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Volume 3General IntroductionPart 4. Labour1. Mary Lamb, ⁰́₈On Needlework⁰́₉, The Lady⁰́₉s Magazine or Entertainign Companion for the FairSex, Appropriated Solely to Their Use and Amusement, April 1815. 2. Caroline Norton, A Voice from the Factories. In Serious Verse (London, John Murray, 1836), pp. 15-23, 32, 38-40.3. Anna Jameson, The Communion of Labour, a Second Lecture on the Social Employments of Women (London, Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans & Roberts, 1856) 4. Bessie Raynor Parkes, ⁰́₈A Year⁰́₉s Experience in Woman⁰́₉s Work⁰́₉, Paper read at the conference of the National Association for Promotion of Social Science and published in English Woman⁰́₉s Journal. No 6, October, pp. 112-121. 5. Rebecca Harding Davis, ⁰́₈Life in the Iron Mills⁰́₉, The Atlantic Monthly. Vol 7, Issue 42, April 1861, pp. 430-451.6. Mary Merryweather, Experience of Factory Life: Being a Record of Fourteen Years⁰́₉ Work atMr. Courtauld⁰́₉s Silk Mill at Halstead, In Essex (London, Victorian Press, 1862), pp. 6-17, 76-79. 7. Josephine Butler, ⁰́₈The Education and Employment of Women⁰́₉, (Liverpool: T. Brakell, 1868), pp. 3-28.8. Josephine Butler, An Appeal to the People of England on the Recognition and Superintendence of Prostitution by Governments (1869).9. Emily Faithfull, ⁰́₈Women⁰́₉s Work, with Special Reference to Industrial Employment, a Paper Read at the Meeting of the Society of Arts, March 29th 1871.10. Ellen Barlee, Sketches of Working Women (London: Seeley and Co, 1871), pp. iii-iv, 190-206.11. Emma Paterson, ⁰́₈The Position of Working Women and How to Improve It⁰́₉, Labour News, April 1874, pp. 20-24. 12. Edith Simcox, ⁰́₈The Industrial Employment of Women⁰́₉, Fraser⁰́₉s Magazine, 19 February 1879, pp. 246-255.13. Victoria Jeans, Factory Act Legislation: Its Industrial and Commercial Effects, Actual and Prospective (London, T. Fisher Unwin, 1892), pp. 5-19, 81-9614. Nelly Booth Simmons, ⁰́₈Battle Hymn of Labor⁰́₉, Arena 5, March 1892, pp. 401-4.15. Adeline Knapp, One Thousand Dollars a Day: Studies in Practical Economics (Boston, TheArena Publishing Company, 1894).16. Clementina Black, An Agitator: A Novel (London: Bliss, Sands & Foster, 1894), pp. 1-14.17. Jessie Boucherett and Helen Blackburn, ⁰́₈Women⁰́₉s Work and the Factory Act⁰́₉, The Condition of Working Women and the Factory Acts (London: Elliot Stock, 1896), pp. 64-76.18. Beatrice Webb, Women and the Factory Acts, Fabian Tract No. 67. London, The Fabian Society, February 1896.19. Olive Malvery, ⁰́₈In the Sweating Dens of West and East London⁰́₉,te The Soul Market (New York, McClure, Phillips, and Company, 1907), pp. 169-181.Part 5. Poverty and Philanthropy20. Priscilla Wakefield, The Reports of the Society for Bettering the Condition and Increasing the Comforts of the Poor, Vol. IV. London, 1805, pp. 206-210.21. Emma Sheppard, Experiences of a Workhouse Visitor (London, Nisbet and Co., 1857)< pp. 3-10.22. Joanna Margaret Hill, ⁰́₈How Can We Eradicate the Pauper Taint from Our WorkhouseChildren⁰́₉, Paper read at the Social Science Congress held at Birmingham, 1868.23. Florence Nightingale, ⁰́₈A Note on Pauperism⁰́₉, 186924. Adelaide Procter, ⁰́₈The Homeless Poor⁰́₉, in The Poems of Adelaide A. Procter (NewYork: Universal Publishing Company, 1870). 25. Octavia Hill, ⁰́₈Organized Work Among the Poor⁰́₉, in Homes of the London Poor (New York, State Charities Aid Association, 1875). 26. Jane Addams, ⁰́₈The Subtle Problems of Charity⁰́₉, Atlantic Monthly. Vol. 83, Feb 1899, pp. 163-78.Index

"Microconstituents or contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) refer to any pollutants that have not previously been detected or regulated under current environmental laws, or may cause known or suspected adverse ecological and/or human health effects even at insignificant levels. They consist of pesticides, industrial chemicals, surfactants, pharmaceutical and personal care products, cyanotoxins, nanoparticles, and flame retardants, among others, that are consistently being found in groundwater, surface water, municipal wastewater, drinking water, and food sources. The presence of CECs in treated effluents and its long-term impact are to be evaluated considering their environmental partitioning and bioaccumulation potential in the aquatic species. There is an urgent need not only to develop reliable and cost-effective methods to analyze a wide range of ECs, but also to find techno-economically feasible options for their efficient removal from different ecosystems. This book is intended to provide the readers with an understanding of the occurrence and fate of microconstituents in the environment and possible management strategies. The main topics are organized into five core parts with subdivisions of each. The first part (I) deals with the fundamental ideas regarding microconstituents in the environment and consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the microconstituents and explores their various classifications, properties, and sources, as well as their impact on the environmental ecosystems and human health. The presence of microconstituents in environmental samples and the detection methodology are discussed in Chapter 2. The sampling protocols, quantification, and analysis of microconstituents are discussed in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 deals with the toxicity assessment, including acute and chronic toxicity and dose-responses studies. The second part (II) covers the fate and transportation of microconstituents in various environmental domains, including mathematical transport systems of microconstituents (Chapter 5), groundwater contamination by microconstituents (Chapter 6), microconstituent transport in surface water (Chapter 7), fate and transport of microconstituents in wastewater treatment plants (Chapter 8), atmospheric transport of microconstituents (Chapter 9) and modeling microconstituents based on remote sensing and GIS techniques (Chapter 10). The third part (III) of the book encompasses details of the various physicochemical treatment techniques of microconstituents with five chapters. Chemical precipitation (Chapter 11), adsorption (Chapter 12), ion exchange (Chapter 13), filtration and membrane separation (Chapter 14), advanced oxidation (Chapter 15) are covered in this part. The removal of microconstituents via biological treatment techniques is discussed in part IV of this book. Aerobic biological treatment (Chapter 16), anaerobic biological treatment (Chapter 17), bioelectrochemical systems (Chapter 18) and hybrid treatment solution (Chapter 19) are presented in this part. The final part (V) of this book focuses on the aspects of sustainability and environmental management, including regulatory framework (Chapter 20), laboratory to field application (Chapter 21), and sustainability outlook (Chapter 22). We hope this book will be of interest to students, scientists, engineers, government officers, process managers, and practicing professional. As a reference, this book will help the readers readily find the information they are looking for. The editors gratefully acknowledge the hard work and patience of all authors who have contributed to this book. The views or opinions expressed in each chapter of this book are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of the organizations they work for."--

