Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this paper is to show the relationship between co-development projects with transnational interests and the governance of migration by the Spanish and Ecuadorian governments. On one hand, the emergence of co-development is linked with the political dimension of migration, and therefore, with the challenges that its management poses for both the sending and receiving states. Simultaneously, the state exists in a context of the reconfiguration of its traditional functions, and above all, the manner in which it goes about performing them. For these reasons, co-development projects form part of state governance strategies, based on a special understanding of the nexus between migration and development in European social space, involving international organizations, state governments, and civil society, linked by migratory flows. This is demonstrated in the case of Ecuador and Spain. Since Spain stimulated co-development, the implementation of projects with Ecuador has been emphasized, due to the dimensions achieved by Ecuadorian migration. Co-development politics and projects are analyzed in this paper as areas of intervention integrated by values, guide lines and cultural understandings about migration, including appropriate forms of control and management.

In spite of the wealth of experience which co-operative societies now have behind them, they have not gained uniform recognition across Europe. Supranational authorities such as the European Commission, the UN and the ILO have highlighted the important contribution made by co-operative societies in the creation of employment and in the mobilization of resources particularly at the local level. For several years now, however, two different tendencies in the development of the European co-operative movement are becoming apparent and they are analysed in this study. One is towards the creation of growth processes through formulas which aim to bring under the same roof asset holders who by their very nature are a difficult fit, all the while trying to maintain certain cooperative principles. And on the other hand, a tendency towards the creation of micro-companies that act in local markets and allow for erritorial development by means of the mobilization of local resources, based on local allegiance of the partners and democratic participation.

Based on a collaborative ethnography, thisarticle presents an itinerary of my experiencesas an anthropologist learning to learn about"rape" of the nasa women of northern Cauca.The epistemological, methodological, political,emotional and ethical reflection suggeststhat the process of knowledge constructionfor social transformation takes place duringethnographic fieldwork, whose disposition isconstituted by and is constitutive of the actionsof co-discovering the field, co-discoveroneself in it, and be interpellated. ; Basado en una etnografía colaborativa, este artículopresenta un itinerario de mis experienciascomo antropóloga aprendiendo a aprendersobre las experiencias de "violación sexual"de las mujeres nasa del norte del Cauca. Lareflexión epistemológica, metodológica, política,emocional y ética que abordo sugiere queel proceso de construcción de conocimientopara la transformación social tiene lugar duranteel trabajo de campo etnográfico, cuyadisposición está constituida por y es constitutivade las acciones de co-descubrir el campo,co-des-cubrirse en él y dejarse interpelar.

The article presents an introduction that installs two axes, the epistemic provocation and the triadic concept of technology. The first section, theoretical basis, invites precursor authors of the production of collective knowledge, who, challenging the conventions of the scientific method, put in epistemic range the knowledge of common sense. This part supports two technological dimensions: democratic and collaborative. The second section, an empirical basis, shares a technological experience within the framework of a democratic and collective process that turned out to be a shared lesson that fed the theory. The third section, methodological basis, elevates the conversation to the status of an instrument of action, as a cognitive bridge, to promote the co-construction of knowledge. Finally, some non-final conclusions reflect on a series of criteria that illuminate actions towards the co-construction of knowledge in a territory crossed by technology ; El artículo presenta una introducción que instala dos ejes, la provocación epistémica y el concepto triádico de la tecnología. La primera sección, base teórica, convida autores precursores de la producción de conocimiento colectivo, que desafiando las convenciones del método científico ponen en rango epistémico el saber de sentido común. Esta parte sostiene dos dimensiones tecnológicas: la democrática y la colaborativa. La segunda sección, base empírica, comparte una experiencia tecnológica en el marco de un proceso democrático y colectivo que resultó ser una lección compartida que alimentó la teoría. La tercera sección, base metodológica, eleva la conversación al estatus de instrumento de acción, como puente cognitivo, para promover la co-construcción de conocimiento. Por último, unas conclusiones no finales reflexionan acerca de una serie de criterios que iluminan acciones tendientes hacia la co construcción del conocimiento en un territorio atravesado por la tecnología.

