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The 'Chinese dream' sums up China's goals in the twenty-first century. Since its first appearance in 2012, the concept of the Chinese dream has been the core of Xi Jinping's "new thoughts, new ideas and new arguments". At the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China it was elevated as one of the guiding principles of 'Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era', which represents the latest effort towards the Sinicization of Marxism. This paper aims at casting light on whether the discourse on the Chinese dream carries new contents or is based on old concepts 'camouflaged' as new. To do so, it will analyse the ideological implications of those 'creative metaphors' that compose the discursive mosaic of the Chinese dream as used by Xi Jinping in his political speeches. Drawing on the studies on conceptual metaphors and frame analysis, this study analyses those metaphorical expressions that are purposely outlined in the transcription of the speeches with the aim of signaling the originality of "Xi's language style". The final aim is to provide insight into what these 'creative metaphors' are doing in contemporary China. Results show that 'creative metaphors' in the discourse on the Chinese dream are meant to set the agenda on revitalising morality within the Party as well as 'unifying' values in today's Chinese society, and most of them are far from being new in Chinese political discourse.

During one century's development, libraries in China have overcome many difficulties, changed their focus and orientation, and built up a steady basis for future development. When entering the new century, they are changing and progressing at an ever-increasing speed. Facing both opportunities and challenges, they are seriously rethinking and redefining their roles, missions, and orientations in the information era. A user-oriented philosophy is replacing the traditional book-centered philosophy.Free, equal, and open spirit is spreading in the library field. While engaging in the state-of-the-art activities such as digital libraries, new services, information resource development and sharing, and library administration and reform, libraries in China are closely concerned with the unbalanced development of China and the enlarging digital divide. While playing an important role in the public education and in preserving the traditional culture, they are actively involved in the campaign of sustainable development and the improvement of economically underdeveloped areas. This paper is a general overview of the libraries in China, presenting the status quo and current trends. It first introduces the current organization and policy structure of the library system in China, with emphasis on the National Library of China, public library system, academic library system, and research library system, and points out some existing problems in the structure. It then talks about some of the recent trends in library services, including the employment of online shared cataloging and online public access catalog, the tradition of and current focus on user education and instruction, the emerging interest in reference services especially cooperative digital reference services, and the developing document delivery and inter-library loan services. As in other countries, new technologies and the Internet have a great impact on the librarianship in China.In Section 4, some major digital library projects are introduced, including China National Digital Library Project (CNDL), Chinese National Science Digital Library (CSDL), Tsinghua University Architecture Digital Library (THADL), and Chinese Digital Library Standards (CDLS). Some existing problems in the development of digital libraries are discussed; for example, most of the digital library projects in China are still in the rudimental stage of simply digitizing library materials, rather than more complicated digital services. The next section talks about the digital divide in China and the resource sharing efforts of libraries. China Academic Library and Information System (CALIS) is the major project in the academic library system, and National Science and Technology Library (NSTL) is a digital library engaging in information sharing in the research sector. Information sharing projects in the public library system are mostly sponsored by the government, including but not limited to the nation-wide project of "Send Books to the Countryside" and the "Mobile Libraries" project in Guangdong province. The Shanghai Information Resources Network is a case of cross-sector information sharing projects, and the conferences of Chinese Resources Cooperation and Development are the international endeavor in sharing Chinese information resources and preserving Chinese culture. Library legislation and library education are briefly discussed towards the end of the paper. A unified library law of China is still an important issue under development, and requires the efforts and cooperation from both within and outside the library profession.Library education in China is a comprehensive system with undergraduate education as the basic means of training professional librarians and in-service training as an important complement. The graduate education also grows fast in recent years in response to the demands of high quality librarians. ; During one century's development, libraries in China have overcome many difficulties, changed their focus and orientation, and built up a steady basis for future development. When entering the new century, they are changing and progressing at an ever-increasing speed. Facing both opportunities and challenges, they are seriously rethinking and redefining their roles, missions, and orientations in the information era. A user-oriented philosophy is replacing the traditional book-centered philosophy.Free, equal, and open spirit is spreading in the library field. While engaging in the state-of-the-art activities such as digital libraries, new services, information resource development and sharing, and library administration and reform, libraries in China are closely concerned with the unbalanced development of China and the enlarging digital divide. While playing an important role in the public education and in preserving the traditional culture, they are actively involved in the campaign of sustainable development and the improvement of economically underdeveloped areas. This paper is a general overview of the libraries in China, presenting the status quo and current trends. It first introduces the current organization and policy structure of the library system in China, with emphasis on the National Library of China, public library system, academic library system, and research library system, and points out some existing problems in the structure. It then talks about some of the recent trends in library services, including the employment of online shared cataloging and online public access catalog, the tradition of and current focus on user education and instruction, the emerging interest in reference services especially cooperative digital reference services, and the developing document delivery and inter-library loan services. As in other countries, new technologies and the Internet have a great impact on the librarianship in China.In Section 4, some major digital library projects are introduced, including China National Digital Library Project (CNDL), Chinese National Science Digital Library (CSDL), Tsinghua University Architecture Digital Library (THADL), and Chinese Digital Library Standards (CDLS). Some existing problems in the development of digital libraries are discussed; for example, most of the digital library projects in China are still in the rudimental stage of simply digitizing library materials, rather than more complicated digital services. The next section talks about the digital divide in China and the resource sharing efforts of libraries. China Academic Library and Information System (CALIS) is the major project in the academic library system, and National Science and Technology Library (NSTL) is a digital library engaging in information sharing in the research sector. Information sharing projects in the public library system are mostly sponsored by the government, including but not limited to the nation-wide project of "Send Books to the Countryside" and the "Mobile Libraries" project in Guangdong province. The Shanghai Information Resources Network is a case of cross-sector information sharing projects, and the conferences of Chinese Resources Cooperation and Development are the international endeavor in sharing Chinese information resources and preserving Chinese culture. Library legislation and library education are briefly discussed towards the end of the paper. A unified library law of China is still an important issue under development, and requires the efforts and cooperation from both within and outside the library profession.Library education in China is a comprehensive system with undergraduate education as the basic means of training professional librarians and in-service training as an important complement. The graduate education also grows fast in recent years in response to the demands of high quality librarians.

