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AbstractThis paper is taking two cases of leadership. The first case deals with a given leadership trait of Nyai Yoyoh Johara, Cintawana Pesantren, Singaparna, Tasikmalaya district, and the other of Nyai Etti Tismayanti, al-Ikhwan Pesantren, Condong, Setia Negara, Tasikmalaya city. Applying a grounded research method and using Anthony Giddens's perspective of social practice, the study identifies woman's leadership in Islamic educational institutions, from the competition of social force of kodrat and of democracy and feminism. The object of the study is the Muslim woman's leadership at pesantren in the local context. The data used in this study is based on the fieldwork which was done April to November 2010 in both Tasikmalaya district and city. The study found that women apply some strategies and manipulate the hindrances they face dynamically to have a career in the educational realm, in the male world using the limitation imposed by the norm such as kodrat, with several strategies. Modern values as social forces do influence female leadership agency but are implemented through certain rationalization which still maintains the traditional roles of women.AbstrakArtikel ini mendiskusikan bagaimana perempuan memimpin di pesantren, baik dalam bentuk kepemimpinan terberi (inherited) atau kepemimpinan yang diraih dengan usaha (achieved leadership) di konteks lokal, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dan Kota Tasikmalaaya, dengan mengambil dua kasus kepemimpinan. Kasus pertama mendiskusikan jalan (trait) kepemimpinan Nyai Yoyoh Johara, Cintawana Pesantren, Singaparna, Tasikmalaya Kabupaten, dan kedua Nyai Etti Tismayanti, dari Pesantren al-Ikhwan, Condong, Setia Negara, Kota Tasikmalaya. Dengan menggunakan metode grounded research dan perspektif praktek sosial Anthony Giddens, kajian ini mengidentifiksi kepemimpinan perempuan di Lembaga pendidikan Islam, dari kompetisi kekuatan sosial kodrat perempuan dan kekuatan demokrasi dan feminism. Obyek kajian ini adalah kepemimpinan perempuan Muslim di pesantren dalam konteks lokal. ata yang digunakan dalam peneliti ini adalah berdasar pada hasil penelitin lapngan yang dikerjakan dari bulan April sampai November 2010 di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dan Kota Tasikmalaya.Kajian ini menemukan bahwa perempuan mengaplikasikan beberapa strategi dan mensiasti halangan yang mereka temui dan mereka secara dinamis bergerak meraih karir dalam dunia pendidikan, dengan menggunakan keterbatasan yang mereka punyai disebabkan pengaruh norma kodrat. Nilai-nilai modern yang berfungsi sebagai kekuatan sosial mempengaruhi agensi kepemimpinan perempuan, tapi pengaruh tersebut dirasionalisasi melalui kekuatan sosial yang masih memelihara peranan tradisional perempuan. How to Cite Kusmana (2019). Pesantren and Local Female Leadership in Modern Indonesia. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 6(1), 23-35. doi:10.15408/tjems.v6i1.8919.

This article aims to enhance understanding of the role of place in urban leadership by examining the way leadership changed significantly following the introduction of mayoral governance into a UK city. In 2012 ten cities in England held referendums to decide whether to introduce a directly elected mayor model of leadership. Bristol was the only city to vote in favour of this radical change and the Bristol Civic Leadership Project, set up before the first mayor was elected in November 2012, was designed to discover what differences the directly elected mayor model might make to the leadership and governance of a city. This article addresses two important questions: 1) Does the institutional design of local governance in a place influence leadership effectiveness? And 2) How, if at all, do the leadership styles of the individual elected as mayor affect the quality of place-based governance? The article identifies three main reasons why place is important in public policy – expression of identity, strengthening democracy and enhancing governmental effectiveness - and considers how the leadership innovations in Bristol engage with these three dimensions of place. As well as presenting evidence documenting how bold civic leadership has transformed the governance of a particular British city, the article contributes to leadership studies by exploring the relationships between place, power, and leadership.