The article presents an introduction that installs two axes, the epistemic provocation and the triadic concept of technology. The first section, theoretical basis, invites precursor authors of the production of collective knowledge, who, challenging the conventions of the scientific method, put in epistemic range the knowledge of common sense. This part supports two technological dimensions: democratic and collaborative. The second section, an empirical basis, shares a technological experience within the framework of a democratic and collective process that turned out to be a shared lesson that fed the theory. The third section, methodological basis, elevates the conversation to the status of an instrument of action, as a cognitive bridge, to promote the co-construction of knowledge. Finally, some non-final conclusions reflect on a series of criteria that illuminate actions towards the co-construction of knowledge in a territory crossed by technology ; El artículo presenta una introducción que instala dos ejes, la provocación epistémica y el concepto triádico de la tecnología. La primera sección, base teórica, convida autores precursores de la producción de conocimiento colectivo, que desafiando las convenciones del método científico ponen en rango epistémico el saber de sentido común. Esta parte sostiene dos dimensiones tecnológicas: la democrática y la colaborativa. La segunda sección, base empírica, comparte una experiencia tecnológica en el marco de un proceso democrático y colectivo que resultó ser una lección compartida que alimentó la teoría. La tercera sección, base metodológica, eleva la conversación al estatus de instrumento de acción, como puente cognitivo, para promover la co-construcción de conocimiento. Por último, unas conclusiones no finales reflexionan acerca de una serie de criterios que iluminan acciones tendientes hacia la co construcción del conocimiento en un territorio atravesado por la tecnología.

Resultado de la sistematización del Proyecto de investigación "Maestros y maestras como productoras de saberes y conocimientos alrededor de una cultura institucional para el emprendimiento y la empresarialidad" en convenio con Central Hidroeléctrica de Caldas - CHEC, La Fundación universitaria CAFAM y la universidad de Manizales ; La presente contribución nace de un proceso de sistematización de las prácticas escolares que se dan en la implementación del proyecto de emprendimiento social en una institución Educativa pública en Colombia. El enfoque metodológico utilizado para la sistematización de la experiencia se fundamentó en tres escenarios: El primero orientado a realizar una indagación sobre los principales acontecimientos que hicieron posible pensar el emprendimiento social como práctica de gestión de la escuela. El segundo escenario se orientó a la descripción detallada de la experiencia en aras de compilar en los relatos las prácticas cotidianas de maestros y estudiantes; y finalmente un tercer escenario que permitió la realización del proceso analítico a través de conceptos sensibilizadores. Las categorías abordadas hacen énfasis en el emprendimiento social, el trabajo Colaborativo, la experiencia política y la gestión escolar. La parte conclusiva reconoce la importancia de las prácticas políticas de colaboración en los procesos de mejoramiento de la gestión de la escuela ; This contribution comes from a process of systematization of the school practices that occur in the implementation of the social entrepreneurship project in a public educational institution in Colombia. The methodological approach used for the systematization of the experience was based on three scenarios: The first one oriented to make an inquiry about the main events that made it possible to think of social entrepreneurship as a school management practice. The second scenario was oriented to the detailed description of the experience in order to compile in the stories the daily practices of teachers and students; And finally a third scenario that allowed the realization of the analytical process through sensitizing concepts. The categories addressed emphasize social entrepreneurship, collaborative work, political experience and school management. The concluding part recognizes the importance of collaborative political practices in the processes of improving school management

This paper presents a critic review of the dialogue between Claudia Hilb and Diego Tatián published in No. 12 of "Discussions" (2013). In that debate, Hilb argued that criminally prosecuting the military involved in ab- errant crimes, had won in justice and paid a price in Truth. In his response, Tatián presented the opposite option, pointing out the difficulties involved in founding a community after a crime if the military were not prosecuted. In this revisit some models of "truth" that Hilb indirectly proposes are questioned, however, it is suggested that it is necessary to continue seeking the truth (as correspondence). In addition, it is proposed that one should think about the need or not to carry out criminal trials from the justification of the punishment and not by its secondary consequences as the authors do; finally, there is a questioning of the need for reconciliation in Argentina nowadays. ; En este trabajo se presenta una revisión crítica del diálogo entre Claudia Hilb y Diego Tatián publicado en el n.o 12 de Discusiones (2013). En ese debate, Hilb sostenía que juzgar penalmente a los militares involucrados en los crímenes aberrantes había ganado en justicia y pagado un precio en Verdad. En su respuesta, Tatián presentaba la opción contraria, señalando las dificultades que implicaría fundar una comunidad después del crimen sin enjuiciar penalmente a los militares. En esta "re-visita" se cuestionan algunos modelos de "verdad" que indirectamente propone Hilb pero se sugiere que es necesario seguir buscando la verdad (como correspondencia) de hechos vinculados al pasado reciente. Además, se propone que la necesidad o no de los juicios penales depende de la justificación de las penas y no de sus consecuencias secundarias. Finalmente, se presenta un cuestionamiento a la necesidad de reconciliación en la Argentina actualmente.