The Monetary Policy and The Exchange Rate Policy in China Index 1.The People's Bank of China 1.1 The history of The People's Bank of China 1.2 The role of The People's Bank of China 1.3 Internal departments 2.The Fiscal policy of china 3. The monetary policy of China 3.1 monetary policy 3.2 The Crisis over the last 10 years 3.3 independence of PBC 3.4 Taylor's rule in China 4. Comparison 4.1 Fed Reserve and ECB 4.2 Comparison of EU, US and China central banks and economies 5 The exchange rate policy of China 5.1 fixed exchange rate and floating exchange rate 5.2balance of international payments and capital mobility 5.3The policy ofChina 6 The future of CNY in the world arena 7.Can the CNY become a currency of international rank?

La Cina rappresenta una minaccia per le economie occidentali? La risposta è decisamente sì! L'idea della Cina come "fabbrica del mondo" è ormai superata. Grandi gruppi industriali cinesi progettano, sviluppano e fabbricano prodotti propriamente cinesi, non più soltanto made in Chinabensì made by China.Quest'opera, dinamica e piacevole da leggere, ripercorre lo sviluppo folgorante di questi nuovi giganti che non si limitano più a imitare ma puntano all'innovazione e all'eccellenza tecnologica lanciandosi alla conquista del mercato mondiale. Questo saggio, imperdibile e ben documentato, in cui cifre, esempi e aneddoti si uniscono per documentare e dar vita alla discussione, getta una luce nuova sugli attori di primo piano dell'economia cinese

After the cold war, when the Eastern block collapsed, considerable changes were made in the world security architecture. Althought it seemed like a beginning of more certain and secure era, cold war ending didn't fulfill expectations neither the main actors in the cold war conflict, nor the expectations of the rest of the world. Besides, collapse of one block, didn't stop growth dynamic of new power centers. Tendencies for power are not new and unfamiliar to human. When bypolar system collapsed, other subjects started fighting for the positions. PRC role with her enormous people potential, growing economy and strengthened military is evident. Soviet Union, accordingly Russian Federation, believed that there was no more need for strenghtening the other block, especially when the opposite doesn't exist. But, former partners included the opposite side, and that made more tensions between Russia and United States. Rest of the world didn't get better chance to create own future. On the contrary, especially for the peripheral and semiperipheral countries, new threats appeared that destabilized individual and collective security. Efforts to make human community rational, were always idealism and those efforts were considered utopian, but under the given circumstances, for the international stability, the most accseptable model is model of global triangle - China, Russia, USA. Reason why this three countries is ther specific potention: USA is powerful technological, military and political center, RF is worlds warehouse' and China is the worlds manufacture. In the globalism domination over nationalism era that model could be the optimal 'braking and balance' system in the international relations- political ideal that all liberal schools wanted to acchievestarting Lock, Montesquieu, Rousseau till today.