Suchergebnisse

The article is devoted to the analysis of vaccination discourses as ways of constructing and transforming social reality. Vaccination is considered, firstly, as a direction of state policy in the social and medical sphere; secondly, as a basis for realizing a legitimizing identity or constructing a resistance identity. Based on M. Castells' concept of identity and the theory of discourse by E. Laclos and C. Mouffe, two discourses are distinguished that coexist in an antagonistic struggle – "for" (support) and "against" (resistance) to vaccination. The state is the main subject of the formation of the discourse for vaccination, constructing a legitimizing identity. The nodal points of this discourse are analyzed in the sphere of the regulatory law, particularly, in the Roadmap for COVID-19 Vaccines. This discourse is constructed on the nodal points of inclusion (being vaccinated means "being included" and having access to certain benefits), trust (in health care system and the vaccines), safety (both on the individual and national levels). The discourse "against" vaccination, which is the basis for the formation of the resistance identity, is characterized by the absence of the main subject of its construction. The channels of its objectification through which the media act becomes more significant than the status of the discourse constructing subjects. The nodal points of this discourse are analyzed in the context of new media – Ukrainian-language publications of the online media in Ukraine – as a space of the "culture of freedom" that creates the basis for the transition from mass communications to mass self-communications. Such discourse is constructed on interconnected nodal points of distrust and unsafety (the formation of scientific and medical doubts, discrediting the quality of vaccines, direct or indirect articulation of the sign of death). This study has recorded the exceptional significance of distrust as a point of catalyzing other nodal points and signs. The construction of discourses of support and resistance to vaccination occurs according to different algorithms: if, in the field of discourse struggle, the articulation of the point of distrust is sufficient for the dominance of the discourse of resistance, then for the discourse of support for vaccination it is necessary to construct various signs and nodal points to reproduce the positions of its dominance. It is obviously that public policy should provide for the meaningful integration of the nodal points of security and trust, as well as the construction of a new nodal point of rallying, which should be articulated not only in the legal framework, but also in the plurality of discourse fields that form the discourse of support for vaccination (speech officials, communications from the responsible authorities and generally within the vaccination information campaign).

In modern conditions, the problem of cohesion of military collectives became particularly relevant. Traditional approaches to the unification of servicemen on the basis of "friendship and fraternity" proved to be ineffective. The events of recent years have shown the existence of fundamental contradictions in the thoughts, views and actions that led to the facts of betrayal and separatist actions. The formulation of a military oath for a certain part of the military and law-enforcement agencies has become a formality.The purpose of the article is to analyze the problem aspects of assessing the unity of military personnel in National Guard of Ukraine military units in accordance with the main areas in which there is interaction between them and the conditions of unification as one of the factors of the morally-psychological state of military personnel and units.The proposed option for assessing the cohesion of military units can be considered as one of the possible tools for periodic use by commanders (without special training) in the short term to obtain sufficiently objective information on changes in one of the essential processes of group dynamics and the existing problems in this area with purpose of timely and adequate response to them.Practical aspects of military men's cohesion evaluation that characterize the fullness, authenticity and the procedure of obtaining information about the concerted action of military men during the duty tour are considered. ; Розглянуто проблемні аспекти оцінювання згуртованості військовослужбовців підрозділу, які характеризують повноту, достовірність та процедуру отримання інформації про міжособистісну взаємодію у процесі служби.