Ricardo Quesada López-Calleja was born in Barrio Amón, San José, Costa Rica on August 31, 1929. He was the youngest son of Víctor Quesada Carvajal and Hortensia López-Calleja Mora. Educated both in private and public schools, he graduated as a lawyer from the University of Costa Rica. As a teenager, he worked in the Castro & Quesada Warehouse with his father. It is said that it was Quesada López-Calleja who started and transformed foreign trade in Costa Rica by establishing business relationships with different Eastern European countries, where he was appointed Ambassador. In the 70's, he taught in the Escuela Normal Superior, and in the School of Political Science at the University of Costa Rica. Quesada published different iconographies from leaders of the world, some other works related to archeological artifacts in the National Museum, and his masterpiece Costa Rica. La Frontera Sur de Mesoamérica. Founder of the environmental movement in Costa Rica, he created along with a group of students, professors, and friends, the National Patrimony Defense Committee on April 24, 1970. Later on, he participated in important environmental efforts seeking to protect the country's archaeological and natural patrimony, to introduce an environmental amendment in the Constitution of Costa Rica (Art. 50), and to enact the Environmental Law. Ricardo Quesada López-Calleja died on January 31, 1994, and, as the founder of the environmental movement, this was his legacy to the people of Costa Rica. ; Ricardo Quesada López-Calleja nace en el Barrio Amón, San José, Costa Rica, un 31 de agosto de 1929. Fue el hijo menor de Víctor Quesada Carvajal y Hortensia López-Calleja Fuentes. Estudió en escuelas públicas y privadas y se gradúa como abogado y notario en la Universidad de Costa Rica. Trabajó con su padre en el Almacén Castro y Quesada durante su juventud. Inicia y transforma el comercio exterior en Costa Rica al establecer relaciones comerciales con diversos países de Europa del Este, donde fue nombrado como embajador. En la ...

This article shows a particular interest in the t-shirt, a garment assumed as a communication device. The objective is to recognize the sociocultural and aesthetic meanings of the graphics revealed on the t-shirts of young people from the city of Pereira (Risaralda, Colombia), derived from the graphic influences to which they are exposed. To carry out this process, the qualitative approach is used, through an ethnographic approach for the consolidation of profiles that reflect the meanings of the group represented. The results obtained indicated four typologies: 1) the communicative use by commercial brands as a priority, 2) the preference from pregnancy to the composition of the form, 3) the use based on musical expressions, and 4) the use from political representations. In conclusion, the meanings of the graphics of the t-shirts are related to the communicative interests of the context in which they are developed, however, the uses of these garments are not only influenced by external factors of consumption, but also by the need to expose a social, political or cultural reality. The research-creation exercises acquire methodological relevance, both in the visual work and in the creative process to contribute to the transformative and communicative experience ; El presente artículo muestra un interés particular por la camiseta, prenda de vestir conceptualizada como dispositivo comunicativo. El objetivo es reconocer las significaciones socioculturales y estéticas de los grafismos develados en las camisetas de los jóvenes de la ciudad de Pereira (Risaralda, Colombia), derivadas de las influencias gráficas a las que ellos se encuentran expuestos. Para realizar dicho proceso se emplea el enfoque cualitativo, a través de un abordaje etnográfico para la consolidación de perfiles que reflejan las significaciones del colectivo representado. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron cuatro tipologías: 1) el uso comunicativo por marcas comerciales como prioridad, 2) la preferencia desde pregnancia a la composición de la forma, 3) el uso fundamentado en expresiones musicales, y 4) el uso desde las representaciones políticas. En conclusión, las significaciones de los grafismos de las camisetas se encuentran relacionadas a intereses comunicativos propios del contexto en el que se desenvuelven, sin embargo, los usos de estas prendas no solo están influenciadas por factores externos de consumo, sino también por la necesidad de exponer una realidad social, política o cultural. Los ejercicios de investigación-creación cobran relevancia metodológica, tanto de la obra visual como en el proceso creativo para contribuir a la experiencia transformadora y comunicativa.

