Suchergebnisse

Desde una concepción integradora y multidimensional del proyecto arquitectónico y urbano, incluyendo, además de aspectos físicos, las componentes social, económica, cultural, tecnológica y político-institucional y como fundamento de la intervención del arquitecto en el territorio y la ciudad, se pretende en este artículo explorar los fundamentos del conocimiento y las metodologías aplicables a la formación de estas disciplinas, teniendo en cuenta las distintas corrientes científico- filosóficas, psico-sociológicas y pedagógicas que las sustentan. ; From an integrative and multidimensional conception of the architectural and urban project, including, besides physical aspects, the social, economic, cultural, technological and political-institutional components, and as a basis for the intervention of the architect in the territory and the city support for the intervention of the architect in the territory and city, this article aims to explore the foundations of knowledge and methodologies applicable to the formation of these disciplines, considering the different philosophical, psychological, sociological and pedagogical currents that sustain them.

This book investigates the dynamics and the role of green urban regeneration using nature-based solutions (NBS) in contributing to the cultural aspects of public spaces. In the first part of the book, insights on analytical methods, planning strategies and shared governance examples are given, as well as, an assessment tool, namely public space index (PSI), is given for successfully measuring sociability impact while using a placemaking approach to green urban regeneration processes. In the second part, the case study (Rose Kennedy Greenway of Boston, MA, USA) has been extensively researched during many years of observations and analysis which gives a realistic taste of the implementation of the proposed PSI. The books last part reflects on PSI to measure its adaptability and replicability in other contexts, whereas NBS are playing a major role in physical and spatial green urban regeneration in current cities contexts.

AbstractUrban planning as a shared resource is tied with the 'tragedy of the commons'. Since UN‐Habitat III, Ecuador has embraced the opportunity for urban sustainability. However, while the right to the city is constitutionally anchored since 2008, the integration of strategic sectoral plans and their spatial link remains unclear. Aiming at a better understanding on how sectoral plans, particularly mining, are articulated to planning instruments, we reviewed the existing instruments as well as those from the mining sector. Rooted in qualitative methods, interviews were conducted with respondents involved in the development of underground and land use planning in Ecuador. Primary data were collected during fieldtrips, and policy analysis was carried out descriptively. Findings were differentiated by spatial planning instruments, underground mining concessions and their implications for the empirical case study of Zaruma. Results showed that mining companies capture their risks and externalities into the local development agenda, and that municipalities remain limited to corrective or reactive measures. While mining sectoral plans consider the relevance of local development plans (PDOT), we identify an instrumental vacuum across the whole 'National Decentralized particularly Planning System' as for articulating sectoral planning with local PDOT. With this instrumental gap mainly at the policy level, and instead of interpreting ill will from the strategic mining sector, the expertise in managing underground cadastres from the mining sector as well as the option of exploring instruments like underground master plants at the city level could level synergies towards coherence in development agendas as well as risk‐informed development across sectors and scales.

The purpose of this report is to develop some scenarios for Cape Town's energy future. The simulation model, the Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) system, has been used to simulate how energy might develop in Cape Town over the twenty years from 2000 to 2020. These developments are driven not only by the nature of the energy sector itself, but also by broader factors, notably population, household size, economic growth (which may vary by sector) and other factors. The report builds on previous work done on the 'state of energy' for Cape Town (CCT & SEA 2003). That report was useful in capturing the current status of energy in the city, informed the City Energy Strategy conference and Cape Town's own strategy (SEA, CCT & ICLEI 2003) and provided the starting data for this study. This report takes the work further in developing a tool that simulates what might happen to energy in the future, in a business-as-usual case and with policy interventions. A range of policy interventions are selected, and how these would change energy development in the city is examined, compared to a reference case. Interventions were selected based on various criteria, including implementation cost and technical feasibility, environmental priority, and political will. Different policies can be grouped for their sectors – industry, residential, commercial, government and transport – and also combined to form multiple-policy scenarios. These scenarios should be understood as a series of 'what if' questions, e.g. what if the City of Cape Town increased efficiency in its own buildings. The scenarios are not any prediction of the future, nor are any of these scenarios considered more likely than others. Instead, we report the implications of different policies and scenarios. The implications for energy, environment (both local pollutants and global greenhouse gases) and development are of particular interest. This study reports the cost implications of different scenarios only to a limited extent, as to do this adequately for many of the scenarios is beyond the scope of the project. Areas where further work is required, including around costing, are also identified.