In modern conditions, the problem of cohesion of military collectives became particularly relevant. Traditional approaches to the unification of servicemen on the basis of "friendship and fraternity" proved to be ineffective. The events of recent years have shown the existence of fundamental contradictions in the thoughts, views and actions that led to the facts of betrayal and separatist actions. The formulation of a military oath for a certain part of the military and law-enforcement agencies has become a formality.The purpose of the article is to analyze the problem aspects of assessing the unity of military personnel in National Guard of Ukraine military units in accordance with the main areas in which there is interaction between them and the conditions of unification as one of the factors of the morally-psychological state of military personnel and units.The proposed option for assessing the cohesion of military units can be considered as one of the possible tools for periodic use by commanders (without special training) in the short term to obtain sufficiently objective information on changes in one of the essential processes of group dynamics and the existing problems in this area with purpose of timely and adequate response to them.Practical aspects of military men's cohesion evaluation that characterize the fullness, authenticity and the procedure of obtaining information about the concerted action of military men during the duty tour are considered. ; Розглянуто проблемні аспекти оцінювання згуртованості військовослужбовців підрозділу, які характеризують повноту, достовірність та процедуру отримання інформації про міжособистісну взаємодію у процесі служби.

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the Ukrainian society social cohesion challenges in the pandemic conditions of digitally mediated interactions. Based on the results of qualitative sociological research, as well as a secondary analysis of the results of other sociological studies and statistics data, the author explores the phenomenon of social cohesion in the unity of three social levels of its presence - macro, meso and micro. The study has shown the dialectical nature of social cohesion and the opposite tendencies of its reproduction at different social levels – inner circle, professional communities and society as a whole. In the macro-social perspective, the pandemic has become a «common challenge», intensifying social consolidation at the level of civil society institutions; on the other hand, it has created a new axis of social inequality, deepening local differences and awareness of the different degree of «protection» from crisis conditions. It is concluded that the digitally mediated everyday interactions, characterized by a lack of social actors' co-presence in space and time, contributes to the spread of systemic integration in those social systems for which it was previously uncharacteristic. This, in turn, leads to the «frozen» functioning of social systems. In contemporary digital age, social actors are increasingly beginning to experience «digital loneliness» due to the loss of coexistence in physical time and space and the weakening of binding social capital, making familiar identification patterns less stable and definite. The «shift» of the concentration of interactions from different social circles to the level of the inner circle – the family one sets a double scenario of its reproduction either as a space of cohesive values, the highest level of trust, participation and social security, or as an environment for everyday conflicts. The article emphasizes the urgency of further conceptualization of a new type of capital – digital, which in conditions of systemic integration of social systems «puts into action» the activation of other types of capital.

The article is dedicated to the sociological analysis of social cohesion construction as a category of state policy. Analyzing the content of Ukraine's sustainable development goals until 2030 and the State Strategy for Regional Development for 2021–2027, the author summarizes the need to determine at the level of legal norms the social capital measurement as a component of social cohesion at the societal level.

The paper is dedicated to reviewing the scientific heritage of the classic of French sociology E. Durkheim through the optics of identification of theoretical foundations of the concept of social cohesion. Methodological complexity of the research task is due to the lack of well-formed and clearly defined concept of social cohesion in the scientific heritage of E. Durkheim, reconstruction of theoretical axes of which requires sociological imagination and inductive method using. The author attributes the relevance of this research perspective to the fact that in most foreign studies dedicated to social cohesion phenomenon research there are either limited mentions of E. Durkheim as one of the founders of social cohesion concept or inaccurate interpretations of his views. The paper identifies seven theoretical axes of the concept of social cohesion, presented in the scientific heritage of E. Durkheim - homogeneity / differentiation, value-normative consensus / anomie, lack of interactions / constancy of interactions, mechanical solidarity / organic solidarity, relationship between individual and collective, inclusion / exclusion, integration / disintegration. The author has determined semantic purpose and presence at different social levels for each axis. It is established that some elements of certain theoretical axes are present as components of models of social cohesion empirical operationalization in contemporary foreign studies conducted by J. Chan, R. Berger-Schmitt, J. Jenson. It is summed up heuristics of E. Durkheim's definition of essence of social cohesion as a social process that has a dynamic nature of formation and reproduction, requires avoidance of extreme states of its implementation (overpowering or deficiency) and has an impact on all social levels – macro-, meso- and micro-. Emphasis has been placed on the identification of the classics of French sociology social cohesion practical significance as a social phenomenon that has preventive properties against a wide range of negative social phenomena and processes. This fact, according to the author, makes the concept of social cohesion heuristic not only for scientific discourse but also for contemporary state social policy.