International audience ; he implementation in Montpellier of the new rules about urban districts highlights the role of Georges Freche's political leadership since more than twenty years. The different dimensions of such a leadership are successively analysed in terms of material and collective goals, in terms of political configuration and by assessing the role played by the Mayor of Montpellier and his followers in the symbolic construction of the city and its territorial destiny. Key-words : Georges Frêche, Montpellier, political leadership, followers, urban history, personal political style ; La mise en oeuvre, à Montpellier, d'un projet de Communauté d'Agglomération est l'occasion de mettre en lumière le rôle du leadership politique exercé, depuis plus de vingt ans, par Georges Frêche, sur la ville de Montpellier. Les ressorts de ce leadership sont examinés successivement dans leur dimensions matérielles et collectives, dans une appréhension de la configuration politique montpelliéraine, et dans le rôle que jouent Georges Frêche et son entourage dans la construction symbolique de la ville et de son destin territorial.

International audience ; he implementation in Montpellier of the new rules about urban districts highlights the role of Georges Freche's political leadership since more than twenty years. The different dimensions of such a leadership are successively analysed in terms of material and collective goals, in terms of political configuration and by assessing the role played by the Mayor of Montpellier and his followers in the symbolic construction of the city and its territorial destiny. Key-words : Georges Frêche, Montpellier, political leadership, followers, urban history, personal political style ; La mise en oeuvre, à Montpellier, d'un projet de Communauté d'Agglomération est l'occasion de mettre en lumière le rôle du leadership politique exercé, depuis plus de vingt ans, par Georges Frêche, sur la ville de Montpellier. Les ressorts de ce leadership sont examinés successivement dans leur dimensions matérielles et collectives, dans une appréhension de la configuration politique montpelliéraine, et dans le rôle que jouent Georges Frêche et son entourage dans la construction symbolique de la ville et de son destin territorial.

How do local government leaders perceive the development of their leadership competencies and the methods they have used to acquire competencies to meet on-the-job challenges in a city context? There have been few attempts to document leaders' perceptions of the competencies they need or how they get developed; however, the critical and ubiquitous role of city government demands that we increase understanding of these crucial issues. Not only does a majority of the world's population already live in urban areas (i.e., areas in which competent local governmental activity is required), but this percentage is forecasted to increase from 55% to 68% by 2050. Also, the nature of local government is evolving and, as a result, there has been renewed attention on local governments and the practices of local governmental leaders. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to generate knowledge about (a) what specific competencies support leadership practice in one city government, and (b) how competencies are developed. More specifically, this study explored city government leaders' perceptions of (a) the challenges faced and the competencies needed to address contemporary on-the-job issues, and (b) the methods that have been employed to acquire the required competencies by leaders in one city government. This study employed a case study/cross case analysis research design and included 12 participants in senior administrative positions in a large, metropolitan city in California. The cases were developed through semi-structured interviews and narrative analysis. A cross-case analysis procedure was employed in the second phase of the analysis to generate aggregate answers to the research questions driving the study. The findings suggest that the local government leaders who participated in the study relied on competencies related to relationships, knowledge, and strategic processes acquired largely through informal methods. Also, in some cases, participants reported that they relied on unique competencies or methods that they perceived as important for their practice. This research is significant because no previous study of this sort focused directly on the perceptions of local government leaders. The study generated recommendations about developing competencies when formal training may not be effective.

Within the context of debates regarding depoliticisation, this article considers how the introduction of a directly elected mayor system of governance impacts on urban politics. Directly elected mayors are now a fundamental feature of many political systems. They have been widely introduced as a reform to improve processes of local democracy and the effectiveness of governing practices to offer a more potent form of city leadership. This article focuses on developments in England, by presenting the case of Bristol, a city epitomising many aspects of modern neo-liberalised urban development. Bristol adopted a mayoral system in 2012 and the article presents empirical data from before and after this reform pertaining to two frameworks to understand city leadership. We conclude that the move to mayoral governance, in Bristol in the 2012-16 period, eroded the influence of party politics and led to the adoption of elements of a leadership style associated with a depoliticisation of urban politics in the city. Nevertheless, the analysis suggests that the mayoral model also provides significant space for the expansion of political agency on the part of the city leader, not least because power becomes concentrated in the mayoral position.