Introduction to the book: indicators and post truth / Simon Bell and Stephen Morse -- Bellagio STAMP: principles for sustainability assessment and measurement / László Pintér, Peter Hardi, André Martinuzzi, Jon Hall -- Contributions to the Evolving theory and practice of indicators of sustainability / Arthur Lyon Dahl -- Substantiating the rough consensus on concept of sustainable development as point of departure for indicator development / Walter J.V. Vermeulen -- From crises and gurus to science and metrics: Yale's Environmental Performance Index and the rise of data-driven policymaking / Daniel C. Esty and John W. Emerson -- The limits of sustainability and resilience frameworks: lessons from agri-food system research / Sarah Rotz and Evan Fraser -- Lessons from the history of GDP in the effort to create better indicators of prosperity, well-being, and happiness / Robert Costanza, Maureen Hart, Ida Kubiszewski, Steve Posner, and John Talberth -- A systems-theoretical perspective on sustainable development and indicators / Paul-Marie Boulanger -- World views, interests and indicator choices / Joachim H. Spangenberg -- Sustainability indicators and certification schemes for the built environment / Catalina Turcu -- Measuring water scarcity and water consumption / Jonathan Chenoweth -- Participatory approaches for the development and evaluation of Sustainability Indicators / Simon Bell and Stephen Morse -- Environmental governance indicators and indices in support of policy-making / Dora Almassy and Laszlo Pinter -- Environmentally Sustainable National Income, an Indicator / Roefie Hueting and Bart de Boer -- Green accounting: balancing environment and economy / Peter Bartelmus -- Ecological Footprint Accounts: Principles / Mathis Wackernagel, Alessandro Galli, Laurel Hanscom, David Lin, Laetitia Mailhes and Tony Drummond -- Governing by numbers: China, Viet Nam, and Malaysia's adaptation of the Environmental Performance Index / Angel Hsu -- The Human Sustainable Development Index / Giangiacomo Bravo -- The Environmental Performance Index: does this reflect reality? / Elisabeth Conrad and Louis F Cassar -- Sustainability-related indicators developed for governments / Lucas Reijnders -- Sustainable development indicators Finland: Going from large descriptive sets to target oriented actively used indicators / Ulla Rosenström -- The Socio-Ecological System (SES) approach to sustainable development indicators / Gilberto C. Gallopin -- UNEP and the CSD process for sustainable development indicators / Arthur Lyon Dahl -- Prospects for standardising sustainable urban development / Simon Joss and Yvonne Rydin -- Stakeholder-driven initiatives using sustainability indicators / Ana Rita Domingues, Rodrigo Lozano and Tomás B. Ramos -- How evil is aggregation? lessons from the Dashboard of Sustainability / Jochen Jesinghaus -- Criteria and indicators to audit the performance of complex, multi-functional forest landscapes / Dwi Amalia Sari, Chris Margules, Agni Klintuni Boedhihartono and Jeffrey Sayer -- The devil is in the detail! Sustainability assessment of African smallholder farming by/ Wytze Marinus, Esther Ronner, Gerrie W. J. van de Ven, Fred Kanampiu, Samuel Adjei-Nsiah and Ken E. Giller -- Sustainable agricultural intensification and measuring the immeasurable: Do we have a choice? / Philip Grabowski, Mark Musumba, Cheryl Palm and Sieglinde Snapp -- Relevance: A neglected feature of sustainability indicators / Svatava Janouková, Tomás Hák and Bedrich Moldan -- Measurement matters: toward data-driven environmental policy-making / Daniel C. Esty -- Meta-evaluation of Sustainability Indicators: from organizational to national level / Tomás B. Ramos and Sandra Caeiro -- Ecological Footprint Accounts: criticisms and applications / Mathis Wackernagel, Alessandro Galli, Laurel Hanscom, David Lin, Laetitia Mailhes and Tony Drummond -- Where next? / Simon Bell and Stephen Morse