The article analyzes the phenomenon of social solidarity of the diaspora as one of the main directions of development of modern society in the context of challenges related to the problem of COVID-19. The analysis of social principles and genesis of comprehension of the category of social solidarity and cohesion on the materials of social philosophy is carried out. The essence of the main scientific approaches to the study of the concepts of social solidarity and cohesion is determined. Solidarity in work is seen as one of the prerequisites for stability and social order. The modern scientific definition of "social solidarity" in the social sciences means the unity of a group, class, or action that generates unity of interests, goals, standards, and mutual understanding. Solidarity processes by modern foreign and domestic researchers today are associated primarily with such phenomena as cooperation, cohesion, unity, public trust, the presence of common ideas, views and goals. Although social cohesion seems a difficult concept to study, researchers note its extreme importance in detailing the category of solidarity as a wide range of components: mutual assistance, trust, perception of difference, perception of justice, social inclusion, and so on. Since the spread of the COVID-19 virus and disease, people around the world have faced a large-scale emergency and an incomprehensible situation that is new to most modern societies. Therefore, the socio-cultural understanding of the pandemic as a global problem today acquires special significance for the search for the foundations of social cohesion, as a means of reducing tensions and social solidarity of communities. The authors argue that it is social solidarity and cohesion of the diaspora of communities and communities that is an effective means of social counteraction to modern destructive factors and challenges.

Understanding of emotional intelligence and emotional competence for successful individual work not only in the process of their professional development but also in special conditions, including work in military units during military aggression on the territory of Ukraine, was the crucial objective. The importance of emotional intelligence on the psychological compatibility of the unit and the factual existence of such an influence was the topic of our research as it is not examined sufficiently by military experts. We distinguished the category of conscripted personnel and the process of their appointment to new military groups. We also confirm that apart from the process of blending in new communities, the military units were changed in their psychological structure and cooperation, which was also interesting to study. In our work we focused on new paradigm of understanding emotions, based on the theory of emotions construction - we consider it as a radical perspective on what means to be a human, which stands for the newest researches in neurobiology area. Therefore the theory of emotions construction forms the connection of all three directions. It borrowed the idea of cultural influence and perceptions importance from social construction. It also took the postulate, that emotions are constructed by the main brain and body systems from psychological construction and the conclusion that the experience forms the brain links from neuroconstruction. We also highlighted the perspectives on the emotional intelligence of famous psychologists. Reuven Bar-On is an Israeli psychologist and one of the leading innovators, theorists and researchers in the concept of emotional intelligence. The notion of emotional capability was concerned in a book "Emotional Leadership: The Art of Managing People Based on Emotional Intelligence" on the co-authorship of D. Goulman with Richard Boyacis and Annie Mackey. The concept of emotional competence was suggested by David McClelland, a psychologist at Harvard University.Several obstacles that the military experts faced while working with military personnel have been identified. In order to study the level of servicemen's development of emotional intelligence a Hall test was conducted to diagnose the emotional intelligence. The rapid assessment methodologies presented by S. Mikhalyuk and A. Shalit. were carried out for the study of the socio-psychological climate. The results are not encouraging, but they represent the real state of affairs and the need to address and solve the identified problems. ; В ходе исследования процесса вхождения военнослужащих срочной службы в коллективы воинских подразделений выявлено, что большинство исследуемых военнослужащих характеризуются низким и средним уровнями развития всех факторов эмоционального интеллекта, что является свидетельством сложной ситуации для данной категории военнослужащих, наличием трудностей и препятствий в процессе вхождения их к новому коллективу. Выявлено, что существует прямая связь между всеми показателями эмоционального интеллекта и аффективной приверженностью военнослужащих в подразделении. ; Стаття присвячена вивченню ініціації військовослужбовців строкової служби до військових колективів сучасних Збройних сил України та зв'язок емоційного інтелекту солдат з психологічною сумісністю у військовому підрозділі.У ході дослідження процесу входження військовослужбовців строкової служби до колективів військових підрозділів виявлено, що більшість досліджуваних військовослужбовців характеризуються низьким та середнім рівнями розвитку всіх факторів емоційного інтелекту, що є свідченням складної ситуації для даної категорії військовослужбовців, наявністю труднощів та перешкод у процесі входження їх до нового колективу. Виявлено, що існує прямий зв'язок між всіма показниками емоційного інтелекту та афективною прихильністю військовослужбовців до підрозділу. Тобто, чим краще розвинений емоційний інтелект, тим більшою є емоційна прив'язаність до колективу, тим більше людина ідентифікує себе з організацією.

