadores» (1991), authored by Marçal Aquino. Our purpose is to consider the use of irony (in formal narrative plan) as a strategy to coordinate and intensify violence (thematic plan), under the bureaucratic rationalization of new capitalism. This dialectic tension would imply in treating violence as a business, rationally conducted by the heroes of the narrative and held in the border area. This happens to corrode and strengthen the speeches and social control mechanisms, and literary hegemonic, maintained and organized by structures of domination in crisis in Brazilian society, in the transition period between the end military rule to democracy.

Archivo personal de Franz Hinkelammert. ; Conferencia pronunciada en la inauguración de la segunda promoción del Postgrado Centroamericano en Economía y Planificación del Desarrollo, de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, marzo de 1980

[Mobility between Army, City Senates and Bureaucracy in the Legislation of the Emperor Valentinian] In the later Roman empire, the sons of soldiers were legally compelled to follow in their father's footsteps. However, several laws of Valentinian I from the years 371-2 show how in practice the constraints were far less rigid than the imperial constitutions themselves prescribed. Sons of veterans are attested within the city senates or in service in the offices of the bureaucracy; likewise, officiales made their entry into the army. The imperial chancellery recognized the legitimacy of some of these situations which, while contradicting the principle of the inheritance of the function, had to prove advantageous for the same authority.

The paper intends to investigate the sources of the very concept of charisma in Max Weber, starting from some polemical readings made by Carl Schmitt. Aside from theologian Karl Holl, particular attention is devoted to Protestant jurist Rudolf Sohm and to his masterwork Kirchenrecht (1892). Weber started to read it attentively in 1909, at the beginning of his project called Economy and Society, In the writings that make the most of this posthumous work that he never really ended, charisma is meant as the non-juridical key for official and hierarchic organizations – Roman Church may not be the only good example: charisma creates concrete social associations elsewhere. Gradually, such organizations get more and more legal, as long as they lose their 'extraordinary' traits. The analysis will show how obedience and recognition are originally created by charisma and how they structure the ties that bind the followers to their leader, a hero, a prophet, or similar charismatic personalities. Being originally anti-economic, anti-institutional, charisma gets to be gradually objectified in a legal order provided with specific economical traits. In its last part, the paper analyses the famous conference Max Weber held in Munich in 1919, Politics as Vocation. Politics is identified as the intersection between charisma and bureaucracy, in the handling of the relationship between the two elements of devotion to the leader and the cause (what he calls the 'demon') and the party machine. ; Il contributo, sfruttando alcune letture polemiche di Carl Schmitt, si propone di indagare le fonti del concetto di carisma in Max Weber, rivolgendo particolare attenzione, oltre al teologo Karl Holl, al giurista protestante Rudolf Sohm e alla sua opera Kirchenrecht (1892), che da Weber fu approfondita agli albori del progetto di scrittura di Economia e società, a partire dal 1909. Negli scritti del lascito di quest'opera, il carisma diventa il perno non giuridico di un'organizzazione ufficiale e gerarchica – dalla Chiesa la casistica si allarga a numerose formazioni sociali – che assume tratti giuridici sempre più spiccati man mano che perde il suo tratto straordinario, che aveva originariamente creato obbedienza e riconoscimento nel seguito di un capo, sia questo un eroe, un profeta o un'altra figura carismatica. Originariamente anti-economico, anti-istituzionale, il carisma si oggettiva gradualmente in un ordinamento giuridico dalle spiccate valenze economiche. Nella parte finale viene analizzato un aspetto della conferenza di Monaco Politica come professione (1919), dove la politica viene individuata precisamente nell'intersezione tra il carisma e la burocrazia, nella gestione del rapporto tra la dedizione al capo e alla causa (quel che chiama il 'demone') e l'organizzazione della macchina partitica.