Suchergebnisse

Some of the most important social and economic objectives, especially within the context of the aftermath of the recent financial crisis in the European Union and Lithuania, are the expansion of popular interest and engagement in scientific and technological developments, closer cooperation between science and business and augmentation of prestige of scientific and research based professions. Scientific communication is a very important tool, one that allows to achieve the aforementioned objectives. This is illustrated by the fact that countries leading in innovation have clear official policies of scientific communication and the society is heavily involved in shaping them. Conversely, countries that lag in innovative activity do not generally have an official policy of scientific communication. Scientific communication, as a phenomenon and a tool, is being researched and discussed within the academic and political discourse, but there is a certain subjectivity in Lithuanian scientific communication policy. The target audience of youth is one of the most important audiences and actions aimed at increasing its interest in scientific endeavours and scientific and research based professions would result in the increase in the number of scientists and researchers, which is one of the most important strategic aims of the European Union. The aim of this study – to analyse the demand and possibilities of scientific communication in professional schools.

The article seeks to demonstrate the changes in the conception of relations between science and politics in the 20 th century German tradition of social philosophy. This tradition encompasses Max Weber, Karl Mannheim, Frankfurt School and Jürgen Habermas. The analysis of their works revealed that Weber's neutral attitude towards the political role of science had experienced couple of transformations. First, Weber's idea of science as a political instrument was radicalized in Mannheim's sociology of knowledge. In the latter science as an institution is conceived much more positively because it can replace politics by controllable administration. Second, Frankfurt School denies the mannheimian optimism stressing the negative consequences of that substitution: scientific rationalism invades social and political life at the same time ignoring qualitative aspects that are so important in political field. And, finally, trying to breakthrough the one-sided negativism of elder colleagues in Frankfurt School, Habermas restores weberian attitude towards instrumental character of science. In order to elude the dominance of science two steps are of crucial importance: repoliticization of public sphere and removing restrictions on communication.

The article seeks to demonstrate the changes in the conception of relations between science and politics in the 20 th century German tradition of social philosophy. This tradition encompasses Max Weber, Karl Mannheim, Frankfurt School and Jürgen Habermas. The analysis of their works revealed that Weber's neutral attitude towards the political role of science had experienced couple of transformations. First, Weber's idea of science as a political instrument was radicalized in Mannheim's sociology of knowledge. In the latter science as an institution is conceived much more positively because it can replace politics by controllable administration. Second, Frankfurt School denies the mannheimian optimism stressing the negative consequences of that substitution: scientific rationalism invades social and political life at the same time ignoring qualitative aspects that are so important in political field. And, finally, trying to breakthrough the one-sided negativism of elder colleagues in Frankfurt School, Habermas restores weberian attitude towards instrumental character of science. In order to elude the dominance of science two steps are of crucial importance: repoliticization of public sphere and removing restrictions on communication.

The article seeks to demonstrate the changes in the conception of relations between science and politics in the 20 th century German tradition of social philosophy. This tradition encompasses Max Weber, Karl Mannheim, Frankfurt School and Jürgen Habermas. The analysis of their works revealed that Weber's neutral attitude towards the political role of science had experienced couple of transformations. First, Weber's idea of science as a political instrument was radicalized in Mannheim's sociology of knowledge. In the latter science as an institution is conceived much more positively because it can replace politics by controllable administration. Second, Frankfurt School denies the mannheimian optimism stressing the negative consequences of that substitution: scientific rationalism invades social and political life at the same time ignoring qualitative aspects that are so important in political field. And, finally, trying to breakthrough the one-sided negativism of elder colleagues in Frankfurt School, Habermas restores weberian attitude towards instrumental character of science. In order to elude the dominance of science two steps are of crucial importance: repoliticization of public sphere and removing restrictions on communication.

The article seeks to demonstrate the changes in the conception of relations between science and politics in the 20 th century German tradition of social philosophy. This tradition encompasses Max Weber, Karl Mannheim, Frankfurt School and Jürgen Habermas. The analysis of their works revealed that Weber's neutral attitude towards the political role of science had experienced couple of transformations. First, Weber's idea of science as a political instrument was radicalized in Mannheim's sociology of knowledge. In the latter science as an institution is conceived much more positively because it can replace politics by controllable administration. Second, Frankfurt School denies the mannheimian optimism stressing the negative consequences of that substitution: scientific rationalism invades social and political life at the same time ignoring qualitative aspects that are so important in political field. And, finally, trying to breakthrough the one-sided negativism of elder colleagues in Frankfurt School, Habermas restores weberian attitude towards instrumental character of science. In order to elude the dominance of science two steps are of crucial importance: repoliticization of public sphere and removing restrictions on communication.

Communication with media is very important in nowadays world: if media doesn't inform about activities of organizations or institutions we can say that there is no media. NGO organizations, business companies, state institutions communicate with media in different forms (press conferences, statements to the press). Literature sources state that communication with media is one of the braches of science. One of the main principals of the communication with media is good communication and one of the functions is to inform. Media can be used as means of forming image (both negative and positive). The paper presents connections between image specialists and journalists, because these two professions have a lot in common and often get mixed up. The paper also describes the understanding of communication on Government, public and local authority level. The objective of this work is to analyze how communication with media is maintained in Lithuanian municipalities. To achieve the objective we have these goals: 1) according to theoretic literature to find out what is media, define its concept, compare communication with media in state and NGO, to describe differences and similarities between media and public communication; 2 )to carry out a survey on the Internet and find out in how communication with media specialists in municipalities communicate with media, what are the functions and activities of these specialists; 3) after a structural interview make a conclusion if local authorities have to communicate with media and what ways of communication are effective; 4) connecting analysis of theoretical literature and qualitative / quantitative research draw a conclusion and give recommendations what communication with media should be done in municipalities. The work gives analysis, synthesis and comparison of scientific literature; comparison and induction methods were used. In order to analyze a case if communication with media is used in Lithuanian municipalities a combination of two methods was used: method of probability selection; quantitative research on the Internet survey and qualitative research carrying out an expert interview. The research showed that communication with media is considered as the whole of some means which help to convey the information to public. Lithuanian institutions communicate with media and in some municipalities this communication is a priority. Municipalities mostly send statements to the press, organize press conferences. Specialists responsible for communication with media or a person delegated by the Director of Administration make statements to the press. It became clear after the expert interview that municipalities have to communicate with media; the situation, the size of the municipality, the importance of the news help to choose the way of communication.

Communication with media is very important in nowadays world: if media doesn't inform about activities of organizations or institutions we can say that there is no media. NGO organizations, business companies, state institutions communicate with media in different forms (press conferences, statements to the press). Literature sources state that communication with media is one of the braches of science. One of the main principals of the communication with media is good communication and one of the functions is to inform. Media can be used as means of forming image (both negative and positive). The paper presents connections between image specialists and journalists, because these two professions have a lot in common and often get mixed up. The paper also describes the understanding of communication on Government, public and local authority level. The objective of this work is to analyze how communication with media is maintained in Lithuanian municipalities. To achieve the objective we have these goals: 1) according to theoretic literature to find out what is media, define its concept, compare communication with media in state and NGO, to describe differences and similarities between media and public communication; 2 )to carry out a survey on the Internet and find out in how communication with media specialists in municipalities communicate with media, what are the functions and activities of these specialists; 3) after a structural interview make a conclusion if local authorities have to communicate with media and what ways of communication are effective; 4) connecting analysis of theoretical literature and qualitative / quantitative research draw a conclusion and give recommendations what communication with media should be done in municipalities. The work gives analysis, synthesis and comparison of scientific literature; comparison and induction methods were used. In order to analyze a case if communication with media is used in Lithuanian municipalities a combination of two methods was used: method of probability selection; quantitative research on the Internet survey and qualitative research carrying out an expert interview. The research showed that communication with media is considered as the whole of some means which help to convey the information to public. Lithuanian institutions communicate with media and in some municipalities this communication is a priority. Municipalities mostly send statements to the press, organize press conferences. Specialists responsible for communication with media or a person delegated by the Director of Administration make statements to the press. It became clear after the expert interview that municipalities have to communicate with media; the situation, the size of the municipality, the importance of the news help to choose the way of communication.

Science and technology play an increasing role in our lives, and progress in modern science and technology occur very quickly. Sciencific knowledge update is needed to understand the great scientific and technological changes. But this must bedone properly, stimulating the interest; the mass mediaoften do not help since they may insist on aspects which are doubtful or incorrect or not scientific. Lithuania is among the European Union countries with minimal interest of community in science and technologies, one of the lowest funding of science, and slow progress in science popularization. The main goal of the future work for animal science (on ecological and environmental range) popularization is creating the shortcut between the community (especially children and young people) and academic and research society by direct communication of animal science researchers to general public in Lithuania. The idea of sustainability is directing us from a purely economic stand point of animal production to new dimensions, which include: human and animal health and wellbeing, as well as environment impact and in effect can lead to principal shifts in our paradigma approaches to the relationships berween man and his environment. The article deals with ecological farming in the Lithuania. Under current and near future conditions the needs of ecological farms farmers to cooperate and the possibilities of ecological cooperatives development are in those agricultural branches in which stock of their products totalled most comparable weight as it is in stock-raising. The article analyzed regional differences of stock-raising ecological farms and possibilities of development of alternative activities. The most important is education of ecological life style in the early age.

Science and technology play an increasing role in our lives, and progress in modern science and technology occur very quickly. Sciencific knowledge update is needed to understand the great scientific and technological changes. But this must bedone properly, stimulating the interest; the mass mediaoften do not help since they may insist on aspects which are doubtful or incorrect or not scientific. Lithuania is among the European Union countries with minimal interest of community in science and technologies, one of the lowest funding of science, and slow progress in science popularization. The main goal of the future work for animal science (on ecological and environmental range) popularization is creating the shortcut between the community (especially children and young people) and academic and research society by direct communication of animal science researchers to general public in Lithuania. The idea of sustainability is directing us from a purely economic stand point of animal production to new dimensions, which include: human and animal health and wellbeing, as well as environment impact and in effect can lead to principal shifts in our paradigma approaches to the relationships berween man and his environment. The article deals with ecological farming in the Lithuania. Under current and near future conditions the needs of ecological farms farmers to cooperate and the possibilities of ecological cooperatives development are in those agricultural branches in which stock of their products totalled most comparable weight as it is in stock-raising. The article analyzed regional differences of stock-raising ecological farms and possibilities of development of alternative activities. The most important is education of ecological life style in the early age.

This master's final paper formulates tendencies and perspectives of knowledge based economy in science works and researches of Lithuania's and foreign scientists. There were made the definition, analyzing the statistical data of Lithuanian knowledge in the context of European Union, associated with economic and social acceptability, innovation policy and innovative business development and involvement of information and communication technologies. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, there were made SWOT analysis of Lithuanian knowledge-based economy system and conceptualized the set of incentives of knowledge-based economy in Lithuania.

This master's final paper formulates tendencies and perspectives of knowledge based economy in science works and researches of Lithuania's and foreign scientists. There were made the definition, analyzing the statistical data of Lithuanian knowledge in the context of European Union, associated with economic and social acceptability, innovation policy and innovative business development and involvement of information and communication technologies. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, there were made SWOT analysis of Lithuanian knowledge-based economy system and conceptualized the set of incentives of knowledge-based economy in Lithuania.

The scientific conference 'Ethics in the Environment of Media and Technologies' held at the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences is reviewed in the article. The text represents the course of the conference and the main thoughts of speakers, and some ideas of the participants are discussed in more detail. The topics explored in this scientific event are the following: the meaning of sacrifice, decentered subject in media, the wars of world-views, technical artefacts in the antique philosophy, the problem of nihilism in Heidegger's philosophy, ethics of representation of vulnerable subjects, paradoxes of media ethics, face in media, evil in communication, ethics of cultural and creative industries, ethics of technology, and various other ethical problems of media, politics and medicine.

The scientific conference 'Ethics in the Environment of Media and Technologies' held at the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences is reviewed in the article. The text represents the course of the conference and the main thoughts of speakers, and some ideas of the participants are discussed in more detail. The topics explored in this scientific event are the following: the meaning of sacrifice, decentered subject in media, the wars of world-views, technical artefacts in the antique philosophy, the problem of nihilism in Heidegger's philosophy, ethics of representation of vulnerable subjects, paradoxes of media ethics, face in media, evil in communication, ethics of cultural and creative industries, ethics of technology, and various other ethical problems of media, politics and medicine.

Creation of the image of the political leader in the society by Tomas Čepelevskis (summary) All changes that happened with the society in the last decades caused significant changes in the field of politics. Especially those changes touched political leaders who had to understand importance of the role of information and communication skills in the new contemporary society. Also contemporary political leaders should understand the importance of image role in the society. Every political leader understands that his image and his political wealth are directly connected with each other. Because of this leaders and their teams are changing old steady political rules for new ones. In this new political game they are trying to become more flexible and innovative. Now political leaders and their teams try to be like business service organization which sells its political services and products for the society. But in order to gain more understanding and support of the society, political leaders should not only speak loud speeches or promise better tomorrow, but they also should make clear and understandable information campaign. Consequently every image creation process in the society needs a good planed strategy with clear tasks and understandable goals. And if political leaders or their teams that take part in image creation process want to reach the desired point with perfect information campaign they must know main tools of shaping of public opinion and how to evaluate the impact. The main object of Thesis work was to give methodical examples of creating image of the political leader's in the society. Diploma work "Creation of the image of the political leader" consists of two theoretical parts: First part of Thesis work contains information about: • Leadership concepts. • Political leadership concepts and models. • Selection and rising of political leader. • Examples of international political leaders in foreign countries (Ronald Reagan in the USA and Silvio Berllusconi in Italy). • Model of the image of the political leaders in Lithuania (The way society understands political leaders). Second part: • Theory about public opinion. • Theory about the role of the mass media in the public opinion creation process. • Theory, how to organize public relations process (research, planning, communication and evaluation). • Analysis and results of theory material, critics, and recommendations. This Thesis work is useful for the information and communication, international affairs and political science specialists who work in public relation, political sciences, and image creation fields.

Creation of the image of the political leader in the society by Tomas Čepelevskis (summary) All changes that happened with the society in the last decades caused significant changes in the field of politics. Especially those changes touched political leaders who had to understand importance of the role of information and communication skills in the new contemporary society. Also contemporary political leaders should understand the importance of image role in the society. Every political leader understands that his image and his political wealth are directly connected with each other. Because of this leaders and their teams are changing old steady political rules for new ones. In this new political game they are trying to become more flexible and innovative. Now political leaders and their teams try to be like business service organization which sells its political services and products for the society. But in order to gain more understanding and support of the society, political leaders should not only speak loud speeches or promise better tomorrow, but they also should make clear and understandable information campaign. Consequently every image creation process in the society needs a good planed strategy with clear tasks and understandable goals. And if political leaders or their teams that take part in image creation process want to reach the desired point with perfect information campaign they must know main tools of shaping of public opinion and how to evaluate the impact. The main object of Thesis work was to give methodical examples of creating image of the political leader's in the society. Diploma work "Creation of the image of the political leader" consists of two theoretical parts: First part of Thesis work contains information about: • Leadership concepts. • Political leadership concepts and models. • Selection and rising of political leader. • Examples of international political leaders in foreign countries (Ronald Reagan in the USA and Silvio Berllusconi in Italy). • Model of the image of the political leaders in Lithuania (The way society understands political leaders). Second part: • Theory about public opinion. • Theory about the role of the mass media in the public opinion creation process. • Theory, how to organize public relations process (research, planning, communication and evaluation). • Analysis and results of theory material, critics, and recommendations. This Thesis work is useful for the information and communication, international affairs and political science specialists who work in public relation, political sciences, and image creation fields.