Understanding of emotional intelligence and emotional competence for successful individual work not only in the process of their professional development but also in special conditions, including work in military units during military aggression on the territory of Ukraine, was the crucial objective. The importance of emotional intelligence on the psychological compatibility of the unit and the factual existence of such an influence was the topic of our research as it is not examined sufficiently by military experts. We distinguished the category of conscripted personnel and the process of their appointment to new military groups. We also confirm that apart from the process of blending in new communities, the military units were changed in their psychological structure and cooperation, which was also interesting to study. In our work we focused on new paradigm of understanding emotions, based on the theory of emotions construction - we consider it as a radical perspective on what means to be a human, which stands for the newest researches in neurobiology area. Therefore the theory of emotions construction forms the connection of all three directions. It borrowed the idea of cultural influence and perceptions importance from social construction. It also took the postulate, that emotions are constructed by the main brain and body systems from psychological construction and the conclusion that the experience forms the brain links from neuroconstruction. We also highlighted the perspectives on the emotional intelligence of famous psychologists. Reuven Bar-On is an Israeli psychologist and one of the leading innovators, theorists and researchers in the concept of emotional intelligence. The notion of emotional capability was concerned in a book "Emotional Leadership: The Art of Managing People Based on Emotional Intelligence" on the co-authorship of D. Goulman with Richard Boyacis and Annie Mackey. The concept of emotional competence was suggested by David McClelland, a psychologist at Harvard University.Several obstacles that the military experts faced while working with military personnel have been identified. In order to study the level of servicemen's development of emotional intelligence a Hall test was conducted to diagnose the emotional intelligence. The rapid assessment methodologies presented by S. Mikhalyuk and A. Shalit. were carried out for the study of the socio-psychological climate. The results are not encouraging, but they represent the real state of affairs and the need to address and solve the identified problems. ; В ходе исследования процесса вхождения военнослужащих срочной службы в коллективы воинских подразделений выявлено, что большинство исследуемых военнослужащих характеризуются низким и средним уровнями развития всех факторов эмоционального интеллекта, что является свидетельством сложной ситуации для данной категории военнослужащих, наличием трудностей и препятствий в процессе вхождения их к новому коллективу. Выявлено, что существует прямая связь между всеми показателями эмоционального интеллекта и аффективной приверженностью военнослужащих в подразделении. ; Стаття присвячена вивченню ініціації військовослужбовців строкової служби до військових колективів сучасних Збройних сил України та зв'язок емоційного інтелекту солдат з психологічною сумісністю у військовому підрозділі.У ході дослідження процесу входження військовослужбовців строкової служби до колективів військових підрозділів виявлено, що більшість досліджуваних військовослужбовців характеризуються низьким та середнім рівнями розвитку всіх факторів емоційного інтелекту, що є свідченням складної ситуації для даної категорії військовослужбовців, наявністю труднощів та перешкод у процесі входження їх до нового колективу. Виявлено, що існує прямий зв'язок між всіма показниками емоційного інтелекту та афективною прихильністю військовослужбовців до підрозділу. Тобто, чим краще розвинений емоційний інтелект, тим більшою є емоційна прив'язаність до колективу, тим більше людина ідентифікує себе з організацією.

