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A system of government in which citizens share labor and property, Communism has been practiced in a number of different ways through the ages. The ancient Greek and medieval Utopian visions included an ideal society, while twentieth century Communism took a more sinister turn with the regimes of Lenin, Stalin, and Mao Tse-tung. The international scope of the Cold War pitted superpowers against one another in a struggle that could have ended the world. An authoritative guide on Communism's roots and practices, this timely volume investigates the historical context of this form of government, along with party platforms, images, and speeches.

This volume bases a clear and unbiased account of Communist philosophy on the Marxian Materialist Concept of History and Marxian Theory of Value. The spear-head of Marxism is its doctrine of class-struggle and from this Laski sets out on in his exposition of the Communist attitude. Although first published in 1927, the intervening years have in no way detracted from the intrinsic value of this enlightening study, regarded by many as the essential textbook for the understanding of this subject.

The twentieth century cannot be properly understood unless we understand communism: its origins, growth, demise and legacy. This brief overview of the history of communism challenges us to think about its role in shaping the contemporary world. This book shows how the modern communist movement emerged out of radical millenarian movements of the Middle Ages and the English Civil War, becoming a mass movement of industrial society, seeking to overturn capitalism and replace it with a society of equality, justice, harmony and co-operation. It traces the growth of modern communism from its beginni

Cover -- Contents -- Editors' Preface -- Introduction -- 1 Russia and Revolution -- The Russia question -- On the eve -- The call of revolution and its critics -- 2 Bolshevism and its Critics -- Marxism and Bolshevism -- The 'freest country in the world' -- The Bolshevik revolution -- Bolshevik experiments -- Bolshevik alternatives -- The politics of utopia - a negative transcendence -- Bolshevism: the Russifi cation of Marxism? -- 3 Stalinism and Communist Reform -- Stalin's revolution from above -- Russia and war -- The limits of reform communism -- Nation and adaptation -- Stability and order in the communist revolution -- 4 The Great Retreat -- Modernisation and mis-modernisation -- The party-state and citizenship -- Resistance and dissent -- Reform communism and dissolutio -- Disintegration of the state -- The end of communism in Russia -- 5 Communism in Russia -- The great experiment -- Anticipating and interpreting the end -- Russia and communism: an internal clash of civilisations -- Russia after communism -- References -- Index.