Citizen relationship management by government of india through social media channels / Rajan Gupta, University of Delhi, India, Saibal Pal, Defence Research & development Organization and Sunil K. Muttoo, University of Delhi, India -- Academia goes social media, mooc, spoc, smoc, and ssoc : the digital transformation of higher education institutions and universities / Andreas Kaplan, ESCP Europe -- Integrating relationships and community building into universities' social media marketing : implications from a case study / Jenny Hou, Massey University, New Zealand -- Social media marketing for b2b : from information to decision to retention / Roisin Vize, UCD Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School, Ireland and Monique Sherrett, University College, Dublin, Ireland -- Celebrities as human brands:an inquiry on stakeholder co-creation of brand identities / Dave Centeno, City University of Hong Kong & University of the Philippines -- Social recruitment : investing in social currency / Arti Sharma, IIM Indore and Arunava Ghosh, IIM Indore -- The struggle of secrecy, safety, and security of social media and smartphones / Ronald M. Zochalski, Jr., Indiana University Northwest -- Creating, contributing and consuming : how social media content facilitates customer's engagement behaviours / Rebecca Dolan, The University of Auckland, New Zealand, Jodie Conduit, The University of Adelaide, Australia and John Fahy, The University of Limerick, Ireland -- Social media engagement and return on engagement / Ritu Srivastava, MDI Gurgaon, India -- The consumer engagement/return on social media engagement interface : development of a conceptual model / Birgit A. A. Solem, University College of Southeast, Norway and Linda D. Hellebeek, The University of Auckland/NHH Norwegian School of Economics -- An unexpected journey : the influence of social media on consumer decision-making / Wolgang Weitzl, University of Vienna, Austria and Clemens Hutzinger, University of Innsbruck, Austria -- Network effects of dynamic social interactions on consumer choices in online communities : role of firm's strategic manipulation / Shameek Sinha, IE Business School, Madrid, Spain and Sreyaa Guha, IE Business School, Madrid, Spain -- Creepy and intrusive : a consumers' perspective of online personalized advertisements / Arlonda Stevens, Case Western Reserve University, USA and Casey Newmeyer, Case Western Researve University, USA -- Social media measurement and monitoring / Mudra Mukesh, University of Greenwich, UK and Anand Rao, Mindtree Ltd -- Attitude to brands and advertisement : qualitative and thematic analysis of social media data / Emmanuel Mogaji, University of Bedfordshire, UK and Temitope Farinloye, Questbury Research Services, UK -- Strategizing your social media presence / Francesca Pucciarelli, ESCP Europe, Turin, Italy -- Salient role and centrality of trust in social media marketing -- Anil bhat, bits pilani, india and nirankush datta, bits, pilani, india -- Trust relationships in social networks : a typology of strategies for communication between companies and their consumers / Zandra Balbinot, University of Quebec in Montreal and Sandrine Prom Tep, University of Quebec in Montreal -- Like-influencer framework : a study of factors influencing click of `like¿ option by users on facebook / Rashmi Sharma, Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Management Review, India -- Mechanisms for incentivizing and encouraging online social interactions : an experiment analysing the role of recommendations and rewards on advertisement sharing behaviour / William Feitosa -- The rise of social media: implications for marketing in emerging markets' / Ogechi Adeola, Pan Atlantic University, Nigeria -- Profiling youth on the basis of their motivations for social media political participation : implications for political marketers / Devinder Pal Singh, Punjabi Univeristy, India -- Privacy and information trading in social media applications / Sandhya Narayanan and Dr. Richa Agrawal,Dept. of Management Studies,IIT Madras

This innovative new handbook offers a comprehensive overview of the ways in which domestic education policy is framed and influenced by global institutions and actors. Surveys current debates about the role of education in a global polity, highlights key transnational policy actors, accessibly introduces research methodologies, and outlines global agendas for education reformIncludes contributions from an international cast of established and emerging scholars at the forefront of the field thoughtfully edited and organized by a team of world-renowned global education policy expertsEach section features a thorough introduction designed to facilitate readers' understanding of the subsequent material and highlight links to interdisciplinary global policy scholarshipWritten in an accessible and engaging style that will appeal to domestic and international policy practitioners, social scientists, and education scholars alike Karen Mundyis a Professor, Associate Dean of Research, and Canada Research Chair at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto, where she directs the Comparative, International and Development Education Centre (CIDEC). Her research has focuses on the global politics of 'education for all' programs and policies, education reform in sub-Saharan Africa, the role of civil society in the reform of educational systems, and the policy influence of international organizations, such as the World Bank, UNESCO and the WTO. A former president of the Comparative International Education Society, Dr. Mundy has published five books and more than four dozen articles and book chapters, and is a contributor to dozens of policy papers and reports. Andy Green is Professor of Comparative Social Science at UCL Institute of Education and Director of the ESRC Centre for Learning and Life Chances. A frequent consultant to international bodies, such as CEDEFOP, the European Commission, OECD and UNESCO, and to the UK government departments, Dr. Green has published eighteen books, including: Education, Globalization and the Nation State (1997); Regimes of Social Cohesion: Societies and the Crisis of Globalization (2014, with J.G. Janmaat) and Education and State Formation: Europe, East Asia and the USA (2013). He was elected an Academician of the UK Academy of Social Science in 2010. Bob Lingardis a Professorial Research Fellow in the School of Education at the University of Queensland, Australia. A Fellow of the Australian Academy of Social Sciences and Editor of the journal Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, Dr. Lingard has published twenty books, including most recently Globalizing Educational Policy(2010) (with Fazal Rizvi), Politics, Policies and Pedagogies in Education: The Selected Works of Bob Lingard(2014) and Globalizing Educational Accountabilities(2015) (with Wayne Martino, Goli Rezai-Rashti and Sam Sellar). He has also published more than one hundred journal articles and book chapters in the sociology of education. Antoni Vergeris a Senior Researcher in the Department of Sociology at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. A former post-doctoral researcher at the Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research of the University of Amsterdam, Dr. Verger research specializes on two main areas: the global governance of education and education privatization policies. He has published more than four dozen articles, book chapters and books on these themes, including WTO/GATS and the Global Politics of Higher Education(Routledge, 2010), and Global Education Policy and International Development: New Agendas, Issues and Programmes(Bloosmbury, 2012).