The article is dedicated to the sociological analysis of social cohesion construction as a category of state policy. Analyzing the content of Ukraine's sustainable development goals until 2030 and the State Strategy for Regional Development for 2021-2027, the author summarizes the need to determine at the level of legal norms the social capital measurement as a component of social cohesion at the societal level. ; Статья посвящена осуществлению социологического анализа конструирования социальной сплоченности как категории государственной политики. Анализируя содержание целей устойчивого развития Украины до 2030 года и Государственной стратегии регионального развития на 2021 - 2027 гг., автор делает вывод о необходимости закрепления на уровне правовых норм измерения социального капитала как компонента социальной сплоченности на социетальном уровне. ; Стаття присвячена здійсненню соціологічного аналізу конструювання соціальної згуртованості як категорії державної політики. Аналізуючи зміст цілей сталого розвитку України до 2030 року та Державної стратегії регіонального розвитку на 2021 – 2027 роки, автор підсумовує про необхідність визначення на рівні правових норм виміру соціального капіталу як компонента соціальної згуртованості на соцієтальному рівні.

The article is dedicated to the sociological analysis of social cohesion construction as a category of state policy. Analyzing the content of Ukraine's sustainable development goals until 2030 and the State Strategy for Regional Development for 2021-2027, the author summarizes the need to determine at the level of legal norms the social capital measurement as a component of social cohesion at the societal level. ; Статья посвящена осуществлению социологического анализа конструирования социальной сплоченности как категории государственной политики. Анализируя содержание целей устойчивого развития Украины до 2030 года и Государственной стратегии регионального развития на 2021 - 2027 гг., автор делает вывод о необходимости закрепления на уровне правовых норм измерения социального капитала как компонента социальной сплоченности на социетальном уровне. ; Стаття присвячена здійсненню соціологічного аналізу конструювання соціальної згуртованості як категорії державної політики. Аналізуючи зміст цілей сталого розвитку України до 2030 року та Державної стратегії регіонального розвитку на 2021 – 2027 роки, автор підсумовує про необхідність визначення на рівні правових норм виміру соціального капіталу як компонента соціальної згуртованості на соцієтальному рівні.

The article considers the concept of cohesion local communities in conditions transfer of considerable authority from the state bodies to the local self-governments.On the whole, identify the main problems that arise in cohesion policy the territories of the united communities. The inclusive approach to the providing cohesion local communities is analyzed. The goal of this Article - identification of social, economic and political factors of cohesion local communities in the border regions of the Western Ukraine.To achieve this goal transdisciplinary approach was used. It was to identify new relationships between social, political and economic phenomena that affect the level of community cohesion. The results of the study is highlighted and characterized means of increasing community cohesion: - Firstly, inclusive policy that promotes equal opportunities for participation in the governance and resolution of local problems (especially in the multi-ethnic territories), unhindered economic activity and clear legal guarantees. - Secondly, enhancing the development of communities and the region which based on their competitive advantages.Amendments to the legal acts and a list of practical steps of the authorities and local self-government bodies to achieve a sufficient level of community cohesion have been proposed.The theoretical significance of the article is to identify potential legal, organizational and economic steps to unlock the potential and enhance the economic growth of border (including mountain) territories as a means of cohesion local communities.Among the promising areas for further research within this range of issues, it is important to single out:- the drivers of interregional cooperation;- social, economic and political factors of cohesion local communities in the border regions of Eastern and Southern Ukraine (Donbass, Region on the northern Black Sea coast, Kharkiv etc.)- a actual question of research may be to examine methods of community cohesion in emergencies of epidemics and quarantine (based on the experience of countering COVID-19). ; Научная статья посвящена исследованию понятия сплоченности местных общин в условиях передачи больших полномочий от государственных органов местным самоуправляемым единицам. Целью публикации является выявление социально-экономических и социально-политических факторов сплоченности местных общин в приграничных регионах Западной Украины. Представлена классификация методов повышения сплоченности общин путем, во-первых, создание равных возможностей участия в процессе управления и решения местных проблем, во-вторых, активизации экономического развития и усиления конкурентоспособности общин и региона на основе имеющихся конкурентных преимуществ. Выделены направления и механизмы реализации инклюзивной политики на местах и определение драйверов экономического роста приграничных (включая горных) территорий как факторов сплочения местных общин. ; Наукова стаття присвячена дослідженню поняття згуртованості місцевих громад в умовах передачі значних повноважень від державних органів місцевим самоврядним одиницям. Метою публікації є виявлення соціально-економічних та соціально-політичних факторів згуртованості місцевих громад у прикордонних регіонах Західної України. Представлено класифікацію методів підвищення згуртованості громад шляхом, по-перше, створення рівних можливостей участі в процесі управління та вирішення місцевих проблем, по-друге, активізації економічного розвитку та посилення конкурентоспроможності громад та регіону на основі наявних конкурентних переваг. Виокремлено напрямки та засоби реалізації інклюзивної політики на місцях та визначення драйверів економічного зростання прикордонних (включно гірських) територій як чинників згуртування місцевих громад.

