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凌友詩. ; 本論文於1997年9月15日呈交. ; 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 1998. ; 附參考文獻 ; 中英文摘要. ; Ling Youshi. ; Chapter 第一章 --- 緖論 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 本論文的研究焦點與研究目的 --- p.1 ; Chapter 第二節 --- 文獻回顧 --- p.8 ; Chapter 第三節 --- 本論文主要內容 --- p.21 ; Chapter 第四節 --- 系統論及其在本論文中的應用 --- p.25 ; Chapter 第五節 --- 歷史制度學派及其在本論文中的應用 --- p.30 ; Chapter 第六節 --- 本論文研究範疇(Scope) --- p.34 ; Chapter 第七節 --- 本論文的資料來源 --- p.39 ; Chapter 第二章 --- 中國政治系統的意識形態與政治文化 --- p.40 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 蘇維埃國家的意識形態與政治文化 --- p.42 ; Chapter 第二節 --- 政治文化與中央地方關係 --- p.49 ; Chapter 第三節 --- 經濟改革與政治改革對政治文化的影響 --- p.55 ; Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.58 ; Chapter 第三章 --- 中國政治系統的權力結構-中央政府與地方政府 --- p.61 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 分工性地方分權 --- p.64 ; Chapter 第二中 --- 央集權的立法體制 --- p.68 ; Chapter 第三節 --- 中央政府對地方政府的授權方式 --- p.71 ; Chapter 第四節 --- 民主集中制的廣泛應用 --- p.73 ; Chapter 第五節 --- 「條條」與「塊塊」 --- p.84 ; Chapter 第六節 --- 體制改革與權力結構 --- p.88 ; Chapter 第七節 --- 小結 --- p.96 ; Chapter 第四章 --- 中國政治系統的權力結構- 共產黨對地方政府的領導 --- p.98 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 政治、思想組織的領導 --- p.99 ; Chapter 第二節 --- 組織的領導一地方黨委和黨組 --- p.103 ; Chapter 第三節 --- 人事方面的領導一「黨管幹部」 --- p.109 ; Chapter 第四節 --- 政治體制改革對「共產黨領導」的影響 --- p.114 ; Chapter 第五節 --- 改革開放後加強黨的領導 --- p.121 ; Chapter 第六節 --- 小結 --- p.131 ; Chapter 第五章 --- 政治系統的秩序與凝聚力的來源-集團政治 --- p.132 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 對兩個有關中央控制地方的研究的補充 --- p.136 ; Chapter 第二節 --- 共產黨作為一個「集團」在政治分析上的重要性 --- p.139 ; Chapter 第三節 --- 省級精英研究一領導幹部的出身背景 --- p.144 ; Chapter 第四節 --- 省級精英研究一領導幹部的仕進模式 --- p.153 ; Chapter 第五節 --- 省級精英研究一領導幹部的交叉任職 --- p.163 ; Chapter 第六節 --- 在經濟建設的同時加強黨的建設 --- p.170 ; Chapter 第七節 --- 小結 --- p.176 ; Chapter 第六章 --- 經濟管理權下放的意涵及影響 --- p.178 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 權力下放在整個政治系統裡的意義 --- p.179 ; Chapter 第二節 --- 八〇年代下放的經濟管理權 --- p.184 ; Chapter 第三節 --- 經濟管理權下放後的地方現象 --- p.189 ; Chapter 第四節 --- 從地方投資行為看地方利益的性質 --- p.193 ; Chapter 第五節 --- 地方問題的成因及其根本解決 --- p.200 ; Chapter 第六節 --- 小結 --- p.211 ; Chapter 第七章 --- 地方分歧的典型個案 --- p.212 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 七八年後中央處理地方分歧的原則 --- p.213 ; Chapter 第二節 --- 上海要求調整財稅分成 --- p.216 ; Chapter 第三節 --- 八五年海南汽車倒賣事件 --- p.222 ; Chapter 第四節 --- 葉選平邀集各省代表反對中央經濟緊縮政策 --- p.229 ; Chapter 第五節 --- 小結 --- ...

