Suchergebnisse

Every effort is being made to retain in the literature programs of the Soviet schools and universities all the best work of the Russian literary giants of the nineteenth century. There is even a trend in Soviet scholarship to place the best literary work of the Soviet period in the tradition of the nineteenth-century Russian classics. Lenin repeated time and again that it was necessary "to assimilate critically all that is valuable from the preceding culture." Some Soviet scholars go even further and claim that socialist realism and its best representatives are continuing the literary traditions of the great nineteenth-century Russian writers. Konstantin Fedin is thought of as one who continues Turgenev's "traditions of intellectualism" and shares his ability to be "a chronicler of his epoch, a creator of unforgettable women characters," and Sholokhov is regarded as a writer who further develops Tolstoy's style. Some Soviet critics even complain because there is no visible link in the educational programs to connect Mayakovsky with Pushkin and Lermontov.

The classical cold war period began with the founding of the Cominform in the fall of 1947 and ended with the death of Stalin in June, 1953. But, as the Soviet poet Yevtushenko has observed, "Stalin's Heirs" are still very much with us; not only Soviet but also U.S. policy is heavily burdened with the Stalinist heritage of the cold war period.For the USSR the Geneva Summit Conference cleared the way for the 1956 20th Party Congress and the new General Line which recognized that in a world threatened with thermonuclear holocaust, coexistence is better thari no-existence, and that war —meaning general war—is no longer inevitable.

Here begins a presentation of the evidence for the complexity of the great pre-Greek civilization, focused in Crete and bearing, from the dynasty of the Priest-King called Minos or the Minos, the name of Minoan. This Aegean civilization gave many gifts to the coming Greeks – to those who, using Minoan script to write proto-Greek, as Ventris and Chadwick have shown, established the Homeric civilization of Mycenae, and to those who, surviving the onslaught of the Dorian Greeks, finally established the comprehensive civilization of classical times. In this classical civilization even the initially destructive Dorians played a constructive part, but it was in the little land most influenced by the Minoan heritage, Attica, that Greece most characteristically became the Greece still transmitting to the rest of the world the remoter effects, at least, of the great epoch of the Priest-King. What will here be recounted is only a prelude, limited to the days before the Palace of the Minos was given to the flames, and may later be followed by themes developing the events of the Greek world proper; nevertheless, even a prelude may have a profound bearing on the coming symphony.

The Chinese Literary Revolution of 1J1'(, originally concerned with the problem of replacing the classical language with the living language of the people as a medium for written communication, introduced a period of rapid change & experimentation in Chinese literature. During the 1920's & 1930's, pol'al as well as literary issues were involved in the debates over literary theory & practice. Nationalism & realism were dominant themes, & left-wing influence grew steadily. The Chinese Communist (C) approach to literature, specifically defined by Mao Tse-tung in 1942, was translated into a nationwide program for the writers with the C victory in 1949. Since then, `socialist realism' has been the guiding principle for all writing although C policy has selectively accepted certain segments of the Chinese literary heritage which meet their pol'al criteria. While the wide-spread use of new forms, techniques, & emphases resulting from the Western impact on China has been a notable feature of modern literature, nevertheless the element of 'realism' has definite historical antecedents in Chinese literary history. Thus both continuity and radical change have been present in the stream of modern Chinese literature. AA.

The Chinese Literary Revolution of 1917, origi nally concerned with the problem of replacing the classical lan guage with the living language of the people as a medium for written communication, introduced a period of rapid change and experimentation in Chinese literature. During the 1920's and 1930's, political as well as literary issues were involved in the debates over literary theory and practice. Nationalism and realism were dominant themes, and left-wing influence grew steadily. The Chinese Communist approach to literature, specifically defined by Mao Tse-tung in 1942, was translated into a nationwide program for the writers with the Communist victory in 1949. Since then, "socialist realism" has been the guiding principle for all writing although Communist policy has selectively accepted certain segments of the Chinese literary heritage which meet their political criteria. While the wide spread use of new forms, techniques, and emphases resulting from the Western impact on China has been a notable feature of modern literature, nevertheless the element of "realism" has definite historical antecedents in Chinese literary history. Thus both continuity and radical change have been present in the stream of modern Chinese literature.