Suchergebnisse

FOUR NEW TEXTS ON CHINESE POLITICS ARE REVIEWED. THE AUTHORS OF THESE NEW TEXTS ARE HAROLD HINTON, LUCIAN PYE, JOHN BYRAN STARR, AND JAMES TOWNSEND. THE ASSESSMENT OF THESE WORKS SUGGEST THAT CHINESE POLITICS STUDIES MUST STOP BEING ISOLATED FROM THE BROADER CONCERNS OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. THESE WORKS BEGIN TO ACCOMPLISH THIS BY THE APPLICATION OF METHODOLOGIES BOWROWED FROM COMPARATIVE POLITICS.

Although 1949 is not a magical year in Chinese history in the sense of marking a total break with the centuries-old traditions and culture, it is appropriate to say that 1949 is the year which symbolizes the end of Chinese sociology. In this paper we attempt to give a socio-historical account of the genesis, development, struggle and then death of sociology in China, covering a period of more than half a century. The first part of the paper will deal with the institutionalization of sociology as a transplanted Western flower in Chinese soil; the second part describes and analyses how Chinese sociology struggled for its legitimacy for survival under Chinese Communism and how the battle was lost.

The course of the factional struggle in the Chinese Communist Party since the late 1950s is traced & the policy clashes underlying it are examined. The problems involved in a simple two-factional division are noted, but a rough division into two main factions is seen as a convenient analytical device. The emergence of the beginnings of an independent mass movement is one of the most important, but little recognized, features of Chinese political life since the Cultural Revolution of 1966-1968. The reasons for the rapid demise of Mao's "radical" proteges & the political basis of the recent factional polemic as revealed in the Chinese press are examined, with particular reference to education, the role of experts & managers, democracy, cadre policy, inequality, economic policy, art & literature, the army & the militia, & Sino-Soviet relations. The use of the terms "radical" & "moderate" in relation to the two main factions is misleading, & shows that many of their positions are by no means absolutely counterposed to one another. There are many factors that will continue to threaten the stability of the new post-Mao ruling group in China. AA.