У статті представлено авторські роздуми щодо питання згуртованості, які розглянуто в методології соціального партнерства. Проаналізовано особливості проявів соціальної згуртованості в оффлайн і онлайн. Передумовою вибухового прояву технологій згуртованості стала, передусім, світова пандемія, яка перенесла більшість соціальних інтереакцій у віртуальний простір. Стаття продовжує серію публікацій щодо сучасних технологій диджиталізації у віртуальному просторі за допомогою мобільних месенджерів та соціальних мереж. У роботі констатовано, що сучасна теорія соціальної згуртованості базується на ідеях О. Ярської-Смирнової та В. Ярського, які визначають її як системні зусилля основних акторів, що спрямовані та ресурсно забезпечують добробут населення і соціальну інтеграцію за допомогою інституційної бази, у тому числі установ і організацій, які проводять цю політику на практиці. Між тим із праксиологічних позицій дослідження соціальної згуртованості дають змогу оцінювати її як намір або колективну дію, яку здійснює особистість або співтовариство, які здатні до досягнення як внутрішньої згоди, кооперації і консенсусу, так і вибудовування партнерства у соціальному середовищі, в якому вони діють. У вітчизняних умовах велику популярність отримала ідея соціального партнерства, яка тлумачиться як корпоративізм. Як визначається у статті, метою соціального партнерства виступає спільне вирішення соціально значущих проблем шляхом налагодження конструктивної співпраці між державними, владними структурами, бізнесом і некомерційними організаціями. Між тим сьогодні, під час поширення пандемії, ідеї та практика соціального партнерства, а з ними й згуртованість переходять із взаємодії у реальному світі у віртуальний. При цьому віртуальний простір дає змогу особистості відчувати себе не одинокою в складні часи. Між тим міжособистісна інтеракція під час пандемії сконцентрувалася у соціальних мережах. Глобальна пандемія стимулювала появу нової соціальної мережі Clubhouse, яка з'явилася у квітні 2020 р. та серед призначень якої виступають пошук і створення співтовариств партнерів для живого спілкування за інтересами. ; The article presents the author's reflections on the issue of cohesion, which are considered in the methodology of social partnership. The article analyzes the features of manifestations of social cohesion offline and online. The precondition for the explosive manifestation of cohesion technologies was, first of all, the global pandemic, which transferred most of the social interactions to cyberspace. The article continues a series of publications on modern technologies of digitalization in cyberspace using mobile messengers and social networks. The paper states that the modern theory of social cohesion is based on the ideas of O. Yarskaya-Smirnova and V. Yarsky, who define it as a systemic effort of key actors to direct and resource the welfare of the population and social integration through the institutional framework, including institutions. and organizations that implement this policy in practice. Meanwhile, from a praxiological point of view, the study of social cohesion allows us to assess it as an intention or collective action carried out by individuals or their communities, which are able to achieve internal agreement, cooperation and consensus and build partnerships in the social environment in which they operate. In the domestic context, the idea of social partnership, which is interpreted as corporatism, has become very popular. As defined in the article, the purpose of social partnership is a joint solution of socially significant problems by establishing constructive cooperation between government, government agencies, business and non-profit organizations. Meanwhile, today, as the pandemic spreads, the ideas and practices of social partnership, and with them cohesion, are shifting from real-world to virtual interaction. At the same time, virtual space allows a person to feel not alone in difficult times. Meanwhile, interpersonal interaction during the pandemic was concentrated in social networks. The global pandemic has prompted the emergence of the new Clubhouse social network, which emerged in April 2020 and whose purpose is to find and create partner communities for live communication of interest.