In 1970, the influential French Marxist philosopher and sociologist Henri Lefebvre published a book titled The Urban Revolution, in which he advanced the hypothesis that "society has been completely urbanized." By this, Lefebvre meant that the process of urbanization creates the conditions for capitalism--rather than urbanization being an outcome of the circulation of capital--and that the consequences of this process therefore extended far beyond actual cities. Compiling both classic and contemporary essays on the "urbanization question," this book explores the various theoretical, epistemological and political implications of Lefebvre's claim, with a series of analytical and cartographic interventions that reach beyond the conventional binaries of the topic (urban/rural, city/non-city, society/nature) in order to investigate the uneven implosions and explosions of capitalist urbanization across the globe--and what Lefebvre famously termed (in his book of the same name) "the production of space."

Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Informática apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia ; Humanity is experiencing the largest urban growth in history. Nowadays more than half the human population lives and works in cities. This rapid growth of urban areas poses great challenges to local and central governments in terms of urban planning, sustainability, mobility and air quality. With the proliferation of inexpensive everyday objects, embedded with electronics and able to connect themselves to a network, it has become possible to use them to collect and exchange data over great distances. Using a vast network of sensors deployed over a large metropolitan network, it is possible to autonomously collect vast amounts of sensor data and transmit it to a central system that processes it into valuable information that can assist in city governance and improve the citizen's life. The internship Crossroads: "Real-time classification of roads based on the city data" aims at studying the viability of using traffic and air quality data, collected by a large sensor network, to introduce modifications into a Geographic Information System used by a Routing Service that is able to calculate the best route between a source and a target location. Its main objective is to study algorithms, services, and tools that can be applied to build a small prototype that demonstrates the concept. This report presents and discusses all taken steps, activities developed as well as all artifacts produced during the Crossroads: "Real-time classification of roads based on the city data" internship. ; A humanidade experiencia o maior crescimento urbano da história. Hoje em dia, mais de metade da população humana vive e trabalha nas cidades. Este rápido crescimento das áreas urbanas representa um grande desafio para os governos locais e centrais, em termos de planeamento urbano, sustentabilidade, mobilidade e qualidade do ar. Com a proliferação de objetos cotidianos baratos, incorporando electrónica e capazes de se ligar a uma rede, tornou-se possível usá-los para coletar e trocar dados a grandes distâncias. Usando uma vasta rede de sensores distribuídos ao longo de uma grande rede metropolitana, é possível coletar grandes quantidades de dados de sensor, de forma autónoma e transmiti-los a um sistema central que os processa e produz informação valiosa que pode ajudar na administração da cidade e na melhoraria da vida dos cidadãos. Crossroads: "Real-time classification of roads based on the city data" visa estudar a viabilidade do uso de dados de tráfego automóvel e de qualidade do ar, coletados por uma grande rede de sensores, para introduzir modificações num Sistema de Informação Geográfica, utilizado por um Serviço de Roteamento que é capaz de calcular a melhor rota entre um local de partida e um de destino. O seu principal objetivo consiste no estudo de algoritmos, serviços e ferramentas que podem ser aplicados na construção de um pequeno protótipo que demonstre o conceito. Este relatório apresenta e discute todas as etapas e atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio Crossroads: "Real-time classification of roads based on the city data".

With expanding urban population and growing need for various services, city governments and local organizations are looking for effective uses of city spaces. The City of Redlands wants to improve their use of vacant locations and provide better services to the local residents. In particular, the City of Redlands wants to apply mixed land use on the old Redlands Mall location that has been closed down. A comparative suitability analysis is conducted in a GIS to the site and surrounding areas to provide evidence to the client and the decision makers. Various factors, including schools, libraries, parks, hospitals, population density, and crime rate, are taken into consideration. The analysis results have a significant policy implication for the City of Redlands.

In June of 1962, the Canadian Pacific Railway announced a proposal to redevelop part of its reserved land in the heart of downtown Calgary. In an effort to bolster its waning revenues and to redefine its urban presence, the CPR proposed a multimillion dollar development project that included retail, office, and convention facilities, along with a major transportation centre. With visions of enhanced tax revenues, increased land values, and new investment opportunities, Calgary's political and business leaders greeted the proposal with excitement. Over the following year, the scope of the project expanded, growing to a scale never before seen in Canada. The plan took official form through an agreement between the City of Calgary and the railway company to develop a much larger area of land and to reroute or remove the railway tracks from the downtown area--a grand design for reshaping Calgary's urban core. In 1964, amid bickering and a failed negotiating process, the project came to an abrupt end. What caused this promising partnership between the nation's leading corporation and the burgeoning city of Calgary to collapse?What, in economic terms, was perceived to be a win-win situation for both parties fell prey to a conflict between corporate rigidity and an unorganized, ill-informed, and over-enthusiastic civic administration and city council. Drawing on the private records of Rod Sykes, the CPR's onsite negotiator and later Calgary's mayor, Foran unravels the fascinating story of how politics ultimately undermined promise.

