Suchergebnisse

This examination of the role of litigation in addressing the problem of climate change focuses not only on how the massive and growing number of lawsuits influences regulation directly, but also on how the lawsuits shape corporate behaviour and public opinion. It provides readers with an understanding of how these lawsuits have shaped approaches to mitigation and adaptation, and have been used to try to force and to block regulation. There is a particular emphasis on lawsuits in the United States and Australia, the two jurisdictions which have had the most climate change litigation in the world, and the lessons provide broader insights into the role of courts in addressing climate change.

Prologue / Daniel Calleja -- Preface / Raphael J. Heffron -- Introductory note / Vicente López-Ibor Mayor -- I Climate change and energy. The energy transition from the European perspective / Jorge Vasconcelos -- Clean energy and decarbonization objectives in the EU : impact on European energy model and implications for power markets / Alberto Amores -- The Energy Union – catalyser or roadblock for Europe's energy transition? / Christophe Schramm -- Environment & motorsport. A race to sustainability / Alejandro Agag And Enrique Buenaventura -- Clean energy and environmental tax regime / Marta Villar Ezcurra -- II Clean energy regulation and technological change. Clean energies in México after and before the last energy reform / Francisco X. Salazar Diez de Sollano -- Renewable energies in Peru / Alfredo Dammert L. -- The regulation of renewable energy in Latin America : the experiences of Brazil and Mexico / Gabriel Cavazos Villanueva And Carolina Barros de Castro e Souza -- Distributed generation and the energy transition / Eloy Álvarez Pelegry And Juan Luis López Cardenete -- The regulation of demand side resources to support the energy transition / Andreas Formosa -- The role of power purchase agreements (PPAs) in the renewable energy markets -- Are corporate renewable PPAs the future of power supply? / Dr. Ece Gürsoy, Lucille De Silva and Andrew Meaden -- Renewable energies in the Argentine Republic : special reference to the legal regime of the electric sector / Ezequiel Cassagne -- Energy storage : a clear key technology priority in the energy system / Carlos Vazquez Cobos, Alexandre Díez Baumann, María José Gómez Serrano and Vicente López-Ibor Lobato -- III Governance and international cooperation. Modern renewable energy : approaching the tipping point? / Paul Isbell -- The relevance of the energy charter to develop renewable energies in Latin America / Margarita Nieves Zárate -- 7=17 : universal access with renewable energy as leverage to help attain all SDGs / Carlos Sallé -- Afterword / Luis Francisco Martínez Montes

This paper aims to identify the impediments to the development of the renewable energy sector in Kazakhstan through the lens of governance by drawing on the definition of governance as the execution of policy. The paper investigates the execution of the nation's policy on renewables by looking into the investment process, and provides an assessment of governance quality based on the interplay between state capacity and bureaucratic autonomy. Critical impediments to investment in renewables include the multiplicity of provisions and agencies involved; the unstructured and ineffectual relations between renewable energy producers and operators; the ineffectual governance structures and mechanisms; the inconsistent development of the legal and regulatory framework; and the uncertainty regarding the resolution of legal disputes. Assessment of each of these indicates a very high degree of bureaucratic autonomy and limited state capacity, which, complemented by continuous dominance of the oil and gas sector, significantly impedes the government's attempts to expand the renewable energy sector. As reliance on oil and oil revenue continues, in the long term the nation's energy security is jeopardised. The paper contributes to knowledge by enhancing the understanding of governance of the renewables sector and providing insights into ways to facilitate investment.

International political negotiations and national policy for climate change mitigation are increasingly focussed on the mobilisation and scale up of investments in clean energy infrastructure. This paper aims to develop the understanding of how institutional investors in the private sector perceive barriers to scaling up investment into clean energy infrastructure and what policy solutions to those barriers they advocate. This paper adds to existing scientific knowledge through a clear focus on private sector perceptions. Through the analysis of previous public statements from organisations and coalitions in the finance sector a number of investment barriers were identified. These initial barriers fed into a Delphi process. The outputs of the Delphi process were categorized into five sets of barriers and a number of policy solutions associated with investing into clean energy solutions. We conclude that there is a need for better engagement with the institutional investment community to ensure further effort on policy development that underpins investments at scale is effective and efficient.

A review of the spending and job creation achieved under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, enacted in 2009 under President Obama. Areas receiving government assistance: clean energy, energy efficiency, clean energy transportation and manufacturing.