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This paper reviews the current understanding of virtual communication and specific
representations themselves in virtual space. Motives for choosing one or another avatar,
depending on the situation of communication. The results of an empirical study itself the presentation describes the features in the virtual space of the modern youth.

The article is devoted to the study of communication processes in the public administration system. The feasibility of the study is confirmed by the fact that the global transformation of an industrial society into an information and communicative society that occurs in the modern world is accompanied not only by the rapid quantitative and qualitative transformation of the information sphere and the emergence and development of a completely new type of communicative structures and processes in all spheres of society, but and a profound rethinking of the communicative nature of social reality, modern changes in the social-communicative sphere, the place and role of communication in the development of society. As the content and structure of society, social organizations and institutions become more complex, the number of information increases (scientific, artistic, political, household, etc.). This inevitably leads to an increase in the importance of social communication in management processes, which are accompanied by a fundamental transformation not only of the technology but also of the social, sociocultural basis of the post-industrial, information society. Communication has acquired signs of the most important function of any system, including in the sphere of government, which is directly a product of human interaction, based on the achievement of mutual understanding and agreement, primarily due to communicative interactions. Communication processes are considered in the article as a key integrated system of state management of social processes in the country, the main translator of information between citizens and state institutions. According to the results of the work, the author emphasized that competent communication is one of the necessary conditions for successful government management, the effectiveness of which is comparable to the possession of advanced means of production.

Political communication is an interactive process concerning the transmission of information among politicians, the news media, and the public. We can identify three distinct stages in the evolution of political communications – premodern, modern and pastmodern, which simultaneously transformed political organizations, the news media and the electorate. In the premodern stage, much political communication was subordinate to relatively strong and stable political institutions and beliefs. In the modern, faced with a more mobile electorate, the parties increasingly professionalized and adapted their communications to the news values and formats of limited-channel television. Postmodern – still emerging stage of political manipulation with media abundance. Political manipulation is a type of message aimed at influencing the opinions or behavior of people. Often, instead of impartially providing information, political manipulation can be deliberately misleading, or use fallacies, which, while sometimes convincing, are not necessarily valid. The object of this master job is manipulation in political communication. The main goal of this master job: to analyse the process of manipulation in political communication and explore specific tools of manipulation. The main problem of political communication is that politicians no longer formulate their policies on grounds of principle and rational argument, but do so in consideration of the perceived need to "play well" in the media, and to please of public opinion. In other words we can say that politicians trying to manipulate on the political communication stage. The main conclusion of this job: how often people come to know about manipulation of politicians and news media, how often they are exposed and themselves become part of the evidence and information on which people make their political judgements.

Political communication is an interactive process concerning the transmission of information among politicians, the news media, and the public. We can identify three distinct stages in the evolution of political communications – premodern, modern and pastmodern, which simultaneously transformed political organizations, the news media and the electorate. In the premodern stage, much political communication was subordinate to relatively strong and stable political institutions and beliefs. In the modern, faced with a more mobile electorate, the parties increasingly professionalized and adapted their communications to the news values and formats of limited-channel television. Postmodern – still emerging stage of political manipulation with media abundance. Political manipulation is a type of message aimed at influencing the opinions or behavior of people. Often, instead of impartially providing information, political manipulation can be deliberately misleading, or use fallacies, which, while sometimes convincing, are not necessarily valid. The object of this master job is manipulation in political communication. The main goal of this master job: to analyse the process of manipulation in political communication and explore specific tools of manipulation. The main problem of political communication is that politicians no longer formulate their policies on grounds of principle and rational argument, but do so in consideration of the perceived need to "play well" in the media, and to please of public opinion. In other words we can say that politicians trying to manipulate on the political communication stage. The main conclusion of this job: how often people come to know about manipulation of politicians and news media, how often they are exposed and themselves become part of the evidence and information on which people make their political judgements.

The article shows tendencies of development of the Internet during the last decades in a whole world generally and particularly in Russia. Against the background of the rapid development of the Internet social media as one of the main channel of modern communication also grow their popularity. Therefore, in this article, Internet users are considered by the author as participants of political communication in the described media space. While the role of visual information is increasing, political humour becoming one of the main ways of political communication at this stage of development of media communications, and political humour itself acquires specific forms and ways of expression.

The article presents the results of a media-analytical study of information flows in Ukraine and in the "new" subjects of the Russian Federation – Crimea and Sevastopol. The relevance of the study of post-conflict societies is dictated by the fact that in the digital era, an effective military solution must be supported by participation in the formation of the information agenda and management of information flows. The cases of color revolutions allow to speak of communication as a factor in the formation of unconventional social attitudes. The results of the study carried out by the authors show that in the condition of the crisis in society, communication networks are formed often due to the external influence. Information flows of a post-conflict society are formed not only from real events of everyday life and the existing socio-political situation, but also focusing on a number of topics and discourses that must be present in the media field without fail. They act as information triggers, system trigger tools that form a different streaming of flows, which were differentiated by the authors as single – and multi-wave. The analysis of the identified flows, that represent communicative network structures, testifies to the different genesis of their emergence and functioning, but the determining factor in this process is the geopolitical request for the formation of media tracks. The authors come to conclusion that the information flows of post-conflict societies are communicative-political structures of a dual nature: they initially carry the ideas of an open and democratic society, but then form conflict situations in the civil and media fields.