The aim of this work is to give historical insight into the federal tax co-participation regime. There are two main periods: the pre-Federal co-participation of taxes (1853-1934), characterised as competitive federalism, and the co-participation of taxes from 1935 to the present day. In this second large period, nine stages or periods are distinguished on the basis of legislative developments and quantitative results. The first five stages include birth, maturation and processing, extending from 1935 to the end of the 1970s. The sixth period (1980-1984) starts the path towards the disruption and fall of the regime, leading to the next three periods (1985-87; 1988-89 and 1990 to the present day) of the birth and consolidation of coercive federalism. Each of these periods leaves lessons and lessons that can be useful for the design of a new scheme. Project "Regional Disparities and Fiscal Federalism: A proposal for the reform of the Federal co-participation regime for taxes in Argentina "in the Department of Economics of the UNLP is supported by the Tinker Foundation. Director of the Project: Dr Alberto Porto. Department of Economics ; The aim of this paper is to make an historical review of the Argentine Revenue Sharing System. Two main periods are distinguished: one previous to the Revenue Sharing System (1853-1934), characterized as Competitive Federalism; and the Revenue Sharing period itself, from 1935 onwards. Within this second period nine sub-periods are distinguished according to the evolution Revenue Sharing both legally and quantitatively. The first five sub-periods (from 1935 to the 70s) include the birth, maturing and improvement of the regimen; the system evolved from a Competitive to a Cooperative federalism. The sixth period (1980-1984) starts the way towards the disarticulation and the end of the regimen, giving place to the following three periods of birth and consolidation of the Coercitive Federalism. Each period generates illuminating lessons offering interesting insights for the design of a ...

The present work tries to contribute to the contemporary interpellations to the scholastic universe that are developed from co-designed narrative documentations of the pedagogical praxis. In these movements it is intended to identify interventions generated in some public schools of the Initial Level of the City of Buenos Aires and to visualize reconfigurations of professional teacher development, understood as continuous training of the subjects that debate knowledge and political-pedagogical positions. In this context, mediated proposals with technologies are inscribed, enabling constructions of knowledge and interpretations located, from the autobiographical discourse of their authors. ; El presente trabajo intenta contribuir a las interpelaciones contemporáneas al universo escolar, que se desarrollan a partir de documentaciones narrativas co-diseñadas de la praxis pedagógica. En esos movimientos se pretende identificar intervenciones generadas en algunas escuelas públicas de Nivel Inicial de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y visibilizar reconfiguraciones del desarrollo profesional docente, entendido como formación continua de los sujetos que debaten saberes y posicionamientos político-pedagógicos. En este contexto, se inscriben las propuestas mediatizadas con tecnologías, habilitando construcciones de conocimientos e interpretaciones situadas, del discurso autobiográfico de sus autores.

Does social policy help improve income distribution at all in Latin America? Th is question is crucial in the most unequal region of the world, as discussed in the introduction of this book. Th is chapter establishes the nature and magnitude of redistribution across welfare regimes in Latin America and discusses the role of distributional co ali tions, that is, of actors actively engaged in increasing the role of a public and collective allocation of resources. For the purposes of this chapter, we defi ne social policy as the constellation of key policies involved in social ser vices and transfers, primarily related to education, health care, and transfers such as social insurance and social assistance. Th e power- resource approach contends that to counterbalance elites and their powerful resources, progressive parties should create distributional coali tions with an extensive array of actors. Large, broad societal co ali tions are more likely to emerge under the presence of universal rather than targeted social policy because they create incentives to get the middle class involved (Korpi and Palme 1998). In addition, Esping- Andersen (1990) shows for Eu rope an and North American countries that such co ali tions diff er considerably across welfare regimes: redistribution refl ects class alliances, leading to the central role of left - wing, social Christian, and liberal parties in social democracies, conservative welfare regimes, and liberal welfare regimes, respectively. ; UCR::Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales (IIS)

