Suchergebnisse

Project management is one of the disciplines with the greatest academic interest in recent years, due to the importance of projects for the economy and strategic positioning of both an organization and a region or country. The maturity of project management in organizations is related to the search for a competitive advantage in the market through excellence in the projects and various models of maturity have been proposed in the organizations. The objective of this study is to characterize the maturity in the management of construction projects in Colombia, based on the perception of a representative sample of project managers in the sector. The results show that, at each of the maturity levels, such as standardization, measurement, control and continuous improvement, project managers, mostly the project management processes, have techniques and tools for project management implemented. However, the basic orientation of construction project management towards the processes of knowledge areas that make up the so-called iron triangle of projects, such as scope, schedule, budget and quality, is evident. The results of this research show the need to implement appropriate strategies by construction companies to improve the level of maturity in processes related to the management of resources (mainly human resources), project knowledge management, risk management and communication management among the different stakeholder groups of the project, in order to increase the success rate of projects in this sector. the construction.

Abstract Environment issues and their relationship with man have encouraged discussions and actions to prevent negative effects on the environment. To have effective programs that encourage more sustainable actions in Construction, it is necessary to know what people think and know about sustainability, the meanings and socially shared ideas. This research was developed within an interdisciplinary approach involving social psychology and civil engineering and aims to identify the social representations of college students of engineering and humanities on sustainability. It is a descriptive study that used an electronic questionnaire and EVOC for data analysis. The results point to a social representation of sustainability associated with the environmental dimension: environment, environmental, and nature. The other two dimensions of the triple bottom line, economic and social, appear superficially as peripheral representations.

The survival of micro and small companies (MSE) is an important theme in the world economic scenario, representing only in Brazil 98.5% of all private companies (SEBRAE, 2018). This article will discuss aspects in common between these companies and which classification criteria are used in Brazil and other countries, in order to have a broad view of this theme. Therefore, 7 MSEs were interviewed in Braço do Norte, Brazil, applying the methodology of the GeneSys project developed by the MIT, analyzing the management practices employed, decision-making criteria and how they behaved during the COVID-19 crisis, making comparisons and setting standards between them. As a result, for the companies that showed interest during the interview, some points of improvement were indicated, such as a better use of available resources and use of new management tools, consequently increasing the company's survival.

Work at heights in the construction industry is responsible for a large number of occupational accidents. In Brazil, despite the relevant security-related legislation, it is possible to find situations of neglect and improvisation in various construction sites. The aim is to promote the debate about labor safety at construction sites. This article discusses the similarities between the labor safety laws of Brazil and Uruguay. After visits to construction sites in the cities of Recife (Brazil) and Montevideo (Uruguay) it was possible to observe both ergonomic and labor safety problems. After analyzing the perception of risk, improvement suggestions were generated.

The potential affection of any construction, and especially historical sites, is of great concern for their long-term maintenance and stability. This study has determined the vibration behavior in poor-quality rock mass conditions generated by some of the most typical equipment used in construction: excavator, ripper, ripper vibrator, hydraulic hammer, bulldozer and vibrating roller. Several empirical expressions are proposed to know the maximum velocity at different distances for each type of equipment, taking into account the intensity of the vibration generated and its pattern. A general equation has also been defined to determine the vibration propagation along the distance at a construction site, based on the impact generated by all the possible vibration elements, exogenous and endogenous, including machinery working individually or in any possible combination and number. On the other hand, the maximum allowable velocity in the case study is also discussed and compared to international standards, stating some recommendations. It would be very important to have a clear legislation in this regard due to the high density of sensitive constructions in Spain and the economic implications of applying too high or too low standard values. ; The present work was funded by the company Via Tramo 2 UTE in the frame of the University-Company collaboration projects FUO-EM-188-11 and FUO-EM-256-12. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

The world is sensitive to unbridled consumption that impacts on sustainability. Eco-innovation has been shown to be an approach that seeks to understand sustainable innovations as an alternative to the economic development of societies. The main contribution of this paper is to describe how the system of eco innovation practices was developed in the process of socio-technical transition to sustainability in a construction company. From a qualitative approach we describe how eco-innovation practices are developed in a construction company with socio-technical theory and social practice theory. This analysis allowed us to understand how eco-innovation practices are developed, considering points that delay or stimulate the transition to sustainability. The results showed some intersections with niche, regime and landscape, many of them stimulating sustainability and others slowing down. We also included an amplification of the theory by showing that the intersections that stimulate are more organized in practices, and those that delay find strong barriers in the regime.

The common point between the two forms of production of the wood-based sector in Brazil, one practically manufacturing and the other high technology, is in the qualification of the of the labor. In both cases, the professionals are being formed directly in the productive line and rarely with qualification in the academic area. There is not a public political education for the qualification of the labor, and the work market that does not demand qualified professionals, contributes for the sector stagnation. So, in order to excel the socio-cultural barriers in relation to the use of wood in the buildings, new attitudes are necessary in the teaching of the contents of the curricular programs, mainly, in formation of the architect and civil engineering.

Cost and time performance are considered to be the most important aspects in the construction industry. The exceptional conditions that took place in Iraq since the beginning of the third millennia had a huge vicious impact on the cost and time performance of local construction projects. This may represent the principal motivation for the local authorities to enact some four successive legislations in order to control the performance of the construction industry. In this research, an evaluation is made to the cost and time performance of local construction projects and their variation due to the multiple changes in the internal factors that affect project performance, and changes in the surrounding events include legislative, economic, and security environment during the period that lasted from 2003 to 2014. Data is collected from 30 governmental projects to conduct the evaluation. A comprehensive questionnaire is performed to estimate a quantitative value for the impact of several factors that concern both the owner and the contractor, with special consideration to their variation through the successive legislation periods. These estimates are, in turn, utilized in a system dynamics model, in which the project development process is simulated. The final cost and duration changes in the project are accumulated in the form of stocks to give an indication of the cost and time performance of the project. The developed model returned a progressive reduction of 10.9% for the change in project cost and 135.37% for the change in project schedule throughout the eleven years period.

Cost and time performance are considered to be the most important aspects in the construction industry. The exceptional conditions that took place in Iraq since the beginning of the third millennia had a huge vicious impact on the cost and time performance of local constructionprojects. This may represent the principal motivation for the local authorities to enact some four successive legislations in order to control the performance of the construction industry. In this research, an evaluation is made to the cost and time performance of local construction projects and their variation due to the multiple changes in the internal factors that affect project performance,and changes in the surrounding events include legislative, economic, and security environment during the period that lasted from 2003 to 2014. Data is collected from 30 governmental projects to conduct the evaluation. A comprehensive questionnaire is performed to estimate a quantitative value for the impact of several factors that concern both the owner and the contractor, with special consideration to their variation through the successive legislation periods. These estimates are, in turn, utilized in a system dynamics model, in which the project development process is simulated. The final cost and duration changes in the project are accumulated in the form of stocks to give an indication of the cost and time performance of the project. The developed model returned a progressive reduction of 10.9% for the change in project cost and 135.37% for the change in project schedule throughout the eleven years period. ; Validerad;2019;Nivå 2;2019-06-10 (oliekm)