Post Conflict Reconstruction is a very complex topic, whether it is to be undertaken by the Local or the International Community. The process of the Post Conflict Development is to be very hard to investigate, primarily for the combination of socio-cultural phenomena, war and political instability; having difficulties of conducting solid empirical analysis (obtaining reliable data) and dealing with war-torn communities. The multifaceted process of the reconstruction is ought to touch a lot of countries vital segments, whereas each of them requires different approach; coordination with one another; and unification in their common aim. The emergency of the assistance programs are not equal, same as with the priority and weight when compared with each other, therefore occasionally there are programs for the success of which the other less important actions are violated or neglected. The case is with the International Community presence ( the set up), which aside from their mission and projects, it is considered to play a very important role on the urban development of a post conflict city; the setting was never planned or considered in a holistic manner, therefore IC establishment was done ad hoc and it was guided by issues which did not help at its greatest to the urban development of the city and more over to the citizens who were most in need. The study is about the Urban Development, due to the fact that the biggest concentration of the International Community is likely to be in the urban centers, and the experienced changes are of a much considerable magnitude. The reconstruction phase is likely to be lasting at about 10 years and more , consequently the International Community for that time being tends to be recognized as temporary citizens of the city, and it is inevitably that they will be having an impact on the urban development of the city; in that basis it is considered to be significant that the International Community Establishment/Set Up be included into the International Organizations mission and assist in the overall mission of the reconstruction.

To optimise the use of limited available land, land-scarce cities such as Singapore are increasingly looking towards the underground in search of more space. A good understanding of what already exists underground is essential for the planning of underground spaces. In particular, utility services make up a significant part of what exists underground. To meet planning needs, the Singapore government has initiated efforts towards bringing records of existing utility networks together in a single database and share its contents to support planning, design, and construction of underground developments. However, these records can not be relied on to support these critical processes: They are not guaranteed to represent today's state of the underground, are not accurate or of unknown accuracy, are inconsistently modelled, and may indicate as-design information instead of as-built information. This lack of reliability leads to an increase in cost and a loss in efficiency caused by the need to repeatedly survey to locate existing utility services on-site, and can have potentially disastrous outcomes when an excavation would damage existing services. Technological advances in utility surveying and mapping devices such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and gyroscopic pipeline mapping devices offer the potential of accurately mapping utilities in three dimensions (3D) at a large scale and high speed. However, a better understanding of the benefits and limitations of these technologies in a practical context is needed, as well as their suitability for mapping to support applications such as urban planning and land administration. The Digital Underground project is a collaboration between Singapore-ETH Centre, Singapore Land Authority and the City of Zürich that aims to develop a roadmap towards a reliable 3D utility map of Singapore. To enable the development of utility mapping standards and guidelines, the 3D mapping workflow for underground utilities is studied extensively based on market research, literature study, and case studies. This work presents the beginnings of a framework for 3D mapping of underground utilities as one of the initial results of the Digital Underground project as it is in progress. From these experiences, it can be concluded that, together with existing data, data captured using various surveying methods can indeed contribute to the establishment and maintenance of a consolidated and reliable utility map. To this end, a multi-sensor, multi-data 3D mapping workflow is proposed to integrate data captured using different surveying techniques during different moments in the development lifecycle of utilities. Based on this framework, this work also identifies areas for improvement and critical gaps to be bridged that will ultimately form part of the roadmap.

This research was conducted to determine the effect of empowerment, planning quality (KP) and apparatus performance (KA) simultaneously on regional development in the Banjarbaru City Government. This research approach uses a quantitative causal method. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The population of this research is 103 people with random sampling technique and the research sample is 83 people. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis, F test and T test. The results obtained in the study indicate that the Empowerment of Apparatus (X1) on Regional Development (Y) sig 0.000 value. The sig value is smaller than the probability value of 0.05, or the value of 0.000 ttable can be concluded that the variable X1 has a contribution to Y. Quality Planning (X2) on Regional Development (Y) sig 0.039. The sig value is smaller than the probability value 0.05, or the value 0.016 0.05, then H3 is accepted and Ho is rejected. The variable X3 has a tcount of 3,150 with ttable = 2,021. The results of the F test F count is 16,854 with a probability value (sig) = 0,000. Value of Fcount (16,854)> Ftable (3,10), and the value of sig. smaller than the probability value of 0.05 or the value of 0.000 <0.05; then H01 is accepted. Apparatus Empowerment (X1), Planning Quality (X2) and Apparatus Performance (X3), affect regional development (Y) with R Square of 0.393 = 39.3% on Regional Development, while 64.6%. The results of the dominant test of Apparatus Empowerment (X1) are more influential on regional development (Y) in the City Government of Banjarbaru with a value of 0.303 at the sig level of 0.000. So it can be explained that if the empowerment of the apparatus is good in the regions, the development of the Banjarbaru city will be even better.