This study aims to analyze a collaborative model of modern leadership, namely innovative, transformative and credible with local wisdom by four ethnic cultures, namely Bugis, Makassar, Toraja and Mandar, which in turn will produce officers who prioritize human values in implementing policies based on local wisdom with the philosophy of acca, acca, warani, malempu, and getteng. This research uses qualitative research methods so that the discussion is descriptive. The research was conducted at the South Sulawesi Government Office with four city districts. The research results show that in real terms the human-based leadership model of the Provincial Government of South Sulawesi in its work to improve the welfare of the community with innovative programs and humane services towards advanced governance as the translation of change shows a pretty good trend. Leadership innovation in making change by prioritizing integrity, motivator, ability, experience, honesty, obedience, persistence and intellectuality as a manifestation of the integration of modern leadership and local wisdom as a filter in change so as to lead to an advanced government while still upholding the value of local wisdom as a support which is summarized in Cultured South Sulawesi. Supporting factors that are quite helpful related to the program strategy include the readiness of the apparatus, community involvement and the level of community acceptance, while the inhibiting factors are infrastructure readiness, availability of funds and community readiness to change, but concrete efforts can gradually be overcome so that the strategic program of the South Sulawesi Government as the growth center of the eastern region and the national economic buffer can be realized.

Small cities face intricate challenges. No Straight Lines provides the basis for a refined model of community-engaged leadership and research designed to realize equality of quality of life. With particular attention to the small city of Kamloops, BC, this book explores the impact of extended, short-term, and unique leadership collaborations and local responses to homelessness, sustainability and food security, aging populations, and the recovery of local history. It offers exciting insights into the role of the university in the small city, from generating local learning opportunities to the integration of undergraduates and faculty in achieving positive change. Based on active engagement, No Straight Lines reveals the obstacles present in addressing local needs, and the transformations that can be achieved through effective collaboration. It offers rich accounts and valuable insights into flexible practices that respond to the needs of community organizations while recognizing the challenges associated with resource constraints and limitations in capacity. This unique collection provides new insights into the barriers and benefits of leadership and learning in the small city. With Contributions By: Ginny Rastoy, Lisa Cooke, Robin Reid, Kendra Besanger, Dawn Farough, Tina Block, and Terry Kading.

The main strategy of poverty alleviation in Bandung is directed to reduce the poverty rate. But the countermeasures that have been done by the relevant parties have not reached the target set. BPS data in 2019 showed the number of poor people reached 84,670 or 3.38% of the total population. In the last five years, the poverty rate has never reached 1% in accordance with the RPJMD target. On the other hand, all parties agree on the importance of building a system of partnership, coordination, and collaboration between local governments, communities, and non-governmental organizations in collaborative governance. The establishment of the Coordination Team for The Acceleration of Poverty Alleviation (TKPK) Kota Bandung became an important forum in achieving the target of reducing poverty rates. This research aims to find out how the implementation of collaborative governance principles at TKPK Kota Bandung. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis method to find out the existing condition of ongoing collaboration. The data source is obtained from in-depth interviews, field observations as well as secondary data. The results showed that the principles of collaborative governance by TKPK Kota Bandung have not been optimal. The existence of a special meeting forum is more often very important to build a common understanding of the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder. Optimization of facilitative leadership and institutional design is also indispensable to provide encouragement to the collaboration process that tends to be slow to show temporary results.

Eight public schools are situated within a quarter mile of Ground Zero with 9,000 students ranging in ages from three to eighteen years – grammar, middle and high schools. On Tuesday, September 11, 2001 in the midst of chaos and a relentless unfolding of tragedy, professionals of the Board of Education safely evacuated all 9,000 students without injury. They also ensured that all 1.1 million school children, in every part of the city got home safely, reunited with family and loved ones. They did this as transportation around the City was halted, subways, roads, bridges were closed, and airspace over the United States was shutdown except to military flights. This report is the articulation of a truly effective reaction by a complex organization. Some would label it as luck or extraordinary good fortune. In fact, when all the evidence is finally in, this report argues that the Board of Education's handling of the crisis presented by 9/11, comprised its "shining moment" – where leadership and courage were manifest and where the paramount objective "get our kids home safe" made the difference between life and death.