Chapter 1: The indigenous African system of criminal justice -- What is criminal justice? -- Description of the indigenous African criminal justice system -- Relationship between indigenous African religions and indigenous African justice system -- Effectiveness of traditional African criminal justice system -- Kings or community head as adjudicators -- Indigenous African courtroom, procedure, punishment, enforcement and records -- Between restorative justice approach and indigenous African justice system -- Merits of restorative justice approach -- Demerits of restorative justice approach -- Swaziland (the Swazi of South Africa) -- Umhlanga (the reed dance) festival -- Concept of human rights -- Chapter 2: Land tenure under the indigenous African justice system -- Dwelling arrangements among African community landowners -- Traditional settlement of land dispute -- Chapter 3: Criminal justice and marriage in Africa -- Customary marriage -- Introduction of formal customary court to Nigeria -- Islamic marriage -- Civil marriage -- The offence of bigamy -- Bigamy versus African tradition -- Inheritance -- Chapter 4: Criminal justice and Islam in Africa -- Resemblance of some Sunna rules and English legal rules -- Introduction of Sharia to some states in Nigeria -- Chapter 5: Criminal justice and Old-Testament Christianity in Africa -- DNA, new evidence, res judicata, issue estoppel, and functus officio -- Principle of non-finality of judgment -- Exoneration through DNA result several years after sentence -- Chapter 6: Criminal justice and New-Testament Christianity in Africa -- Punishment and pardon under modern Christian doctrine and formal legal tradition -- Religion and social justice -- Between foreign and African religions -- African religion, tradition and justice -- Christianity and the rate of crime -- Chapter 7: Criminal justice and colonial rule -- Types of criminal justice administered by colonial masters -- Territories annexed by the colonial masters -- Criminal justice in British colonies in Africa -- Criminal justice in French colonies in Africa -- Criminal justice in Morocco -- Revision of Moroccan criminal procedure law -- Criminal justice in Portuguese African colonies -- Mozambique -- Colonial and post-colonial African discriminatory traditions against women -- Women's cleansing in Malawi -- Breast ironing in Cameroon -- Women's right of inheritance in Botswana -- Chapter 8: Criminal justice in apartheid South Africa -- Nelson Mandela -- The Rivonia trial -- Steve Bantu Biko -- Chapter 9: Criminal justice and military authorities in Africa -- The rule of law -- Human right activism under military government in Nigeria -- Military regimes and the press in Nigeria -- Attempts at private criminal prosecution -- Chapter 10: Criminal justice and the labor movement in Africa -- Labor unionists' persecution in South Africa -- Labor unionism, pro-democracy activists and political overlords -- Chapter 11: Criminal justice under African sit-tight leaders -- Ethnic self determination under civilian and military regimes -- Ethnic security and self defence with its consequencies -- The court, the people's struggle, and military dictatorship -- Chapter 12: Prisons in African countries: issues and reforms -- Physical outlook of prison facilities -- Location of prison facilities -- Decentralization of management structure of centralized prisons -- Undue delay in criminal trial -- Inadequate personnel, facilities, tools, and infrastructure -- Women and children in prison -- Health care services -- Prison alternative programs -- Rehabilitation and re-entry -- Pro bono services -- Victims of crime -- African countries with capital and or imprisonment as maximum form of punishment -- Chapter 13: Regular courts in Nigeria -- The Supreme Court, Court of Appeal, High Court, etc -- The state courts recognized by the Constitution -- Criminal justice and people's courts in Nigeria -- Advantages of the people's courts -- Disadvantages of the people's courts -- Chapter 14: Funding bodies and organizations for justice and peace in Africa -- The United Nations -- Individual, family, corporate, national, and regional grantmakers to Africa

Despite the accepted fact that a substantial part of the risk and return of any portfolio comes from asset allocation, we find today that the majority of investment professionals worldwide are focused on security selection. Multi-Asset Investing: A Practitioner's Frameworkquestions this basic structure of the investment process and investment industry.Who says we have to separate alpha and beta?Are the traditional definitions for risk and risk premium relevant in a multi-asset class world?Do portfolios cater for the 'real risks' in their investment processes?Does the whole Emerging Markets demarcation make sense for investing?Why do active Asian managers perform much poorer compared to developed market managers?Can you distinguish how much of a strategy's performance comes from skill rather than luck?Does having a performance fee for your manager create alignment or misalignment?Why is the asset management transitioning from multi-asset strategies to multi-asset solutions?These and many other questions are asked, and suggestions provided as potential solutions. Having worked together for fifteen years, the authors' present implementable solutions which have helped them successfully manage large asset pools.The Academic Perspective'Multi-Asset Investing asks fundamental questions about the asset allocation investment processes in use today, and can have a substantial impact on the future structure of the finance industry. It clarifies and distils the techniques that investment professionals need to master to add value to client portfolios.'-Paul Smith, President CEO, CFA Institute'Pranay Gupta, Sven Skallsjo, and Bing Li describe the essential concepts and applications of multi-asset investing. Their treatment is far ranging and exceptionally lucid, and always with a nod to practical application. Buy this book and keep it close at hand.'-Mark Kritzman, MIT Sloane School of Management'Innovative solutions to some of the most difficult investment problems we are faced with today. Multi-asset Investing tackles investment issues which don't have straight forward solutions, but nevertheless are faced by every investment professional. This book sets the standard for investment processes of all asset managers.' -SP Kothari, MIT Sloane School of ManagementThe Asset Owner Perspective'Multi-asset means different things to different people. This is the first text that details a comprehensive framework for managing any kind of multi-asset investment problem. Further, its explanation of the commercial aspects of managing a multi-asset investment business for an asset manager, private bank or asset owner make it an indispensable tool'-Sadayuki Horie, Dy. Chairman - Investment Advisory Comm., Government Pension Investment Fund, Japan'Multi-Asset Investing shows the substantial scope there is to innovate the asset allocation process. With its novel approaches to allocation, portfolio construction and risk management it demonstrates the substantial value that can be added to any portfolio. The solutions proposed by Multi-Asset Investing are creative, thought provoking, and may well be the way all portfolios need to be managed in the future.'-Mario Therrien, Senior Vice President, Caisse de Depot et Placement du Quebec, CanadaThe Asset Manager's Perspective'Never has astute asset allocation and diversification been more crucial than today. Asset Managers which are able to innovate their investment processes and products in this area, are more likely to be the winners. Multi-Asset Investing provides both