A limitation in financial resources of enterprises to increase financial incentives, in particular real wages of employees, led to paying more attention to the non-material part of motivation. Since the motives and incentives of group motivation have not been studied sufficiently, while the approaches used for individual motivation of employees, are not always applicable for the motivation of a group, the subject of present study is relevant. The goal of present work is to characterize non-material component of labor group motivation, motivational types of workers and to define possible intangible incentives specific to motivate a group to achieve its goal. Labor motivation should be considered as a system of components that represent a set of motives of internal and external origin, stimulating drivers that induce a labor collective to work actively towards achieving both personal and enterprise goals. Highly motivated employees are interested employees and, therefore, when reaching common goals of the enterprise, they satisfy their personal needs and consciously choose a certain type of conduct. We characterized the underlying motives (needs), which encourage employees to work. It is emphasized that the motives that define human behavior in the process of work are in plenty, but it is run by only a few of them, one of which necessarily prevails. A selection of team members with regard to differences in motives provides for the prerequisites for success. We assumed that under critical conditions, motivational needs of both individual employees and groups are mostly related to the expectation of financial remuneration for the work done. Under limited financial resources, it is expedient to use intangible incentives. When choosing them, manager should take into account the fact that in order to improve results of the work, employees must be in an environment that meets their basic emotional state. The integral components of such a "healthy" environment are proper subordination, corporate etiquette, microclimate in the team, presence of an experienced manager. Motivational impact on both the individual worker and the group as a whole is realized taking into consideration the differences in needs, character features, working behavior, status, qualifications, experience, and worldview. Present article characterized motivational types of workers by these criteria and assessed their ability to work in a group by a scale of "low capability - high capability". It was concluded that for the effective motivation of work of the group during team formation, preference should be given to people who can handle household work, who, along with those of the instrumental type, meet the requirements of effective work to a large degree. Recommendations are given on using motivational incentives in the context of the "application of incentives - forming the conditions". Scientific novelty of present research is the identification of motivational type of employee most inclined to work in group by comparing their needs and incentives. Results of the study might be used to create real conditions at an enterprise to build up group labor motivation and to engage each employee for increasing labor productivity. Promising directions for further research is the assessment of effectiveness of particular proposed motivational incentives to increase effectiveness of group work in different spheres of activity.

The article investigates the problems and prospects of spatial expansion of the functions of transport infrastructure of the European Union, analyzes the evolution of the transport policy of the regional group for the last decades. It has been shown that, unlike previous phases, the latest intensive EU enlargement is aimed at achieving integrated spatial and transport development, which will increase the mobility of labor resources, goods and services in the region. It is noted that European transport corridors have long been helping to form the basis of the territorial cohesion of the EU states. ; У статті досліджуються проблеми і перспективи просторового розширення функцій транспортної інфраструктури Європейського Союзу, аналізується еволюція транспортної політики регіонального угруповання за останні десятиріччя. Показано, що на відміну від попередніх етапів, останнє інтенсивне розширення ЄС спрямоване на досягнення інтегрованого просторового та транспортного розвитку, що дозволить посилити мобільність трудових ресурсів, товарів і послуг у регіоні. Зазначено, що європейські транспортні коридори давно сприяють становленню основи територіальної згуртованості держав ЄС.