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This paper explores the opportunities for a 'just transition' to low carbon and sustainable energy systems; one that addresses the current inequities in the distribution of energy benefits and their human and ecological costs. In order to prioritize policies that address energy poverty alleviation and sustainability concerns, national action and higher levels of international cooperation and coordination are required to steer public policy towards a broader range of public interests. This also implies re-directing the vast sums of private energy finance that currently serve a narrow set of interests. This paper considers how national and global energy governance must adapt and change to ensure a just transition to low carbon and sustainable energy systems. Creating a low carbon and sustainable energy transition will face significant challenges in overcoming opposition from a broad array of interest groups. The challenges of guiding a just transition are amplified by the relinquishing of government control over the energy sector in many countries and the current weak and fragmented state of global energy governance. The necessary changes in energy decision making will entail complex trade-offs and rebound effects that make strong, participatory and transparent institutional arrangements essential in order to govern such challenges equitably. In this respect, procedural justice is critical to achieving distributive justice and to creating a simultaneously rapid, sustainable and equitable transition to clean energy futures.

Substantial increase of the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix -- International cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology -- Promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology -- Expanded infrastructure and upgrade technology for supplying modern and sustainable energy services in developing countries

Access to Energy at Household Level -- Access to Modern Energy Services for the Promotion of Sustainable Development -- Access to Renewable Energy Resources: A Gender and Inclusivity Perspective -- Affordable and Clean Renewable and Nonrenewable Energy -- Alternative Energy: Sources and Future Trends -- Assessing the Electricity Sector Reform Paradigm -- Available Energy: Powering the Energetic and Societal Needs of Sustainable Communities -- Bioenergy Alternatives for the Disposal of Carbon Oxides -- Biofuel and Biogas Policies: Economic, Regulatory and Sustainability Challenges -- Biofuel Development: Institutional Design Across the World -- Centralized Versus Decentralized Electrification Pathways -- Challenges of Reliable Power Supply with Emphasis on Renewables -- Charcoal Production Technology: Discussion about Energy Waste -- Civilian Uses and Challenges of Nuclear Energy -- Clean Energy Solutions and Sustainable Development -- Community Engagement, Customer Engagement, and Changes in Behavior.

This edited book is a comprehensive collection of chapters on various clean energy technology such as solar energy, waste biomass as energy, hydro-electricity generation, biodiesel production from biomass and strategies to cater the demand of clean renewable energy. Clean energy technologies also enhance economic growth by increasing the supply of energy demand and tackling environmental challenges and their impacts due to the use of other conventional sources of energy. The conventional/non-conventional energy production methods are efficient but it has adverse effects on environment and human health. As environmental concerns are not avoidable therefore the necessity of clean energy production comes in to the picture. The clean energy can be produced by different wastes which are caused for the environmental pollution. This book covers various aspects of new and renewable clean energy production technology and its utilization in different fields. This is a useful reading material for students and researchers involved in clean energy study.

This book is the first of two volumes that review various approaches and instruments that have been tried, tested, and utilized to scale up clean energy development in Asia and the Pacific. This volume examines clean energy investment needs and financing gaps in the region and reviews existing financing options and approaches, including examples of how these have been applied. Innovative solutions for mobilizing private finance and managing risks associated with clean energy investments are also discussed.

AbstractThe global energy industry is transforming as governments invest in clean energy technologies to address climate change, enhance energy security, and strengthen national competitiveness. Comparative research on clean energy transitions highlights the domestic drivers and constraints of clean energy transitions. This article contends that we need to understand the effects of global interdependence on clean energy transitions. Shifts in forms of interdependence between firms—influenced by the rise of global supply chains—have new implications for policy choices made by governments. Governments face more complex demands from domestic industries facing global economic competition, and act strategically in response to the actions of other governments, including sub-national actors, and firms in the global economy. We suggest that research on interdependence in clean energy transitions benefits from an analytical focus on mechanisms of transnational change such as cross-national and multi-level policy feedback and cross-national policy sequencing. Global interdependence has important implications for economic and environmental outcomes, affecting the durability of competitive advantage, and influencing the pace of the diffusion of clean energy technologies.

The EU Clean Energy Package sets the EU energy efficiency and renewable energy ambitions for the 2030 horizon. It also updates the rules that govern the functioning of the internal electricity market and the transmission and distribution grids. The package, proposed by the European Commission in November 2016, includes 8 legislative proposals on the electricity market and consumers, Energy Efficiency and Energy Efficiency of buildings, Renewables & bioenergy sustainability as well as governance of the Energy Union. The Council agreed on its negotiating position for four legislative proposals of the EU Clean energy package in December 2017. For the different topics selected for this report, we will present the Commission proposals as well as the Council position included in the electricity Directive and Regulation. The positions of the different stakeholders of the EU electricity sector will also be stated at the end of each discussed topic.

1 Brief introduction to first, second and third generation of biofuels -- 2 Renewable biofuel sources as bioclean energy potential and challenges -- 3 Metabolic rewiring and cultivation optimization for photosynthetic biofule production in cynobacteria -- 4 Role of enzymes in biofuel production: recent developments and challenges -- 5 Engineered strains in the development of the biofuel industry -- 6 Genetic Engineering: an optimism for sustainable biofuel production -- 7 Algal-based biofuel production; opportunities, challenges, and prospects -- 8 SAPO-34 zeolite and membranes for biogas purification -- 9 Nanotechnology based biofuel production -- 10 Advancement of Nanoparticles in Gaseous Biofuel Production -- 11 Nano catalyzed transesterification of thumba oil for biodiesel production using hydrodynamic cavitation -- 12 Nanotechnology: Use of conventional methods in biofuel production -- 13 An insight into nanomaterials and its used in biofuel production -- 14 An overview of nanostructures and its application in biofuel production -- 15 Production of biodiesel from the bacterial lipid of sewage sludge: Versatile future of bioenergy in developing countries -- 16 Environmental Impact and Economic Benefits of Biofuel Production -- 17 Advanced anaerobic processing of bioresources for production of clean and sustainable gaseous biofuels -- 18 Techno economic analysis of lignocellulosic based biofuels: an approach towards a practical biorefinery.