Absolute income hypothesis -- Accelerator principle -- Ackley, Hugh Gardner -- Adjustment mechanisms of the basic classical and Keynesian models -- Aggregate demand-aggregate supply model and diagram -- Arrow, Kenneth J. -- Austrian School of Economics -- Automatic stabilizers -- Balance of payments : Keynesian and monetarist approaches -- Baumol, William J. -- Bloomsbury Group -- Boulding, Kenneth E. -- Bretton Woods -- Brown, Arthur J. -- Brunner, Karl -- Burns, Arthur F. -- Business cycle theory (I) -- Business cycle theory (II) -- Cagan, Phillip -- Cambridge Circus -- Cassel, Gustav -- Champernowne, David G. -- Chicago School of Economics -- Clark, Colin -- Classical economics -- Clower, Robert W. -- Consumption and the consumption function -- Coordination failures and Keynesian economics -- Crowding out -- Currie, Lauchlin -- Davidson, Paul -- Deficits : cyclical and structural -- Demand management -- Depression, The Great -- Dillard, Dudley -- Domar, Evsey D. -- Dornbusch, Rudiger -- Dual decision hypothesis -- Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models -- Econometric models, Macroeconomic -- Economics of Keynes and of his revolution, Key elements of the -- Economics, The art of -- Edgeworth, Francis Y. -- Employment Act of 1946 -- Expectations, Theories of -- Fellner, William J. -- Fiscal policy -- Fischer, Stanley -- Friedman, Milton -- Frisch, Ragnar -- Full employment budget -- Functional finance -- Galbraith, John K. -- Gesell, Silvio -- Government investment programs (the socialization of investment) -- Grossman, Herschel I. -- Haavelmo, Trygve -- Hahn, Frank H. -- Hansen, Alvin H. -- Harcourt, Geoff -- Harrod, Sir Roy -- Hawtrey, Sir Ralph -- Hayek, Friedrich A. von -- Heckman, James, J. -- Heller, Walter W. -- Henderson, Sir Hubert D. -- Hicks, Sir John R. -- Incomes policies -- Inflation -- Interest, Theories of -- International Clearing Union -- IS/LM model and diagram -- Johnson, Harry Gordon -- Jorgenson, Dale W. -- Kahn, Lord Richard F. -- Kaldor, Lord Nicholas -- Kalecki, Michal -- Keynes, John Maynard -- Keynes, John N. -- Keynes and probability -- Keynes, The influence of Burke and Moore on -- Keynes?, What remains of -- Keynes's economics, National income accounting activism and -- Keynesian Cross -- Keynesian economics, Deficit finance in -- Keynesian indicators -- Keynesian revolution -- Keynesianism in America -- Klein, Lawrence R. -- Kregel, Jan A. -- Kuznets, Simon -- Lausanne, The School of -- Leijonhufvud, Axel -- Lender of last resort -- Leontief, Wassily W. -- Lerner, Abba P. -- Life cycle hypothesis -- Lipsey, Richard G. -- Liquidity trap -- Lucas, Jr., Robert E. -- Lucas critique -- Lundberg, Erik -- Machlup, Fritz -- Malinvaud, Edmond -- Markowitz, Harry M. -- Marshall, Alfred -- Marshall and Keynes -- McFadden, Daniel -- Meade, James E. -- Meltzer, Allan H. -- Merton, Robert C. and Myron S. Scholes -- Metzler, Lloyd A. -- Microfoundations of macroeconomics -- Minsky, Hyman P. -- Modigliani, Franco -- Monetary policy -- Monetizing the (federal) debt -- Money -- Multiplier effect -- Mundell, Robert A. -- Mundell-Fleming model -- Myrdal, Gunnar -- Neoclassical synthesis (bastard Keynesianism) -- New classical school of economics -- New Keynesian macroeconomics -- Niemeyer, Sir Otto E. -- Ohlin, Bertil -- Okun, Arthur M. -- Okun's law -- Permanent income hypothesis -- Phillips, A.W.H. -- Phillips curve -- Pigou, Arthur C. -- Post Keynesian school of economics -- Post Walrasian economics -- Prospect theory -- Quantity theory of money -- Real balance effect -- Relative income hypothesis -- Ricardian equivalence -- Ricardo effect -- Robbins, Lord Lionel -- Robertson, Sir Dennis H. -- Robinson, Joan -- Rothschild, Kurt W. -- Samuelson, Paul A. -- Say's law -- Schumpeter, Joseph A. -- Schwartz, Anna J. -- Shackle, G.L.S. -- Sharpe, William F. -- Solow, Robert M. -- Sraffa, Piero -- Stein, Herbert -- Stockholm School of Economics -- Stone, Sir John Richard N. -- Structured financial products -- Swan, Trevor W. -- Tarshis, Lorie -- Tobin, James -- Townsend, Robert -- Treasury view -- Viner, Jacob -- Weintraub, Sidney -- White, Harry D. -- Wicksell, Knut.

Facts and figures indicate a continuously increasing societal welfare. But what about its impacts on the environment? The growing wealth has been accompanied by environmental degradation, deforestation, losses in bio-diversity, global warming, air pollution, depletion of the ozone layer, and overfishing. Recent measurements have been performed related to the depletion of natural resources showing that humans currently use the resources of 1.25 Earths. At the current consumption levels of high-income countries, the world could only sustainably support 1.75 billion people, not the 6.5 billion living on Earth today. Fortunately ecological awareness is consensus today and reaches far more social levels than just greenies and do-gooders - see the LOHAS trend in this book as an example. Governments have recognized that environmental protection is a worldwide concern that can be solved solely through co-operation. Especially renewable energy has reached the top of the agendas of the United Nations, the G8, and other multilateral fora. At the last conference of the UN climate council the participants noticed that the technologies, required to limit the greenhouse gas emission, are available and affordable. Thus the framework for a change is established and available. It´s up to mankind to carry out the transformation. This book gives an insight into the current social transformation that is underway. Research indicates that societies are undergoing a decisive and formative value transformation, away from a pure materialistic and monetary mindset towards a lifestyle of health and sustainability and a better quality of life. Surveys also revealed that although people, especially in the developed countries, continuously got richer over the last 50 years they did not become happier. This finding was responsible that the science of happiness research experienced a tremendous increasing attention over the last 10 years and that even on governmental level the opinion became accepted that we have to go beyond GDP. Impacts of this value transformation are already visible today in several industries. Starting with a brief description of the historical evolution of the industries, followed by some critical words about welfare and environmental pollution vital signs indicating that societies worldwide are going through a change are highlighted. A deeper look will be taken into the powerful LOHAS trend, corporate social responsibility, governmental and non-governmental initiatives - especially the discussion to go beyond GDP and the mighty upcoming science happiness research - and the remarkable boom of the renewable energies. Before concluding with a short summary, the impacts of that transformation on several industries are identified and described.Juergen Mohr was born 1968 in Nuremberg. Based on his studies of Physics that he successfully completed in 1995 with the degree Diploma, Juergen Mohr decided to improve his professional qualifications in the area of business administration and corporate management. From October 2006 to January 2009 Juergen Mohr graduated an international part-time MBA studies in General Management at the Georg-Simon-Ohm Management-Institute in Nuremberg with distinction and best graduate of the year. During his studies he deeply looked into the science happiness research, the sustainable development, and the societal change currently underway, summarizing his results in the book at hand. In his private life Juergen Mohr supports several non-governmental organizations focused on social justice and environmental protection.

