Suchergebnisse

Contemporary models of citizenship are critiqued in an attempt to conceptualize a more comprehensive notion of European citizenship. Four models of citizenship are identified: a rights-based model linked to liberalism; a duties-based model connected with conservatism; a participation-based model associated with democratic radicalism; & an identity-based model related to communitarianism. Arguing that issues of citizenship are subverted by discourses of nationalism, a postnational notion that emphasizes a citizen's rights, duties, participation, & identity is presented. In contemporary Europe, the traditional notion of citizenship based on rights & participation has been replaced by a supranational concept that privileges cultural identity of diversity. Consequently, a postnational notion of identity that reveres human rights, the environmnent, democracy, & multiculturalism is needed to contest current trends. 1 Figure, 64 References. Adapted from the source document.

The individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Treatment by and responsibilities of the receiving State — Refugees — Return visit to State of origin — Circumstances in which withdrawal of refugee status is justified — Effect on minors of withdrawal of refugee status of their father — Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, 1951, Article 1, paragraph C — The law of Switzerland

Union responses to the threat of large-scale work-force reductions dependent on whether seniority-based mechanisms are used; British Leyland and Italian Fiat as case studies.

FERNANDO HENRIQUE CARDOSO, PRESIDENT OF BRAZIL, LOOKS TO THE FUTURE. HE FINDS THAT A PICTURE IS EMERGING IN WHICH WE CAN SEE A COSMOPOLITAN AND GLOBALIZED "HOMO ECONOMICUS" ALONGSIDE A PROVINCIAL "CIVIS," RESTRICTED BY NATIONAL FRONTIERS. THE CONSEQUENCES OF THIS DISPARITY WILL BE FELT ON A LARGE SCALE AND OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME. PERHAPS THE MOST IMPORTANT OF THESE CONSEQUENCES ARE TIED TO SOCIAL INJUSTICE, THE THREAT OF UNEMPLOYMENT, AND THE OUTRAGEOUS INEQUALITIES, BOTH WITHIN AND AMONG COUNTRIES, THAT COEXIST WITH UNPRECEDENTED LEVELS OF PROSPERITY. TO AVOID FACILE SOLUTIONS TO THIS DILEMMA, WE MUST SQUARELY CONFRONT THE FACT THAT THERE IS A DEFICIT OF DEMOCRATIC CITIZENSHIP AT THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL AND INSIST THAT PROGRESSIVE GOVERNANCE EXPAND BEYOND THE DOMESTIC SCENE.