Статья посвящена исследованию концепта «менеджмент» в разных лингвокультурных средах, сопоставительному анализу содержания понятия «менеджмент» в межкультурной коммуникации. Описываются концепт «менеджмент» в русской лингвокультуре с его особенностями в смысловом наполнении и передача этих смыслов средствами языка. Актуальность работы связана с объектом исследования, концепт «менеджмент» носит интернациональный характер, отражен в разных национальных языковых сознаниях, где приобретает те или иные национально-специфичные черты, обусловленные как собственно языковыми, так и экстралингвистическими факторами. Этот концепт является относительно новым для русской лингвокультуры, его межкультурное сопоставление представляет интерес для исследований в области межкультурной коммуникации, теории и практики перевода, лингвокультурологии, этнопсихолингвистики. Условие функционирования концепта - современная лингвокультурная ситуация - подчеркивает значимость настоящего исследования. Материал исследования (тематические и семантические словари русского языка, Национальный корпус русского языка, Британский национальный корпус и Национальный корпус современного американского языка) рассматривался с использованием следующих методов: метод сплошной выборки, метод частичной и направленной выборки, описательный метод, включающий методы наблюдения, интерпретации и генерализации, лингвокультурологический анализ, компонентный, контекстуальный и концептуальный анализ, словообразовательный и этимологический анализ. Результаты исследования позволили выявить особенности концепта «менеджмент» в русской лингвокультуре на фоне других лингвокультур (английской, американской, китайской, вьетнамской, итальянской и иранской). Английское слово «менеджмент» в русской лингвокультуре получило широкую сочетаемость, обусловленную активностью его использования в языке, по сравнению с китайской, вьетнамской, итальянской и иранской лингвокультурами, где данная лексема преимущественно ограничивается бизнес-коммуникацией.
The article studies the concept "management" in different linguistic and cultural environments, presents a comparative analysis of the content of the concept "management" in intercultural communication. It describes the concept "management" in the Russian linguistic culture with its peculiarities in the semantic content and the transfer of these meanings by means of language. The relevance of the article is connected with the object of the research: the concept "management" is international, it is reflected in different national language consciousness where acquires certain nationally specific features caused by both proper language and extralinguistic factors. This concept is relatively new for Russian linguistic culture, its intercultural comparison is of interest for the research in the field of intercultural communication, translation theory and practice, cultural linguistics, ethnopsycholinguistics. The conditions of the concept functioning - the modern linguistic and cultural situation - emphasizes the significance of the present research. The material of the research (thematic and semantic dictionaries of the Russian language, Russian national corpus, British national corpus and national corpus of the modern American language) was studied with the help of the following methods: a continuous sampling, a partial and directed selection, a descriptive (containing methods of observation, interpretation, generalization) method, linguistic and cultural analysis, component, contextual and conceptual analysis, word-formation and etymological analysis. The results of the research allow to reveal the features of the concept "management" in Russian linguistic culture on the background of other linguistic cultures (English, American, Chinese, Vietnamese, Italian, and Iranian). The English word "management" in the Russian linguistic culture has received a wide compatibility due to its active use in the language, compared with Chinese, Vietnamese, Italian, and Iranian linguistic cultures, where this lexeme is mainly limited to business communication.

This article tries to highlight the factor of national identity in the theoretical framework of country branding, introducing the term of "articulation", in process of which the intangible national identity is transformed into the place identity. Japanese Nihon(jin)ron, being the integral part of Japanology or Japanese studies, participates as an important part of this process, and is utilised by the Japanese government for the purposes of country branding. One of the peculiarities and successful aspects of Japanese country branding could be the systematic and centralised management of both the inner and worldwide resources on Japan, what makes Japanese studies not the chaotic set of information ( as it is in majority of countries), but a controllable phenomenon.

This article tries to highlight the factor of national identity in the theoretical framework of country branding, introducing the term of "articulation", in process of which the intangible national identity is transformed into the place identity. Japanese Nihon(jin)ron, being the integral part of Japanology or Japanese studies, participates as an important part of this process, and is utilised by the Japanese government for the purposes of country branding. One of the peculiarities and successful aspects of Japanese country branding could be the systematic and centralised management of both the inner and worldwide resources on Japan, what makes Japanese studies not the chaotic set of information ( as it is in majority of countries), but a controllable phenomenon.

This article tries to highlight the factor of national identity in the theoretical framework of country branding, introducing the term of "articulation", in process of which the intangible national identity is transformed into the place identity. Japanese Nihon(jin)ron, being the integral part of Japanology or Japanese studies, participates as an important part of this process, and is utilised by the Japanese government for the purposes of country branding. One of the peculiarities and successful aspects of Japanese country branding could be the systematic and centralised management of both the inner and worldwide resources on Japan, what makes Japanese studies not the chaotic set of information ( as it is in majority of countries), but a controllable phenomenon.