There is a widening gap between democracy as a theory and its practice. While supposedly a solution to the problems of the developing world, in practice democracy has more often led to instability, civil wars, genocides, fundamentalism, crime and corruption. In contrast, in the West, voting rights were extended gradually over a century or two, in tandem with economic empowerment and also social awakening. The democratic republics that evolved out of this long process were stable and progressive. In the developing world, a shortcut to the end and premature political opening up has proven disastrous for many a nation like Nigeria, Iraq, Congo, Kenya, Pakistan, South Africa, etc. Even in the few stable ones like India, democracy has failed to make a dent in poverty alleviation and has instead got caught in divisive election stunts. At the same time, some unitary states like China have surged far ahead of others and broken out of the largely poor and deteriorating mould. Why? What are the reasons democracy does not work in the developing world? Could it be made to work through improvements, or is it the wrong model altogether? The notion that democracy is going to transform our world holds little credence to anyone who has witnessed its true colors like the author has, hailing from India and also having lived in China and some other countries. Thus as a scientist and researcher, she has studied the history, politics and economics of some 150 countries across the world. The book delves into the complex world of subversive election winning strategies, secession movements, coalition governments, the meaning of freedom to people living amidst violence and poverty, as well as a study of other sociopolitical systems. Without any a priori theories, willing to go where the evidence leads, the author is able to point out the emperor's new clothes for what they truly are. It may be time to challenge our perfect theory as democracy may not be the answer to the developing worlds problems. The quest for truth leads us to surprising answers in terms of progressive transient alternatives for the developing world, as well as some pointers for streamlining democracy, the system per se. Democracy on Trial is a compelling discovery of fresh answers and pragmatic solutions to the pressing problems of our times from large-scale abject poverty in developing countries across Asia and Africa to many civil wars and ongoing mayhem in others. One book that comes close to the perspective in Democracy on Trial, All Rise! is The Future of Freedom by Fareed Zakaria. Zakaria's is the first book to acknowledge democracy's failure in the developing world, but it leaves the important question what is the alternative largely unanswered and falls back on rationalizations to conclude. Most of the current literature on democracy is primarily theoretical in nature and addresses some of its faults; but democracy per se is eulogized. The new title is different in that it answers the question of what is the alternative or a way forward based on an empirical analysis that carries the reader along to the conclusions. The perspective is new, as yet unexplored, and marries the progressive with the pragmatic.

Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction -- 2. The Water Environment and National Planning -- Water in the Economy -- Priority of the Water Agenda -- Investments in the Water Sector -- How does the Water Sector Relate to the Economy as a Whole? -- Need for a Multi-disciplinary Approach -- Horizontal and Vertical Inter-linkages in Water Sector Planning -- Towards Integrated Water Resource Strategies -- Methodological Overview -- Methodologies for Economic Planning -- Environmental Accounts and Engineering Teclniques -- Study Focus: Trigger Effects of Water in the Economy -- An Empirical Example: Morocco -- The Methodology -- Account Balances -- Material Balances -- The Hydrological Balance -- Water Resource Planning and Management -- River Basin Approach -- Water Allocation System -- Intersectoral Water Allocation -- Shadow Price of Water -- Incorporating Uncertainty into the Process -- Integrating Water into the Macroeconomic System -- Balancing Water-Related Activities -- Water as Part of the Production Process of the Economic Sectors -- Merging the Two Accounts: Water and the Economy -- Economic Impact Analysis -- Leonriefs Input-Output Analysis -- Multipliers and Ratios -- Economy-Wide Value of Water -- Framework for an Integrated Water Resource Strategy -- Scenarios for Selected Water Policy Options -- Towards an Action Plan -- Conclusion -- 4. Application: Case Study of Morocco -- Morocco -- The Moroccan Economy -- Overview of the Water Sector in Morocco -- Water-Stress Situation -- Oum Er Rbia, Bou Regrag and Sebou River Basins -- Institutional Framework -- The Social Account Matrix for Morocco -- Macro-Economic Integrated Analysis of Hydrology Model (MEIAH) -- Modeling Approach -- A User-Friendly Framework -- The Moroccan Base Scenario -- Base Scenario Results and Economic Framework -- Analysis of the River Basin Approach -- Urban Demand: Domestic and Industry -- Agricultural Production and Trade -- Water Accounts for the Base Scenario-Adjustment of -- Three-Basin Data to National Level -- Water Input-Output Table for Morocco -- Water Input-Output Table -- Closed Matrix to Households -- Multipliers and Ratios -- Output Multipliers -- Income Multipliers -- Employment Multipliers -- Water Use Multipliers -- Macro-Economic Value of Water -- Economic Effects -- A Linear Programming Approach -- Scenario Analysis -- Sensitivity to Water Availability -- Economy-Wide Demand Curve -- Interpretation -- Conclusion -- 5. Economic Analysis and Policy Implications -- Moving Beyond the Scenario of the Present to Evaluate -- Possible Future Scenarios -- Sustaining the Environment -- Environmental Scenario Analysis -- Domestic Policy Reforms -- Not All Policy Options Are Analysed Here -- Cropping-Pattern Policy-Scenario C -- Global Balance and Inter-Basin Transfers -- Cost to the Government and Pricing Policies -- International Policies: Scenarios D and E -- Scenario D: Free Trade with 50% Freeing of Cropping Patterns -- Scenario E: The Relationship Among Water, Trade, and -- Food Security -- Targeting Priority Investments -- How Best to Invest a Million DH? -- Investing in the Water Sector -- Investing in Agriculture -- Investing in Industry and Services -- Choice of Investments -- Strategic Conclusions -- 6. Conclusions and Future Development -- Goals and Objectives of this Study -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- Implementation of the MEIAH Model -- What Is the Model and Who Is It For? -- How Can Such a Model Be Used? -- Application of the Model to other Countries -- Future Developments -- For MEIAH as Applied to Morocco -- Limitations of the Input-Output Model -- Onward Creation of a Water CGE Model -- Appendix 1: Case Study of Morocco -- Appendix 2: The MEAIH-1 Model: A Decision Support System -- Appendix 3: Background on the Input-Output Table Used -- in MEIAH, and on Parallel Work by Others -- Appendix 4: Dealing with Uncertainty in Policy Decisions -- Bibliography

