Suchergebnisse

This guide was prepared by the Early Learning Partnership (ELP) team at the World Bank as a resource for policy makers and development professionals interested in improving access to high-quality Early Childhood Development (ECD) services. It brings together a selection of approaches to ECD that have been implemented with promising results in low- or middle-income countries (or both). The list of programs and approaches highlighted here is by no means exhaustive; rather, those cited have been selected based on (i) some evidence of their positive impact or documentation of their results and (ii) their relevance to common needs and questions posed by governments and World Bank staff working in ECD.

Early care and education program interventions often focus on providing training, sometimes combined with coaching, to classroom educators. However, such interventions are uneven in their effectiveness. We describe the development of the Ready Educators Quality Improvement Pilot (REQIP), an intervention that integrates two approaches—one that focuses on the workforce through training and coaching at the educator level, and another approach that focuses on the program in which the educators work, through executive coaching for administrators and consultations on the classroom, building spaces, and curriculum materials. Ten center-based programs and over 60 educators participated in a 19-month intervention and evaluation. This article discusses the challenges faced during implementation and implications for practice, results of the evaluation, and implications for other applications of social science.

Eighteen new chapters have been added to the 2000 edition of this valuable Handbook, which serves as a core text for students and experienced professionals who are interested in the health and well being of young children. It serves as a comprehensive reference for graduate students, advanced trainees, service providers, and policy makers in such diverse fields as child care, early childhood education, child health, and early intervention programs for children with developmental disabilities and children in high risk environments. This book will be of interest to a broad range of disciplines including psychology, child development, early childhood education, social work, pediatrics, nursing, child psychiatry, physical and occupational therapy, speech and language pathology, and social policy. A scholarly overview of the underlying knowledge base and practice of early childhood intervention, it is unique in its balance between breadth and depth and its integration of the multiple dimensions of the field

Intro -- Introduction -- Part One: International Perspectives: Models, Systems, And Practices Of Early Intervention -- Early Intervention In The Usa: Programs, Models, And Practices -- Early Intervention In Germany -- Early Intervention In Sweden -- Early Intervention In Russia -- Part Two: Developmental Assessment, Risk Factors, And Outcomes -- Prognostic Significance Of Risk Factors, Neonatal Imaging Findings, And Early Neurodevelopmental Assessments -- A Developmental Screening Questionnaire For Five-Year-Olds -- Diachronic Developmental Assessment Of Mentally Handicapped Young Children -- The Significance Of Biological And Psychosocial Risks For Preschool-Age Behavior Problems -- Part Three: Family And The Early Intervention Process -- The Service System And Its Effects On Families: An Ecological Perspective -- Family Expectations, Encounters, And Needs -- Parenting Stress In Early Intervention -- Family Dynamics And Development In Children At Risk -- Social Support And Coping In Families Of Children At Risk For Developmental Disabilities -- Preschool Integration Or: Who Is Afraid Of Little Jessica? -- Part Four: Planning And Evaluation Of Early Intervention -- Recent Trends And Issues In Program Evaluation In Early Intervention -- Using Assessment Outcomes For Intervention Planning: A Necessary Relationship -- How To Detect Effects? Power And Clinical Significance In Early Intervention Research -- Meta-Analyses Of Early Intervention: A Methodological And Content-Related Evaluation -- Supportive Organizational Variables In Early Intervention Centers: Empirical Results And Recommendations -- Part Five: Practice Of Early Intervention -- Early Intervention For Low-Birthweight, Premature Infants: Findings From The Infant Health And Development Program -- Enhancing Communication In Early Childhood.

Epilepsy is the most frequent chronic neurological disorder in children and the majority of children with epilepsy is treated with antiepileptic drugs. Despite the development and availability of more than thirty antiepileptic drugs by now, evidence for their efficacy and tolerability in children with epilepsy is generally limited. However, our studies have shown that the use of newer antiepileptic drugs in the children is still increasing, despite limited evidence and lacking formal registration. More research is therefore needed, but due to logistic, regulatory, legal and ethical issues this remains challenging, as we have experienced ourselves with a randomized controlled trial that had to be stopped prematurely. Changes in the legislation for registration of new antiepileptic drugs for children and international collaborating networks will hopefully lead to more evidence based pharmacotherapy. Furthermore, precision medicine, a personal treatment based on individual characteristics, may become the keystone in the treatment of children with epilepsy. Better insight in the mechanisms of other treatment modalities as cannabidiol, ketogenic diet and neurostimulation, together with advancements in epilepsy surgery, will hopefully lead to broader applicability of all these modalities for children with epilepsy. Introducing ketogenic diet as an all-liquid formulation in an outpatient setting is one of the alternatives we investigated to make ketogenic diet more accessible for some patients/parents. Ketogenic diet can also be considered in children with very rare diseases with comorbid epilepsy, like North See Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy.