Suchergebnisse

The study's purpose is to critically analyse approaches to international communi- cation in the global environment and clarify the specifics of processes that char- acterize the asymmetry of foreign-policy communication because the contem- porary communication tools allow forming both a positive perception of foreign policy initiatives and a negative attitude of politicians or the world community toward foreign-policy actions. As a result, the research focuses on studying the transformation of the EU foreign-policy communication tools; analysing the practice of foreign-policy communications of Germany and Ukraine; detecting the impact of destructive communications on the image of the EU, Germany, and Ukraine in the international information space. The main conclusions of the research are such statements: the aggravation of Ukrainian-Russian relations has demonstrated an imbalance in the existing for- eign-policy orientations; the EU leaders rethought the political impact of supra- national formation on the contemporary system of international relations; Germany's practice in foreign-policy communication concerns the preservation of the position as a world leader that is able to influence the solution of complex international political and security issues.

The present paper concerns the research related to solo life during the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting quarantine restrictions in different countries around the world. The definition of the concept of "solo life" is given, and the corresponding phenomenon is analyzed. Taking into account the existing publications about solo living in a pandemic, the main problems that its representatives may face are highlighted, namely: problems of social well-being, problems of perception and compliance with quarantine restrictions, problems of employment and labor relations, physical isolation and problems of finding romantic relationships. The ways to overcome these problems are considered, in particular, such as creating "bubbles" of communication, intensifying communication with relatives, friends, and colleagues. The most appropriate research methods for the specified social group are determined. It is concluded that there is a need for a comprehensive study of solo living using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Such limitations of using the data of the analysis carried out as insufficient development of the categorical apparatus, which causes difficulties in comparing the results of various studies, are outlined; focus on the problems of women who adhere to the solo lifestyle; differences in the implementation of quarantine measures in different countries and monitoring their compliance. Despite the fact that most of the countries where the analyzed studies were conducted are socially and economically more developed than Ukraine, it is proved that in our country some of the listed problems may be deeper: new difficulties may arise due to the situation in the post-Soviet space. The range of issues that update the study of solo living in Ukraine during the pandemic is determined, namely: the problems of single elderly people; the economic situation of people living solo; the ineffectiveness of social policies aimed at supporting solo individuals. It is concluded that the main issue in the study of solo living in Ukraine is the determination of its socio-cultural specifics.

The purpose of the article is to analyse the peculiarities of the use of public administration instruments for the acquisition of the status of qualified electronic trust services providers by private individuals, as well as to identify the shortcomings of these instruments application by public administration bodies. The author aims to develop proposals for bringing relative administrative procedures in accordance with the acquis communautaire.

The author applies methods and techniques of logic. Thus, the method of analysis is used to identify those tools that are used specifically in the legal relationship for providing electronic trust services. The author also uses the comparative legal method to analyse the foreign experience of using public administration tools during administrative procedures for obtaining the right to provide trust services.

The results of the study gives a possibility to outline the system of public administration tools used in the area of the acquisition by legal entities the right to provide the qualified electronic trusted services. Among such tools, the author identifies administrative acts, administrative contracts and acts of commission. It has also been established that the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and the National Bank of Ukraine as the national regulatory bodies in this sphere are entitled to make decisions on the registration of a person in the Trustee list. Whereas certain technical powers in this administrative procedure are assigned to the State Service for Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine.

The author comes to a conclusion that the system of public administration institutions in the area of providing trust services in Ukraine doesn't comply with the principles of constructing a system of such entities in the European Union. The author proposes to implement institutional and functional reforms through depriving the Ministry Justice of Ukraine and the National Bank of Ukraine of their regulatory powers for the adoption of administrative acts aimed at the execution of a private person's right to provide electronic trust services and delegating these powers exclusively to the State Special Communications Service of Ukraine.

Since the great historical event - the proclamation of the Act of Independence of Ukraine, the country has been expanding international cooperation in librarianship. The main areas of international cooperation, which is a priority in research institutions in the library business, are: conducting joint research; organization of international conferences, symposia, congresses and other events. Scientific conferences are one of the forms of dissemination of new information. In the modern information space, scientific institutions play an essential role in developing science, education and culture. Therefore, when evaluating a scientific institution, the number of international scientific and practical seminars, conferences, other events organized by the scientific institution, and materials (including collections of abstracts) of conferences are considered.Among the research institutions of Ukraine, which study the problems of library science, bibliography, bibliology, source studies, document science, archival science, biography, codicology and discography, history of book culture, computer science, social communications, the leading position is held by the most extensive library of Ukraine - the National Library of Ukraine, named after V. I. Vernadsky. Furthermore, the article analyzes the specifics of the organization of scientific conferences in a scientific institution, studies the directions and thematic content of such events, forms of conduct, their frequency during 1991-2021.

The article analyzes the relevance, factors and prospects of the transformation of modern sociological science. It is noted that digital technologies significantly change the fundamental foundations of social interaction, most everyday social practices, structures and conflicts. This poses a number of serious challenges to sociology as a science. It is emphasized that it is time to think deeply not only about the problem of transformation of what sociology studies, but also about the transformation of sociology itself as a specific intellectual practice. Attention is focused on the need for sociological analysis and interpretation of large-scale and long-term social processes, changes in the traditional way of sociology's participation in the formation of state social policy and the implementation of social reforms. Endogenous factors hindering the leadership of sociological science in the modern public intellectual discourse are identified, namely: fragmentation of sociology, its division into a huge number of directions, particular, local thematizations; lack of research attention of sociologists to the fundamental problems of social life; modern sociology does not form an agenda for public intellectual discourse and scientific research, does not define the problematic field of research and interpretation both at the microsocial level and at the level of societal and global phenomena; it is not socially engaged, does not engage in dialogic interaction with various groups of the public, does not help them to realize their values, interests and problems, to fight for their solution; sociologists do not show activity in related research areas (for example, such as social communications, public relations, advertising, marketing, political consulting, conflict studies), do not use for this a rich arsenal of sociological theoretical concepts, quantitative and qualitative methods; despite the mediatization of social life, sociology is not sufficiently media-based, it is extremely weakly present in the media space. A conclusion is formulated about the need to transform sociological thinking and sociological imagination, the need for serious changes in the educational programs of professional training of students, in particular their practical component, the search for new formats of professional communication.

The article is devoted to determining the place of the right to information in the system of communicative freedoms, specifying the scope of constitutional protection and clarifying the criteria for its restriction. During the research a wide range of general scientific and special-legal methods of scientific knowledge was used, in particular: logical, historical, comparative-legal and system-structural methods of research. The analysis of domestic and German legal literature on the right to information was important for achieving the goal of the study. The study of the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany devoted to the interpretation of this fundamental human right was of particular cognitive importance. As a result of the study, the author states that the right to information belongs to the system of communicative freedoms. As a separate communicative freedom, it actively interacts with other freedoms, such as freedom of expression, freedom of the press, freedom of cinema, and so on. At the same time, the right to information is subordinated to the general goal of communicative freedoms – to be an instrument of communication of an individual with society, a real opportunity to express and convey his views, beliefs and opinions to other individuals. The right to information protects access to public information not by a particular group of individuals, but by the corresponding right of each individual. In addition, this right should not be construed as a right to restrict access to certain information. Given this, the scope of protection of the right to information is to protect the right of everyone to access information that is in publicly available sources of information. Such information is the source for forming the views and beliefs of individuals. The appropriate approach should be reflected in the following interpretative acts of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the interpretation of the right to information. This fundamental human right may be restricted. However, such interference in the exercise of this right of individuals should not turn into its complete leveling, turning it into fiction. Therefore, along with the purely normative grounds for restricting the right to information, additional criteria are defined according to which each individual case of restriction of this right of individuals must be assessed. Keywords: information, communication freedom, human rights, sphere of protection, restriction of human rights

The article is devoted to understanding the specifics of the social mission and the state of legal consolidation of the administrative legal personality of councilors in public authorities and local governments. It is emphasized that the problem of selection of candidates for the positions of advisers to the heads of public authorities is the subject of lively discussion, as a rather controversial collective image of the adviser has formed in the public consciousness. This is due to his belonging to officials who hold a particularly responsible position and perform official duties in the presence of a high level of corruption risks. It is established that the commitment of candidates for advisers is carried out in the context of providing scientific support for the formation and implementation of public policy, implementation of best management practices, finding optimal management and legal algorithms for resolving conflicts, improving the quality of management decisions. The urgent need to improve the domestic service legislation by adopting a special law on patronage service in order to unify the legal framework for the organization and operation of patronage services. First of all, it is necessary to normatively enshrine the right of specific public authorities to establish a patronage service, to provide an exhaustive list of patronage service positions for each of these bodies, to provide the right of equal access to patronage service, to introduce a single mechanism for selection and appointment of patronage service employees. professional achievements and personal business qualities, to differentiate their powers depending on the specifics of public authority of individual officials, which create patronage services. There is also a need to specify the functions, main tasks and powers of advisers to heads of public authorities, articulation of basic qualification requirements for candidates for advisers, clear definition of legal bases of interaction of advisers with career civil servants and communication with civil society institutions, articulation of moral and ethical imperatives. official activity of advisers. Keywords: public service, patronage service, adviser in state authorities and local self-government bodies, staff adviser, advisor on a voluntary basis.

The issue of safety culture is one of the most important in a modern medical facility because any problems during the provision of services may lead to irreversible consequences. Not only the patient may suffer, but the doctor who assisted. Unfortunately, very little attention to this issue is paid in Ukraine. Based on this, we can say that the topic is relevant and requires studying. The purpose of writing this article is the analysis of the ways of forming professional safety culture in clinical medicine. The methods by which we carried out scientific research are observation, analysis, evaluation, comparison, generalization. The work examined interpretation of the term "safety culture", types of innovation in which it belongs and the main methods of its creation in the medical field. Safety culture in the medical field involves the right of all health care workers to use measures to prevent actions that can harm a patient or a colleague. Different approaches were considered in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" and we proposed our own: safety culture is a system of values, objectives, knowledge and skills, rules and procedures, convictions shared by representatives of a certain medical profession and supported by patients, creating a favourable working climate, atmosphere of trust and becoming an efficient tool for achieving the goals of the organization. The main components of the safety culture were defined: responsibilities of managers, communication, performance, resources of safety, trust, the degree of job satisfaction, etc. Based on several studies, it was found that no country has a perfect medical system. Every system should be improved. We proposed measures to fix the situation with the safety culture in health care facilities. The correct management of safety can eliminate or fix many medical errors. That is why the need for a clear program of implementation, execution and control of SC in the medical establishment is necessary. Scientific novelty of this work lies in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" at medical institutions and in determining major steps towards its creation. Practical value of the work is the opportunity to implement these steps in medical institutions for improvement of the safety culture and, therefore, to reduce the risk of bad accidents during treatment. Further research can address safety culture management in medical institutions on the examples from the experience of countries with effective systems of health care.

n transit of the identity of Ukrainian participants in hostilities in the area of anti-terrorist operation/ united forces operation. Emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of transit and the factors influencing its karakter, given the analytical categories of phenomenological constructivism of P. Berger and T. Lukman, as well as the theory of A. Schutz. Particular attention is paid to the sociological conceptualization of the phenomenon of military identity of ATO / UFO participants. The content of the concepts "post-military identity transit" and "military identity" and the ratio of the respective phenomena are analyzed.
Based on the analysis and rethinking of the ideas of A. Schutz, P. Berger and T. Lukman, as well as the identification of key factors and actors influencing the post-military identity transit of ATO / OOS participants, the phenomena of military identity and military-to-civilian transit of identity are conceptualized.
It is emphasized that the military identity is constructed in the process of communication between the participants of the interaction. It is noted that specific practices acquired as a result of participation in hostilities appear in the life of the ATO / OOS participant as hidden knowledge that is reproduced outside the military environment and becomes an effective way of constructing reality.
Such groups of ATO / OOS participants as citizens who have chosen military service as a profession have been singled out; mobilized to the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) or the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) (6 waves of mobilization during 2014-2015); as well as volunteers who participated in battalions and other armed formations that are not part of the active army of Ukraine. The thesis is that military-to-civilian transit of the identity of the representatives of these groups will differ due to different experience of recruitment to the Armed Forces or other armed formations of Ukraine, differences in the conditions of stay in the combat area and so on.
The key factors influencing the post-military transit of the identity of combatants, constructing and reconstructing the military identity, namely: contrast of everyday life in the war zone and everyday life of peace, return to comfort, superior attitude of ATO / OOS participants to civilians, orientations, differences in perceptions of conflict, family and military fraternity. It is emphasized that the theoretical provisions, generalizations and conclusions presented in the paper, as well as the author's hypotheses can be used in further scientific and practical studies of this and related topics, as well as for developing state programs of social integration of combatants into peaceful life