A Narrative of the Late Massacres, in Lancaster County, of a Number of Indians, Friends of this Province, By Persons unknown -- Copy of a Letter From Charles Read, Esq: To The Hon: John Ladd, Esq: And his Associates, Justices of the Peace for the County of Gloucester -- The Cloven-Foot discovered -- A Dialogue, Between Andrew Trueman, And Thomas Zealot; About the killing the Indians At Cannestogoe And Lancaster -- A Serious Address, to Such of the Inhabitants of Pennsylvania, As have cannived at, or do approve of, the late Massacre of the Indians at Lancaster; or the Design of Killing those who are now in the Barracks at Philadelphia -- A Declaration And Remonstrance Of the distressed and bleeding Frontier Inhabitants Of the Province of Pennsylvania, Presented by them to the Honourable the Governor and Assembly of the Province, Shewing the Causes Of their late Discontent and Uneasiness and the Grievances Under which they have laboured, and which they humbly pray to have redress'd -- A Dialogue, Containing some Reflections on the late Declaration and Remonstrance, Of the Back-Inhabitants of the Province of Pennsylvania -- An Historical Account, of the late Disturbance, between the Inhabitants of the Back Settlements; of Pennsylvania, and the Philadelphians, & -- The Address of the People call'd Quakers, In the Province of Pennsylvania, To John Penn, Esquire, Lieutenant-Governor of the said Province, & -- The Squabble, A Pastoral Eclogue -- The Paxton Expedition -- The Paxton Boys, A Farce -- The Paxtoniade. A Poem -- A Battle! A Battle! A Battle of Squirt, Where no Man is kill'd And no Man is hurt! To the Tune of three blue Beans, in a blue Bladder; Rattle Bladder, Rattle! -- The Apology of the Paxton Volunteers addressed to the candid & impartial World -- The Quaker Unmask'd; Or, Plain Truth: Humbly address'd to the Consideration of all the Freemen of Pennsylvania -- A Touch on the Times A New Song -- Remarks On The Quaker Unmask'd; Or Plain Truth found to be Plain Falshood: Humbly address'd to the Candid -- The Quaker Vindicated; Or, Observations On A Late Pamphlet, Entituled, The Quaker Unmask'd, Or, Plain Truth -- A Looking-Glass For Presbyterians -- The Author Of Quaker Unmask'd, Strip'd Start Naked, Or The Delineated Presbyterian Play'd Hob With -- The Conduct of the Paxton-Men, Impartially represented: with some Remarks on the Narrative -- A Looking-Glass, &. Numb. II -- An Answer, To The Pamphlet Entituled the Conduct of the Paxton Men, impartially represented: Wherein the ungenerous Spirit of the Author is Manifested, &. And the spotted Garment pluckt off -- The Plain Dealer: Or, A few Remarks upon Quaker-Politicks, And their Attempts to Change the Government of Pennsylvania -- The Quakers Assisting. To Preserve the Lives of the Indians in the Barracks, Vindicated And proved to be consistent with Reason, agreeable to our Law, hath an inseperable Connection with the Law of God, and exactly agreeable with the Principles of the People call'd Quakers -- The Plain Dealer: Or, Remarks On Quaker Politicks In Pennsylvania. Numb. III -- The Quakers Assisting, To preserve the Lives of the Indians, in the Barracks, vindicated: Shewing wherein, the Author of the Quaker Unmask'd, hath turn'd King's Evidence; impeached himself, and cleared the Quakers from all the heavy Charges he hath Published against them.

Let us attempt, at least, to make the argument for technocracy. There really are problems that government should be trying to solve. We all also know that politics itself is not driven by anything so mundane as facts and or logic. So, there's a case for taking the really bright people and putting them into those technocratic offices. The ones where we all agree there's a problem to be solved. We can then insulate them from those political winds and leave them be to, well, solve those specific problems. We all agree that unaearned concentrations of economic power are a bad thing, monopolies can be turned to ripping off consumers and so on. So, let's put the Rolls Royce minds into the anti-monopoly body. OK, sounds like a plan. The result: Today, the FTC and Department of Justice took action to fight algorithmic collusion in the residential housing market. The agencies filed a joint legal brief explaining that price fixing through an algorithm is still price fixing. The brief highlights key aspects of competition law important for businesses in every industry: (1) you can't use an algorithm to evade the law banning price-fixing agreements, and (2) an agreement to use shared pricing recommendations, lists, calculations, or algorithms can still be unlawful even where co-conspirators retain some pricing discretion or cheat on the agreement.The agencies' work in this space is especially important given rising residential housing rental prices. Rent is up nearly 20% since 2020, with the largest increases concentrated on lower- and middle-tier apartments rented by lower-income consumers. About half of renters now pay more than 30% of their income in rent and utilities, and rising shelter costs were responsible for over two-thirds of January inflation.Well, hmm. Landlords using a computer program to work out what the rent should be doesn't sound like collusion to us. Sounds like the gathering of market information rather. You know, bringing clarity and information to that market. But, you know, Rolls Royce minds and all that and we've never been picked to be in the FTC so obviously they're brighter than we are. Except this has been a piece of political agitation in the US for some time now. Progressive activists have been banging the drum about it. Rents are going up and of course it cannot, possibly, be that progressive policy is wrong in any manner and therefore it must be capitalist collusion. QED.That is, this investigation into, reminder about, algorithmic collusion is an intensely political act. The very thing we were insisting we were going to protect the technocrats from, right?Something we can prove too. The inflation claim of 20%. OK, but how's that compared with general ubran inflation over the same time period? Oh, it's a couple of percentage points lower you say? Really? Real rents have fallen but the FTC is having an investigation as a result of political whining. So, doesn't that just kill the idea that we've a technocracy doing technocratic stuff rather than bowing to the winds of politics. Which gives us our lesson. That technocracy isn't even possible, it will always be subject to those political winds. So if it's not a system that is even possible let's not try to do it then, right?

