Suchergebnisse

The Russian revolutions of 1905 & 1917, & the troubles which afflicted the popular democracies in 1953 & 1956 have many characteristics in common. Recent studies of revolutionary phenomena indicate that these fall into 2 categories: (1) the revolution `from below' which, involving a violent class struggle, gradually developed from a movement of the masses, & (2) the revolution `from above' which comes about through a brutal seizure of power by a revolutionary elite. The revolutions of 1905 & 1917 were mass movements which a catalytic element set off. In both instances an econ strike became a poi'al strike. Thus the popular movements of East Berlin, Vorkuta, Poznan & Budapest were similarly marked by strikes, which contributed to the creation of a pre- revolutionary situation, of which another indication was the defection of the intellectuals. However, the crisis of the socialist world has not reached the stage of maturity where a fatal repetition of the model of 1917 will occur. Tr by J. A. Broussard from IPSA.