P. 1: (Chinesisch). - 6 S.; P. 2: Proceeding. - (Chinesisch). - I,67 S. : 7 graph. Darst., 4 Kt., 6 Tab., Lit.Hinw.; P. 3: Proceeding. - (Englisch). - 57 S. : 11 graph. Darst., 1 Kt., 6 Tab

submitted by Li Jiehui. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 119-126). ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; Acknowledgements --- p.v ; Abstract --- p.vi ; Abbreviations --- p.viii ; Tables and figures --- p.ix ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- The research question --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- The research method --- p.3 ; Chapter 1.2.1 --- The legal and political scales --- p.3 ; Chapter 1.2.2 --- The adaptation of Page's method in China --- p.5 ; Chapter 1.2.3 --- The utilities of the two scales --- p.6 ; Chapter 1.3 --- The research plan --- p.8 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Central-local relations in China: an overview --- p.10 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Major reforms in central-local relations --- p.10 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Provinces under the economic cycle --- p.13 ; Chapter 2.3 --- The case of Guangdong --- p.14 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Legal assessment I: China --- p.16 ; Chapter 3.1 --- The general legal framework --- p.17 ; Chapter 3.1.1 --- Omni-competence --- p.17 ; Chapter 3.1.2 --- Dual subordination --- p.18 ; Chapter 3.1.3 --- The role of the Party --- p.20 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Legal documents and opportunities --- p.21 ; Chapter 3.2.1 --- National laws --- p.21 ; Chapter 3.2.2 --- Administrative regulations --- p.22 ; Chapter 3.2.3 --- Government/Party documents --- p.24 ; Chapter 3.2.4 --- Local legislation --- p.27 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Assessing legal localism --- p.28 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- Legal assessment II: Guangdong --- p.30 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Build up a legal framework: 1979-1988 --- p.31 ; Chapter 4.2 --- Recession: 1989-1990 --- p.34 ; Chapter 4.3 --- Legislation of interests: 1991 -now --- p.34 ; Chapter 4.3.1 --- The case of the regulation for property registration --- p.37 ; Chapter 4.4 --- Development of other provinces: a comparison --- p.40 ; Chapter 4.5 --- Major findings --- p.43 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Political assessment I: China --- p.44 ; Chapter 5.1 --- Page's methodology --- p.44 ; Chapter 5.2 --- The ...

Ben shu shi wo guo qing nian jing ji xue zhe yan jiu su lian, dong ou she hui zhu yi gai ge de zhu zuo. dui she hui zhu yi guo jia xun qiu ben min zu zhen xing de qu zhe jing li de fan si ; dui dong xi fang jing ji xue jia ge zhong ti zhi mo shi he li lun de chan shu he fen xi, gou cheng jiao wei feng fu de si xiang cai liao

In the past two decades, China has achieved world renown for reducing rural poverty. However, it is becoming harder to reduce poverty and inequality further in China, even though its economy continues to grow. This report compares the impact specific rural public investments can have on promoting growth and reducing poverty and inequality. Returns to these investments are calculated for the nation as a whole and for three economic zones in the west, central, and coastal regions of the country. Government expenditures that have the highest impact on poverty and growth include education, agricultural research and development, and rural infrastructure (roads, electricity, and telecommunications). Notably, spending on irrigation and anti-poverty loans had minimal impact. The report discusses the implications of these findings for setting future priorities for government investment. It also suggests avenues for future research and calls for a better understanding of how to improve the effectiveness of public resources. This report will be of interest to professionals involved in rural poverty reduction, rural development, agricultural growth, food security, and public investment policy. ; PR ; IFPRI1; GRP3; Theme 9; Public Policy and Investment