Two decades ago, WHO declared tuberculosis a global emergency, and invested in the highly cost-effective directly observed treatment short-course programme to control the epidemic. At that time, most strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were susceptible to first-line tuberculosis drugs, and drug resistance was not a major issue. However, in 2013, tuberculosis remains a major public health concern worldwide, with prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis rising. WHO estimates roughly 630 000 cases of MDR tuberculosis worldwide, with great variation in the frequency of MDR tuberculosis between countries. In the past 8 years, extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis has emerged, and has been reported in 84 countries, heralding the possibility of virtually untreatable tuberculosis. Increased population movement, the continuing HIV pandemic, and the rise in MDR tuberculosis pose formidable challenges to the global control of tuberculosis. We provide an overview of the global burden of drug-resistant disease; discuss the social, health service, management, and control issues that fuel and sustain the epidemic; and suggest specific recommendations for important next steps. Visionary political leadership is needed to curb the rise of MDR and XDR tuberculosis worldwide, through sustained funding and the implementation of global and regional action plans. This is the fifth in a Series of six papers about tuberculosis.

While greenhouse gas emissions in Europe have reduced in recent years, there is still a considerable gap between the current situation and where we need be to limit global warming and adapt to climate change, particularly in cities. The Sustainable Development Goals and the Climate Agenda have placed great emphasis on collaborative frameworks and the private sector's crucial contribution to closing the climate gap in terms of investment and leadership in innovation. However, there has not been a concise follow-up and assessment of the private sector's practical involvement and contribution, whether policy and legislative frameworks and planning approaches are suitable to enable this involvement, and who would lead in delivering the climate agenda locally. The present article addresses this gap reporting on case observations regarding the delivery of climate interest and sustainability through urban development in London and Copenhagen—two European cities of different sizes and varying government approaches. Thereby, the article assesses patterns of private-sector involvement and governance around climate adaptation and mitigation and locates gaps around its involvement in delivering the climate agenda. The analysis clarifies overarching differences in governance and frameworks for the involvement of the private sector between the two cities, attributing this on the local level partly to city size and scale, but to a great extent to 'city leadership' in the built environment and sustainable urban innovation in general. A crucial finding highlights the importance that cities further establish platforms for collaborative learning, specifically around pilot urban projects, thereby stimulating voluntary private engagement. Another key finding is in the potential effectiveness of strategies by public agencies such as city governments to incentivise private actors and simultaneously monitor sustainability effects both broadly at the city level, and specifically at urban project level using ecological, circular and life-cycle approaches. Further implications of the analysis point to the importance of developing a more nuanced approach to understanding the different roles fulfilled by the 'private sector' in the built environment and the necessity of creating an information base addressing the life cycle of development projects and business processes and comparing their impacts. The situation also necessitates considering efforts, impacts, climate finances and data on the broad city scale. The findings of this article can inspire further research, benefit further action in these cities and inform international efforts about climate gaps related to climate adaptation and mitigation.

The authors use detailed ethnographic evidence to design and interpret a broad representative survey of 800 households in Delhi's slums, examining the processes by which residents gain access to formal government and develop their own informal modes of leadership. While ethnically homogeneous slums transplant rural institutions to the city, newer and ethnically diverse slums depend on informal leaders who gain their authority through political connections, education, and network entrepreneurship. Education and political affiliation are more important than seniority in determining a leader's influence. Informal leaders are accessible to all slum dwellers, but formal government figures are most accessed by the wealthy and the well-connected.

Every implementation of autonomy affairs is expected to achieve effective and efficient use of resources. His desire to create an image that local governments can use resources, both in the form of human resources, regional revenue budgets, equipment and work procedures in carrying out their main duties effectively and efficiently in good governance. This study aims to analyze the influence of leadership, the role of local government, the role of the Jayapura City DPRD and local revenues together to partially compile the effectiveness of business license in Jayapura City. To obtain a comprehensive and in-depth picture, a descriptive method with a quantitative approach is used to analyze existing empirical data and correlate with concepts related to special autonomy policies. First, leadership has a partial significant effect on the effectiveness of business licensing in Jayapura City. Second, the role of local governments partially has a significant effect on the effectiveness of business license in Jayapura City. Third, the role of the DPRD partially has a significant effect on the effectiveness of nusaha license in Jayapura City. Fourth, the original regional income partially affects the effectiveness of business licensing in Jayapura City. Fifth, leadership, the role of local governments, the role of the DPRD and local revenue simultaneously have a significant effect on the effectiveness of business license in Jayapura City.

This report focuses on making the case for climate adaptation, providing specific insights and recommendations in key sectors: food security, the natural environment, water, cities and urban areas, infrastructure, disaster risk management, and finance. It is designed to inspire action among decision-makers, including heads of state and government officials, mayors, business executives, investors, and community leaders.