El presente ensayo resume y analiza los diferentes esfuerzos organizacionales del gobierno bolivariano de Venezuela de alcanzar una democratización de la propiedad y administración de los medios de producción. Las diferentes iniciativas y medidas adoptadas desde el 2000 – primero reforzar el cooperativismos, luego la creación de Empresas de Producción Social (EPS) y finalmente las Empresas Socialistas, como tambien el conccepto del desarrollo endógeno, orientación normativa de la organización productiva y de los programas estadales de formación laboral, son presentados y analizados con visión crítica. En respecto a la organización interna de lugares de producción se hace un análisis crítico de los modelos de cogestión, autogestión y control obrero mirando los logros y las fallas recurriendo a trabajo de campo hecho en tres fábricas: La fábrica de aluminio Alcasa; la papelera Invepal y la fábrica de válvulas Inveval. PALABRAS-CLAVE: economia solidária; autogestión; Venezuela. ; The essay resumes and analyzes different organizational efforts of the Bolivarian government in Venezuela to achieve a democratization of property and management of means of production. The different aproaches adopted since 2000, first a strenghtening of cooperatives, then the creation of Social production companies (EPS) and finally the Socialist Enterprises aswell as the concept of endogenous development, normative orientation of production organization and state job training are described and critically analized. Regarding the inernal organization of production sites models of Co-management, self-management and workers control are presented and then critically analized concerning successes and failures by resuming field work done about three factories: The Aluminium factory Alcasa, the paper factory Invepal and the valves factory Inveval. KEYWORDS: solidarity economy; self-management; Venezuela.

In the context of inclusive education, this research analyzed a couple's co-teaching practices carried out by adifferential educator and a regular teacher, within the School Integration Program of a municipal school of theV region, Chile. The research conducted corresponds to a case study, based on documentation review (workdeveloped by the couple), observation in the classroom and reflective interviews about their practice. The researchhas been done using content analysis through the constant comparative method. Seven categories have beenidentified, which were organized in three dimensions of analysis: practice, politic and culture, which facilitateunderstanding of this co-teaching experience. Results allow the identification of a "support mode" as the mainapproach of the practices developed by the couple and deduce, within the inclusive perspective, possibilities andbarriers to develop the collaborative work in the schools. ; En esta investigación se analizaron -desde el marco de la educación inclusiva- las prácticas co-docentes deuna dupla del Programa de Integración Escolar, PIE (educadora diferencial y profesora regular) en una escuelamunicipal de la V región, Chile. Se realizó un estudio de caso a partir de la revisión de documentos de trabajo dela dupla, observación directa en aula y entrevistas reflexivas sobre la práctica. El estudio se desarrolló utilizandoanálisis de contenido a través del método de comparación constante. Se identificaron 7 categorías que fueronorganizadas en tres dimensiones de análisis (práctica, política, cultura) las cuales facilitaron la comprensiónde esta experiencia de trabajo co-docente. Los resultados permiten identificar la modalidad de apoyo como elenfoque de práctica predominante de la dupla y deducir, desde un marco inclusivo, barreras y facilitadores para eldesarrollo de un trabajo colaborativo en las escuelas.

In July 1994, we wrote a job, to be dealt with at a seminar at the Torcuato Di Tella Institute (held on 11 July), providing a view on the proposal that was being studied at these times to incorporate into the National Constitution a provision giving constitutional hierarchy to the federal tax co-participation regime (CFI). A very simple model led to the following conclusions: "(III) The results presented. imply a pessimistic response to the current possibility of achieving a balanced situation. Given that the reference situation is Law 23.548, given the current distribution of political power in the National Congress and the simple majority rule, it was not possible. to reach a new Law on CFI that represents a balance. "(iv) On what the Constituent Convention could do with regard to the IFC regime, the answer is that it could only give it constitutional hierarchy to a regime that has been in open crisis for more than 15 years. And this hierarchy will hardly help solve the crisis. If discussed, there does not seem to be a balancing solution. If it were to be 'frozen' in the form provided for in Article 15 of Law 23.548, a defective 'transitional regime' becomes a 'structural data'; the reality will be carried out by means of covenants, agreements or decrees to amend, most probably with doubtful rationality, such 'structural data'. In that case, Argentinian federalism will continue to pass the stage of 'coercive federalism'. More than 13 years have passed since the 1994 Constitution has been sanctioned, and more than 11 years have been in breach of the Sixth Transitional Provision (sanctioning a new law before 31/12/1996). Given the success of our prediction (which we are not happy, but which is useful as an alert for unmeasured constitutional and legal provisions), it seems to us to be useful to replicate the work in the version discussed at that opportunity. Department of Economics ; En julio de 1994 escribimos un trabajo, para ser tratado en un Seminario en el Instituto Torcuato Di Tella (realizado el 11 de ...