Roughly 70% of Americans want the Biden administration to push Ukraine toward a negotiated peace with Russia as soon as possible, according to a new survey from the Harris Poll and the Quincy Institute, which publishes Responsible Statecraft.Support for negotiations remained high when respondents were told such a move would include compromises by all parties, with two out of three respondents saying the U.S. should still pursue talks despite potential downsides. The survey shows a nine-point jump from a poll in late 2022 that surveyed likely voters. In that poll, 57% of respondents said they backed talks that would involve compromises. The new data suggests that U.S. government policy toward the Ukraine war is increasingly out of step with public opinion on the eve of the second anniversary of Russia's full-scale invasion."Americans' strong support for U.S. diplomatic efforts to end Russia's invasion of Ukraine stands in stark contrast to Washington's reluctance to use its considerable leverage to get Kyiv and Moscow to the negotiating table and end this war," said George Beebe, the director of grand strategy at the Quincy Institute.The Biden administration has publicly rejected the idea of negotiating an end to the war with Russia, with U.S. officials saying that they are prepared to back Ukraine "as long as it takes" to achieve the country's goal of ejecting Russian troops from all of its territory, including Crimea.Just this week, Russian sources told Reuters that the U.S. declined a Kremlin offer to pursue a ceasefire along the current frontlines in conversations held in late 2023 and early 2024, including a round of unofficial talks in Turkey.U.S. officials denied the claim, saying there was no "official contact" between Moscow and Washington on the issue and that the U.S. would only agree to negotiations involving Ukraine. Reuters' Russian sources claimed that American officials said they did not want to pressure Kyiv into talks.The Harris/Quincy Institute poll involved an online survey of 2,090 American adults from Feb. 8 to 12. The results are weighted to ensure a representative sample of the U.S. population. The margin of error is 2.5% using a 95% confidence level.As the House weighs whether to approve new aid for Ukraine, 48% of respondents said they support new funding as long as it is conditioned on progress toward a diplomatic solution to the war. Others disagreed over whether the U.S. should halt all aid (30%) or continue funding without specific conditions (22%).This question revealed a sharp partisan divide on whether to continue Ukraine funding in any form. Fully 46% of Republicans favor an immediate shutoff of the aid spigot, as compared to 17% of Democrats. Meanwhile, 54% of Democrats and 40% of Republicans favored conditioning aid on diplomatic talks. "The American people seem more clear-eyed than Washington in recognizing the urgent need to pair aid for Ukraine's defense with a diplomatic offensive," Beebe argued.The poll also showed that most Americans expect the war to drag into at least 2025. Only 16% of respondents thought the war would end this year. Others were evenly split on how long the war might last, with 46% expecting it to be resolved before the end of 2026 and 38% saying there is no end in sight.

Hello friends! Welcome to another episode of Fully Automated!



Our guest for this episode is none other than James A. Smith, co-host with David Slavick of The Popular Show. Smith is also the author of Other People's Politics: Populism to Corbynism (Zer0 Books, 2019) and coauthor with Mareile Pfannebecker of Work Want Work: Labour and Desire at the end of Capitalism (Bloomsbury, 2020).







Smith is a defender of the idea that the 2016-2020 "Bernie moment" was a real opportunity to advance the cause of socialism. While it can be tempting today to look back and think that it was doomed from the start, Smith argues that the failure was largely self-inflicted. This means there are lessons that can be learned from the failure. However, he notes, the left today "seems worryingly uncurious about the regressive influence earlier defeated lefts have sometimes inadvertently had."



Smith believes that the left needs to rethink its approach to political freedom. Following up on our recent episode with Efraim Carlebach on the 10-year anniversary of Mark Fisher's famous essay, "Exiting the Vampire Castle," we chat with Smith about his recent Sublation essay, "Capitalist Realism All Over Again" (3.17.2023).



As he puts it, the left has "struggled to apply the book's insights," all too often succumbing to political correctness and "anti-political moralism." Meanwhile, as evidenced in the government response to the coronavirus pandemic, capitalist elites are claiming that crises that are "too important to be hazarded to democratic oversight or protest." When the left abandons this fight, the right will try to fill in the gap, claiming that only it can stop the power grab.



We also ask Smith about some of his recent episodes, including his interview with Matt Taibbi, one of the main journalists behind The Twitter Files. Like Taibbi, Smith believes that capitalist elites today are leveraging state powers to censor social media activity, essentially constituting a strategy of "revenge against both left and right populism."



We also discuss a number of foreign policy matters, from the west's war for NATO expansion in Ukraine to the iconoclastic left's bankrupt analysis of Israel's war in Gaza. Concerning the latter, many otherwise insightful critics have suggested that Hamas is essentially a bonapartist organization, seeking to create an islamic state. How does Smith respond to these critics? Moreover, given the difficulty of imagining the construction of a working class party in Gaza today, what should be the left position on this terrible war?



Smith can be followed on Twitter/X @thepopularpod. Curious listeners can also follow up on Smith's work on Jacobin, where he has published numerous articles on the state of the British left:




"The Labour Party Is Ignoring Britain's Muslims. A Judge-Led Inquiry Won't Change That" (12.12.2023)



"Labour's Left Needs to Regain the Insurgent Spirit That Made Jeremy Corbyn Leader" (07.31.2023)



"The Labour Left's Fatal Contradictions Are Still Unresolved" (11.04.2021)




NOTE: This is a re-post of Episode 13 of Class Transmissions, which was posted on Feb 4, 2024. I want to thank Class Unity for letting me share this work with listeners of Fully Automated.



Please check out Class Unity's website: here



Class Unity can be followed on Twitter/X here: @Class_Unity