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Despite the significant contributions of cities to our nation's economy and the everyday life of most Americans, local government leaders are faced with significant constraints on their ability to lead and govern. This article presents a novel framework of constraints facing city leadership focused on legal (what they are allowed to do), fiscal (what they have resources to do), and political constraints (what they want to do). A model is constructed to analyze the impact of these constraints on local action regarding minimum wage and hypothesize that greater constraints will result in less policy action within cities. Using multivariate regression, the authors find that political constraints and economic factors are the most significant determinants of whether a city pursues policy leadership.

Leading Cities is a global review of the state of city leadership and urban governance today. Drawing on research into 202 cities in 100 countries, the book provides a broad, international evidence base grounded in the experiences of all types of cities. It offers a scholarly but also practical assessment of how cities are led, what challenges their leaders face, and the ways in which this leadership is increasingly connected to global affairs.

Arguing that effective leadership is not just something created by an individual, Elizabeth Rapoport, Michele Acuto and Leonora Grcheva focus on three elements of city leadership: leaders, the structures and institutions that underpin them, and the tools used to drive change. Each of these elements are examined in turn, as are the major urban policy issues that leaders confront today on the ground. The book also takes a deep dive into one particular example of tool or instrument of city leadership – the strategic urban plan.

The new European Health Policy Framework and Strategy: Health 2020 of the World Health Organization, draws upon the experience and insights of five phases, spanning 25 years, of the WHO European Healthy Cities Network (WHO-EHCN). Applying the 2020 health lens to Healthy Cities, equity in health and human-centered sustainable development are core values and cities have a profound influence on the wider determinants of health in the European population. "Making it Happen" relies on four action elements applied and tested by municipalities and their formal and informal partners: political commitment, vision and strategy, institutional change, and networking. In turn, the renewed commitment by member states of the WHO Regional Committee to work with all spheres and tiers of government is a new dawn for city governance, encouraging cities to redouble their investment in health and health equity in all policies, even in a period of austerity. For phase VI, the WHO-EHCN is being positioned as a strategic vehicle for implementing Health 2020 at the local level. Healthy Cities' leadership is more relevant than ever.

City managers' policy leadership has drawn great attention from scholars of public administration. However, what factors explain variation in managers' policy-making roles has not been systematically explored. This study investigates the mechanisms leading elected officials to defer to the manager in policy making. Survey data from Florida council-manager cities indicate that noninstitutional factors-such as mayors' political experience, managers' professionalism, and concordance of manager and council preferences-influence the likelihood that a council will allow a manager to exercise policy influence. The data reveal that city managers earn policy-making leadership at the expense of their administrative authority. Thus, managers must reconcile inherent tensions between responsibility and compliance. Adapted from the source document.

Develop best practice and improve your leadership skills with this textbook, published in association with City and Guilds for the new Level 5 Diploma in Leadership and Management for Adult Care specification. -Build comprehensive understanding of the knowledge and skills required for the Level 5 qualification, with detailed coverage of all mandatory units -Apply theoretical aspects of the Diploma in the workplace, with the 'In Practice' feature -Build confidence reviewing and evaluating practice in Adult Care settings with 'Reflect On It' activities, and examples of reflective accounts -Prepare a strong portfolio, with advice and activities on how to use evidence most effectively -Extend knowledge and understanding with access to popular optional units available online (www.hoddereducation.co.uk/adultcareextras) - Fully updated to match the Level 5 qualification's integration into the higher apprenticeship programme including the new 'undertake a research project' unit The easy-to-follow design makes this an invaluable reference guide for anyone looking to progress their management career in Adult Care.

This paper reports on the development of information and communications technology (ICT) in education at Dublin City University (DCU) in the context of evolving government policy in promoting ICT in education over the past two decades. It uses this historical account to trace the evolution at DCU of a distinctive approach to ICT in education and training at Masters Degree level. This approach can be characterised as a shift from imparting knowledge about computing technology and uses to the practical examination and development of innovative approaches to ICT in the educational process, and reflecting on the implications of these creative approaches for professional development in range of workplace contexts.