by Cheng Chi-man, Francis. ; Thesis submitted in: December 1998. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-199). ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; Acknowledgments --- p.i ; Abstract --- p.iii ; List of Figures --- p.v ; Chapter CHAPTER ONE: --- INTRODUCTION ; Background of This Study --- p.1 ; Aims and Objectives --- p.6 ; Conceptual Framework --- p.7 ; Civil Organization --- p.12 ; Civil Society --- p.14 ; State-Society Relationship --- p.15 ; justification of this study --- p.20 ; A Methodological Note --- p.24 ; Chapter Outline --- p.26 ; Chapter CHAPTER TWO: --- CONCEPT OF CIVIL SOCIETY REVISITED ; Introduction --- p.30 ; Western Tradition --- p.35 ; Political Society and Civil Society --- p.36 ; Economic Society and Civil Society --- p.37 ; Paradoxes of Civil Society --- p.39 ; Western Definition of Civil Society --- p.43 ; Eastern Europe Tradition --- p.45 ; Civil Society in Poland --- p.45 ; Chinese Tradition --- p.48 ; Philosophical-moral Reflection in China --- p.50 ; Historical-sociological Reflection in China --- p.53 ; Concluding Remarks --- p.56 ; Chapter CHAPTER THREE: --- "STATE OVERWHELMED SOCIETY: STATE- MERCHANTS RELATIONSHIP FROM EARLY TO MIDDLE QING," ; Introduction --- p.59 ; Autocratic Legacies of Qing Dynasty --- p.61 ; Merchants under Autocratic Tradition --- p.64 ; Co-hong System: Representation of State-Merchants Relationship --- p.69 ; Guilds of Merchant: A Long Haul --- p.76 ; Concluding Remarks --- p.80 ; Chapter CHAPTER FOUR: --- "GENERAL BACKGROUND OF MERCHANTS' ORGANIZATIONS AT CANTON IN THE LATE QING,1896-1911" ; Introduction --- p.84 ; Popular Type of Merchants' Organization --- p.86 ; Semi-official Type of Merchants' Organization --- p.89 ; Concluding Remarks --- p.93 ; Chapter CHAPTER FIVE: --- ANALYSIS OF CANTON GENERAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE: REALIZATION OF MERCHANTS' AUTONOMY? ; Introduction --- p.96 ; Autonomy over Election and Decision Making Process --- p.98 ; Autonomy over Finance --- p.103 ; Autonomy over ...

by Chan Tsz Fai. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-136). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; ABSTRACT --- p.iii ; 撮要 --- p.v ; TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi ; LIST OF TABLES --- p.x ; Chapter CHAPTER I --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 ; Chapter CHAPTER II --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 ; Contemporary IJVs in China --- p.6 ; Prior Analysis of IJV Partnership and Performance --- p.9 ; Definition of JVs Partnership --- p.9 ; Performance --- p.10 ; Relationship between Partnership and Performance --- p.10 ; Japanese Investment in China --- p.12 ; IJVs Problem in China: A Global Perspective --- p.15 ; Cultural Differences --- p.16 ; Language Barrier --- p.18 ; Cross Cultural Negotiation Style --- p.19 ; Management Style --- p.20 ; Government Policies --- p.22 ; Disparate Management Style between Foreign-Chinese IJVs Partnership --- p.23 ; Chinese Enterprises with Foreign Exchange Shortages --- p.25 ; Lack of Strong Technology Base of Chinese Enterprises --- p.26 ; Inadequate Infrastructure Support --- p.31 ; Hong Kong Firms' Advantage in Interconnecting Economic and Socio-Cultural Systems between the East and the West --- p.35 ; The Role of Hong Kong Companies: the Source of Boosting the Competitive Advantage of Future Foreign-Chinese Joint Venture --- p.35 ; Intermediary Organization --- p.37 ; Hong Kong: as an Economic Center for Trade and Investment to China --- p.40 ; The Japan --- p.41 ; China --- p.42 ; "Opportunities, Geographical Location and Human Factors have Brought About Hong Kong's Unique Status and Role in China's Opening Up" --- p.42 ; "Similarity Between Hong Kong, China and The West (Japan)" --- p.43 ; Trade Policy --- p.43 ; Language --- p.44 ; Geographical Proximity --- p.44 ; Infrastructure --- p.45 ; "Similarity in Cultural Systems Between Hong Kong, China and the West" --- p.45 ; Why the Intermediary Organization Formed: The Theory of International Trade in Intermediary Services --- p.50 ; Decentralization and Intermediation --- ...