Suchergebnisse

There are multiple common misunderstandings that have, over time, taken on the status of established truths. For example, to Sherlock Holmes is often attributed the quote "Elementary, my dear Watson", which never appears in the Conan Doyle novels. Neither did Voltaire ever confide to anyone that he "disagreed with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it". In EU law, there exists a similar widespread misconception, albeit tiny in nature. Simultaneously, it does concern the probably most famous ruling ever delivered by the European Court of Justice, so the comparative weight is substantial.

Journal articles are sometimes later reprinted as chapters of edited books. The question whether citations of this material should mention the book or the journal has significant implications. I describe several advantages of citing the journal: it allows the readers to locate the material more easily and to handle it more conveniently (when it is available electronically); it gives a better signal about how important and updated the material is; and it gives the journal proper credit, which is important because journals are ranked based on citations. Finally, several reasons for citing the book are also discussed.

This study examined upper secondary school students' citations of self-selected online sources in their essays. Students (n = 140) conducted online inquiry about either effects of social media on people's quality of life (SM) or allowance of genetic manipulation of organisms (GMO). Students, working either individually or in pairs, explored online sources with the help of a graphic organizer, after which they composed their essays. To capture the quality of citations identified in the essays, they were evaluated in terms of accuracy and richness of source features. Further, regression analysis was used to examine the effect of topic, grade level and work mode on the number and quality of citations. Results showed that students seldom cited sources in their essays, and when they did, citations were mostly accurate but less often rich in source features. When writing about SM, students most frequently cited media sources, while sources with ideological, political or religious motives were frequently cited in GMO essays. Students' grades and work modes predicted the number of citations and number of accurate citations. ; peerReviewed

There is a bone of disconcertion concerning citing in academia – a disconcertion that tends to denote that "old" citations and/or references do not generate significant and relevant credibility to an author's academic discourse. This perception about old references then regularises what I view as an imprecise perception that "old" material makes a less consequential impact on the author's discourse. Similarly, there is a defective assumption that "new" or "latest" citations or references warrant the author's credibility in academic discourses. It is these conflicting, and yet competing presumptions that I view problematic. Therefore, my question is, should a particular citation be discredited on the basis that it is gauged "old"? However, I am aware that an "old" citation may suggest a researcher's lack of extensive research or may be dependent on the researcher's focus of study. However, what if, as old as it is, it remains applicable and contemporaneously significant? What if as old as it is, it can be figured as a point of departure for future scholarly discourses? Personally, this premise of "old" citation(s) leaves an outstanding gap between what is a credible and determinative citation, and how the philosophy of knowledge is generated from such citations.